| 释义 |
asbestos
as·bes·tos A0451400 (ăs-bĕs′təs, ăz-)n.1. Any of six incombustible chemical-resistant silicate minerals, including one serpentine (chrysotile) and five amphiboles (amosite, crocidolite, and fibrous forms of actinolite, anthophyllite, and tremolite), that separate easily into long, thin, flexible fibers and that have been widely used commercially in products such as fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, and chemical filters. Mining and use of asbestos has been restricted because inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause asbestosis and cancer.2. Fabric or material containing any of these mineral forms.adj. Of, made of, or containing one of these six mineral forms.
[Middle English asbestus, a kind of mineral which could not be extinguished when it caught fire, perhaps also asbestos (whose fibers may have been made into wicks that would never be consumed when used in ever-burning oil lamps), from Medieval Latin, from Latin asbestos, a kind of mineral (exact meaning uncertain), from Greek, quicklime, from asbestos (tintanos), unquenchable (lime), from asbestos, unquenchable (quicklime being so called because it reacts vigorously with water to release heat that can ignite combustible substances) : a-, not; see a-1 + sbennunai, sbes-, to quench.]
as·bes′tine (-tĭn), as·bes′tic (-tĭk) adj.asbestos (æsˈbɛstɒs; -təs) or asbestusn (Minerals) a. any of the fibrous amphibole and serpentine minerals, esp chrysotile and tremolite, that are incombustible and resistant to chemicals. It was formerly widely used in the form of fabric or board as a heat-resistant structural materialb. (as modifier): asbestos matting. [C14 (originally applied to a mythical stone the heat of which could not be extinguished): via Latin from Greek: from asbestos inextinguishable, from a-1 + sbennunai to extinguish] asˈbestine adjas•bes•tos (æsˈbɛs təs, æz-)
n. 1. a fibrous mineral, either amphibole or chrysotile, formerly used for making incombustible or fireproof articles and in building insulation. 2. a fabric woven from asbestos fibers, formerly used for theater curtains, firefighters' gloves, etc. Sometimes, as•bes′tus.[1350–1400; Middle English asbeston, albeston < Middle French < Latin asbestos < Greek: literally, unquenchable] as•bes′tous, adj. as·bes·tos (ăs-bĕs′təs) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate. Asbestos is resistant to heat, flames, and chemical action. Some forms have been shown to cause lung diseases. For this reason, asbestos is no longer used to make insulation, fireproofing material, and brake linings.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  asbestos - a fibrous amphibole; used for making fireproof articles; inhaling fibers can cause asbestosis or lung canceramphibole - a mineral or mineral variety belonging to the amphibole groupamphibole group - a group of minerals with similar crystal structures containing a silicate chain and combinations of chiefly sodium and calcium and magnesium and iron and aluminumchrysotile - a grey or green fibrous mineral; an important source of commercial asbestostremolite - a white or pale green mineral (calcium magnesium silicate) of the amphibole group used as a form of asbestos |
Translationsasbestos (ӕzˈbestos) noun, adjective (of) a mineral that will not burn which can protect against fire. an asbestos suit. 石棉 石棉asbestos
Asbestos (ăsbĕs`təs, äz'bĕstōs`), town (1991 pop. 6,487), SE Que., Canada. Asbestos was formerly mined in the area. Manufactures include wood products and electrical equipment.
asbestos, common name for any of a variety of silicate minerals within the amphibole and serpentine groups that are fibrous in structure and more or less resistant to acid and fire. Chrysotile asbestos, a form of serpentineserpentine
, hydrous silicate of magnesium. It occurs in crystalline form only as a pseudomorph having the form of some other mineral and is generally found in the form of chrysotile (silky fibers) and antigorite and lizardite (which are both tabular).
