Jackson, Frederick George

Jackson, Frederick George,

1860–1938, British arctic explorer. He explored (1893–94) the tundra in arctic Russia and in Lapland, and he commanded (1894–97) the Jackson-Harmsworth expedition that explored Franz Josef Land. Jackson proved that Franz Josef LandFranz Josef Land
, Rus. Zemlya Frantsa Iosifa, archipelago, c.8,000 sq mi (20,720 sq km), in the Arctic Ocean N of Novaya Zemlya, Russia. It consists of 85 islands of volcanic origin, including Aleksandra Land, George Land, Wilczek Land, Graham Bell Island, Hooker Island,
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 was an archipelago, not a continent as had been suspected. His chance encounter (1896) with Fridtjof NansenNansen, Fridtjof
, 1861–1930, Norwegian arctic explorer, scientist, statesman, and humanitarian. The diversity of Nansen's interests is shown in his writings, which include Eskimo Life (1893), Closing-Nets for Vertical Hauls and for Vertical Towing (1915),
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 and F. H. Johansen, who were returning by sledge from their attempted journey to the North Pole, probably saved the lives of these two explorers. In later years Jackson became a well-known African traveler. His writings include The Great Frozen Land (1895) and A Thousand Days in the Arctic (1899).