hills and ridges in areas of former Anthropogenic continental glaciation.

Kames are found singly and in groups, primarily in the northwest European USSR (Karelia, the Baltic region, and Leningrad Oblast). Their elevations range between 2–5 and 20–30 m. They are composed of sands containing galls and interlayers of clay with inclusions of balls and ball accumulations. Enveloping stratification that roughly repeats the contour of the cross section of the kame is characteristic. On top the kames are often overlapped with loams and, frequently, with boulders. The origin of kames is not completely understood. According to one of the most common hypotheses, kames appeared as a result of the accumulative action of streams that circulated at the surface of, within, and at the base of large blocks of dead ice during the period of glacier degradation.