..... Click the link for more information. that is also known as white asbestos and has curly fibers, is the chief commercial asbestos. Varieties of amphibole asbestos, which has needlelike fibers, are amosite, or brown asbestos, used in insulating materials; crocidolite, or blue asbestos, used for making asbestos-cement products; and tremolite, used in laboratories for filtering chemicals. Asbestos is usually found comprising veins in other rock; in most cases it appears to be the product of metamorphismmetamorphism,
in geology, process of change in the structure, texture, or composition of rocks caused by agents of heat, deforming pressure, shearing stress, hot, chemically active fluids, or a combination of these, acting while the rock being changed remains essentially in the
..... Click the link for more information. . The asbestos-producing nations are Russia, Kazakhstan, China, and Brazil. Asbestos is mined both in open quarries and underground. Since the 1960s, asbestos has been recognized as a potent carcinogen and serious health hazard. Inhalation of airborne asbestos fibers has been established as the cause of asbestosis (thickening and scarring of lung tissue) and as a cause of mesothelioma (a highly lethal tumor of the pleurapleura
, membranous lining of the upper body cavity and covering for the lungs. The pleura is a two-layered structure: the parietal pleura lines the walls of the chest cage and covers the upper surface of the diaphragm, and the pulmonary pleura, or visceral layer, tightly covers
..... Click the link for more information. ) as well as of cancers of the lung, intestines, and liver. In 1972, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration began regulating asbestos and strengthening work safety standards. Large class action lawsuits were filed and won against asbestos companies, which had probable prior knowledge of the dangers involved. In 1989, the Environmental Protection Agency imposed a ban on 94% of U.S. asbestos production and imports, to be phased in over a seven year period. Most current asbestos exposure comes from asbestos in older buildings and products such as automobile brakes. Bibliography See P. H. Riordon and V. F. Hollister, Geology of Asbestos Deposits (1981); S. S. Chissick and R. Derricott, Asbestos: Properties, Applications and Hazards (1983). AsbestosA noncombustible, flexible mineral fiber that is able to withstand high temperatures; it is fabricated into many forms, either alone or mixed with other ingredients. Once commonly used in many building materials, including insulation, fireproof siding, and resilient flooring. The use of asbestos in some products has been banned by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission; manufacturers also have adopted voluntary limitations on its use. When found in older buildings, most commonly in floor tiles, pipe and furnace insulation, or asbestos shingles, the product’s friability is a major determinant in how it must be handled during renovations.Asbestos a collective term used to designate a group of fine-fiber minerals of the silicate class that form aggregates made up of extremely fine, flexible fibers. These properties are possessed by minerals of two groups—serpentine and amphibole, known respectively by the names chrysotile asbestos and amphibole asbestos, which differ in atomic structure. Chemically, asbestos minerals are composed of hy-drated silicates of magnesium and iron and partially of calcium and sodium. Most important is chrysotile asbestos, which constitutes 95 percent of the total asbestos in use. Chrysotile asbestos is a mineral of the serpentine group, Mg6[Si4O10](OH)8; it is a double-layered, sheet-form silicate. One layer consists of silicon oxide tetrahedra, the other of oxide octahedra with magnesium (or sometimes with iron) at the center. In particles it has a greenish-gray color and a silken sheen. Its hardness on the mineralogical scale ranges from 2 to 2.5, and its density is 2,500 kg/m3. The fibers are flexible, possessing a high tensile strength (approximately 3 giganewtons per m2 [300 kilograms-force per mm2]) and a high resistance to fire (the melting point is roughly 1500°C); they are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Fiber length varies from fractions of a millimeter to 50 mm, rarely more, and its thickness is measured in fractions of a micron. Deposits are formed in ultrabasic rocks, rich in magnesium, by the action of hydrothermal solutions connected with younger granites. In the USSR chrysotile asbestos is mined in the Urals (the Bazhenov and Kiembaev deposits), the western part of Kazakhstan (Dzhetygarina), and the Tuva ASSR (Ak-Dovurak). In the northern part of Chita Oblast the Molodezhnyi deposit has been discovered, in which exceptionally long asbestos fibers are encountered. Of great importance are the chrysotile deposits in the serpentine belt of the Eastern and Western Saian mountains, as well as in the Northern Caucasus. Major foreign deposits of chrysotile asbestos have been found in Canada (Quebec Province) and South Africa (Southern Rhodesia and the Republic of South Africa); it is also mined in Czechoslovakia, China, the USA, Italy, France, Finland, Cyprus, Japan, and the Australian Commonwealth. Chrysotile asbestos is suitable for the manufacture of fireproof textile products, heat-insulating products, various fillers for plastics, and asbestos cement. Amphibole asbestos is represented by several minerals of the amphibole group, such as tremolite, anthophyllite, and crocidolite. Amphibole asbestos is an aggregate of fine, hairlike crystals lying in a parallel or radial formation or without any order at all. The fibers of certain types of amphibole asbestos are brittle. The color and other physical properties depend on its composition. Fiber length ranges up to 5 cm but often is even longer. Deposits of amphibole asbestos are limited to metamorphic rocks; in the USSR they are located in the Urals (Syserf); abroad they are found in Southern Rhodesia and the Republic of South Africa. Amphibole asbestos has a high resistance to acid and seawater and is also a good material for fireproofing and heat-insulating products. It is most widely used in the chemical industry as a filler. REFERENCESMerenkov, B. Ia. Genezis khrizotil-asbesta. Moscow, 1958.
