angiotensin II receptor blocker

a drug that binds with angiotensin receptors, preventing endogenous angiotensin II from acting on them and thus reducing the vasoconstriction and sodium retention usually induced by that agonist.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and neurotransmitter that raises peripheral vascular resistance, induces aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortices and hence sodium retention, and promotes endothelial dysfunction and the growth and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle. Because angiotensin II plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy, drugs that block its production or action are useful in these and other disorders. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in current use are nonpeptides that selectively inhibit the AT₁ receptor. In essential hypertension, ARBs have the potential for achieving broader control than angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors because angiotensin II is generated in tissues, particularly diseased tissues, by enzymes besides ACE. ARBs have been shown to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), to reverse LVH in such patients, and slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy in those with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. ARBs are safe and well tolerated. Unlike ACE inhibitors, they do not inhibit the degradation of bradykinin and hence do not cause cough as a side-effect. Currently, they are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration only for the treatment of hypertension and, in those intolerant of ACE inhibitors, of heart failure. The generic names of angiotensin II receptor blockers end in -sartan, which is derived from the phrase selective angiotensin receptor antagonist.

angiotensin II receptor blocker

n. Abbr. ARB Any of a class of drugs that reduce peripheral vascular resistance by inhibiting the action of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular disorders. Also called angiotensin receptor blocker, angiotensin II receptor antagonist.

an·gi·o·ten·sin II re·cep·tor block·er

(ARB) (an'jē-ō-ten'sin rĕ-sep'tŏr blok'ĕr) A drug that binds with angiotensin receptors, preventing endogenous angiotensin II from acting on them and thus reducing the vasoconstriction and sodium retention usually induced by that agonist; used to treat hypertension.

单词	angiotensin ii receptor blocker
释义	angiotensin II receptor blocker angiotensin II receptor blocker n. Abbr. ARB Any of a class of drugs that reduce peripheral vascular resistance by inhibiting the action of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular disorders. Also called angiotensin receptor blocker, angiotensin II receptor antagonist. angiotensin II receptor blocker angiotensin II receptor blocker a drug that binds with angiotensin receptors, preventing endogenous angiotensin II from acting on them and thus reducing the vasoconstriction and sodium retention usually induced by that agonist. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and neurotransmitter that raises peripheral vascular resistance, induces aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortices and hence sodium retention, and promotes endothelial dysfunction and the growth and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle. Because angiotensin II plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy, drugs that block its production or action are useful in these and other disorders. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in current use are nonpeptides that selectively inhibit the AT₁ receptor. In essential hypertension, ARBs have the potential for achieving broader control than angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors because angiotensin II is generated in tissues, particularly diseased tissues, by enzymes besides ACE. ARBs have been shown to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), to reverse LVH in such patients, and slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy in those with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. ARBs are safe and well tolerated. Unlike ACE inhibitors, they do not inhibit the degradation of bradykinin and hence do not cause cough as a side-effect. Currently, they are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration only for the treatment of hypertension and, in those intolerant of ACE inhibitors, of heart failure. The generic names of angiotensin II receptor blockers end in -sartan, which is derived from the phrase selective angiotensin receptor antagonist. angiotensin II receptor blocker n. Abbr. ARB Any of a class of drugs that reduce peripheral vascular resistance by inhibiting the action of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular disorders. Also called angiotensin receptor blocker, angiotensin II receptor antagonist. an·gi·o·ten·sin II re·cep·tor block·er (ARB) (an'jē-ō-ten'sin rĕ-sep'tŏr blok'ĕr) A drug that binds with angiotensin receptors, preventing endogenous angiotensin II from acting on them and thus reducing the vasoconstriction and sodium retention usually induced by that agonist; used to treat hypertension. AcronymsSeeARB
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