Jet Apparatus

a device designed to push or suck fluids. The working principle of a jet apparatus is based on the exchange of the mechanical energies of two flows of matter as the flows are mixed. The flow with higher pressure is called the working fluid flow. A jet apparatus consists of a nozzle, inlet and mixing chambers, and a diffuser. The flow of the working fluid proceeds from the nozzle to the inlet chamber at high velocity, carrying with it a low-pressure fluid. The flow then proceeds to the mixing chamber, where equalization of the velocities and pressures of the fluid flows occurs. The fluid flow is then directed toward the diffuser, where its kinetic energy is converted into the potential energy of a compressed flow. Further transport of the mixture occurs under the action of the compressed flow.

The efficiency of a jet apparatus does not exceed 30 percent. However, the advantages of such apparatus, including the possibility of increasing the pressure of the drawn fluid without the use of moving parts, the simplicity of design, and operational reliability, have led to applications in many branches of engineering. Mechanical pumps, compressors, and blowers are more economical at high heads and when consumption of the compressible fluid is high, but they are also more complex.