Mestorozhdeniia khrizotil-asbesta SSSR. Moscow, 1967.V. P. PETROV asbestos[as′bes·təs] (mineralogy) A general name for the useful, fibrous varieties of a number of rock-forming silicate minerals that are heat-resistant and chemically inert; two varieties exist: amphibole asbestos, the best grade of which approaches the composition Ca2Mg5(OH)2Si8O22(tremolite), and serpentine asbestos, usually chrysotile, Mg3Si2(OH)4O5. asbestos, asbestos fiberFine, flexible, non-combustible, inorganic fiber obtained from natural hydrous magnesium silicate; can withstand high temperatures without change; a poor heat conductor; is fabricated into many forms either alone or with other ingredients. A recognized health hazard.asbestosa. any of the fibrous amphibole and serpentine minerals, esp chrysotile and tremolite, that are incombustible and resistant to chemicals. It was formerly widely used in the form of fabric or board as a heat-resistant structural material b. (as modifier): asbestos matting asbestos (jargon)Used as a modifier to anything intended to protectone from flames; also in other highly flame-suggestiveusages. E.g., asbestos longjohns, asbestos cork award.asbestos
asbestos [as-bes´tos] fibrous calcium and magnesium silicate, a nonburning compound used in roofing materials, insulation for electric circuits, brake linings, and many other products that must be fire resistant. Alternative materials are being developed to replace asbestos because fine asbestos fibers can be inhaled, causing asbestosis, pleural mesothelioma, and other types of lung cancer. In 1971, asbestos became the first material to be regulated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.as·bes·tos (as-bes'tŏs), Avoid the mispronunciation as-bes'ōz.The commercial product, after mining and processing, obtained from a family of fibrous hydrated silicates divided mineralogically into amphiboles (amosite, anthrophyllite, and crocidolite) and serpentines (chrysotile); it is virtually insoluble and is used to provide tensile strength and moldability, thermal insulation, and resistance to fire, heat, and corrosion; inhalation of asbestos particles can cause asbestosis, pleural plaques, pleural fibrosis, pleural effusion, mesothelioma, and lung cancer. [G. unquenchable; so-called in the erroneous belief that when heated, its warmth could not be quenched] asbestos An incombustible mineral fibre once widely used in industry and commercial products (the USA, for example, used 30 billion tons of asbestos since 1900), such as insulation, brakes, fire-proofing, etc., prolonged overexposure to which may lead to asbestosis and possibly cancer.
Maximum exposure levels (1976 OSHA standard)
2 fibres/cm3/8 hours.asbestos Environment Any finished natural product containing a type of incombustible mineral fiber; the US has used 30 billion tons of asbestos since 1900; it is a component of ± 3000 manufactured products; maximum exposure levels–1976 OSHA standards = 2 fibers/ccm3/8 hr periodASBESTOS (as-bes'tŏs) Acronym used in assessing casualties from chemical (and radiologic) agents. The components of the acronym are A for agent (type of chemical or radiation); S for state (e.g., solid, liquid, gas, vapor, aerosol); B for body site, or route of exposure (e.g., inhalational, percutaneous, ocular, enteral, parenteral); E for effects (local vs. systemic); S for severity of effects and of exposure; T for time course (e.g., time from exposure, length of latent period, prognosis); O for other diagnoses (both instead of and in addition to the agent originally considered); and S for synergism (interaction among multiple diagnoses).
as·bes·tos (as-bes'tŏs) Product obtained from fibrous hydrated silicates divided into amphiboles and serpentines; it is insoluble and is used to provide tensile strength and moldability, thermal insulation, and resistance to fire, heat, and corrosion; inhalation of asbestos particles can cause asbestosis and cancer of the lung and pleura. [G. unquenchable; so-called in the erroneous belief that when heated, its warmth could not be quenched]AsbestosA naturally occurring mineral, utilized worldwide for its durability and heat resistant qualities. Extremely fibrous in nature, asbestos particles can easily enter the respiratory system and damage sensitive tissue. This damage can result in asbestosis, mesothelioma, and lung cancer.Mentioned in: Asbestosis, Mesotheliomaas·bes·tos (as-bes'tŏs) The commercial product, after mining and processing, obtained from a family of fibrous hydrated silicates. Inhalation of such particles can cause asbestosis, pleural plaques, and other disorders. [G. unquenchable; so-called in the erroneous belief that when heated, its warmth could not be quenched]Patient discussion about asbestosQ. Why have i been seeing so many commercials regarding asbestos related mesothelioma? I have been quite curious to know why law firms are pushing mesothelioma ads.A. Most people who develop mesothelioma have worked on jobs where they inhaled asbestos particles.The liability resulting from the sheer number of lawsuits and people affected has reached billions of dollars.The amounts and method of allocating compensation have been the source of many court cases, reaching up to the United States Supreme Court.
so where ever there's money- there's lawyers.. More discussions about asbestosasbestos
asbestosA mineral fiber once commonly used for its fire-retarding and insulation properties. It was widely employed in insulation, roofing, floor tiles, household products, and appliances. After extensive studies,the Environmental Protection Agency determined that asbestos caused lung and stomach cancer in people exposed to it over long periods of time.If real property contains asbestos in it,most lenders will require removal,or a firm commitment for removal,before they will fund any loans to buy or renovate the property. Real estate agents are required to disclose the presence of asbestos on property, if known. Asbestos removal is generally accomplished by specially trained and licensed asbestos abatement contractors. See ASB
See ASBasbestos
Related to asbestos: asbestos removal, asbestos insulationWords related to asbestosnoun a fibrous amphiboleRelated Words- amphibole
- amphibole group
- chrysotile
- tremolite
|