| 释义 |
ketone
ke·tone K0043600 (kē′tōn′)n.1. Any of a class of organic compounds, such as acetone, characterized by having a carbonyl group in which the carbon atom is bonded to two other hydrocarbon groups and having the general formula R(CO)R′, where R may be the same as R′.2. See ketone body.
[German Keton, shortening and alteration of Aceton, acetone : Latin acētum, vinegar; see acetum + German -on, n. suff. (alteration of -en, from Greek -ēnē).]
ke·ton′ic (-tŏn′ĭk) adj.ketone (ˈkiːtəʊn) n (Chemistry) any of a class of compounds with the general formula R′COR, where R and R′ are alkyl or aryl groups. See also acetone[C19: from German Keton, from Aketon acetone] ketonic adjke•tone (ˈki toʊn)
n. any of a class of organic compounds containing a carbonyl group, CO, attached to two alkyl groups, as CH3COCH3. [1850–55; < German Keton] ke•ton′ic (-ˈtɒn ɪk) adj. ke·tone (kē′tōn′) Any of a class of organic compounds, such as acetone, having a group consisting of a carbon and an oxygen atom (CO) joined on either side to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | ketone - any of a class of organic compounds having a carbonyl group linked to a carbon atom in each of two hydrocarbon radicalsnabumetone, Relafen - a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Relafen)Clinoril, sulindac - a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Clinoril)Tolectin, tolmetin sodium - a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (trade name Tolectin)acetone, dimethyl ketone, propanone - the simplest ketone; a highly inflammable liquid widely used as an organic solvent and as material for making plasticsorganic compound - any compound of carbon and another element or a radicalbutanone, methyl ethyl ketone - colorless soluble flammable liquid ketone used as a solvent for resins and as a paint remover and in lacquers and cements and adhesives and cleaning fluids and celluloidflavin - a ketone that forms the nucleus of certain natural yellow pigments like riboflavinacetone body, ketone body - a ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the body; any of three compounds (acetoacetic acid, acetone, and/or beta-hydroxybutyric acid) found in excess in blood and urine of persons with metabolic disorders |
Translationsketone
ketone (kē`tōn), any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl groupcarbonyl group
, in chemistry, functional group that consists of an oxygen atom joined by a double bond to a carbon atom. The carbon atom is joined to the remainder of the molecule by two single bonds or one double bond.
..... Click the link for more information. , C=O, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR′, where R and R′ are alkyl or aryl groups. The simplest ketone, where R and R′ are methyl groups, is acetoneacetone
, dimethyl ketone
, or 2-propanone
, CH3COCH3, colorless, flammable liquid. Acetone melts at −94.8°C; and boils at 56.2°C;. It is the simplest aliphatic ketone.
..... Click the link for more information. ; this is one of the most important ketones used in industry. Low-molecular-weight ketones are used chiefly as solvents. Ketones may be prepared by several methods, including the oxidation of secondary alcohols and the destructive distillation of certain salts of organic acids. Ketones are related to the aldehydesaldehyde
[alcohol + New Lat. dehydrogenatus=dehydrogenated], any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, , and in which the carbonyl group is bonded to at least one hydrogen; the general formula for an aldehyde is RCHO, where R is hydrogen
..... Click the link for more information. but are less active chemically.ketone[′kē‚tōn] (organic chemistry) One of a class of chemical compounds of the general formula RR′CO, where R and R′ are alkyl, aryl, or heterocyclic radicals; the groups R and R′ may be the same or different, or incorporated into a ring; the ketones, acetone, and methyl ethyl ketone are used as solvents, and ketones in general are important intermediates in the synthesis of organic compounds. ketone any of a class of compounds with the general formula RʹCOR, where R and Rʹ are alkyl or aryl groups ketone
ketone [ke´tōn] any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O, and having hydrocarbon groups attached to the carbonyl carbon, i.e., the carbonyl group is within a chain of carbon atoms.ketone bodies the substances acetone, acetoacetic acid, and β-hydroxybutyric acid; except for acetone (which may arise spontaneously from acetoacetic acid), they are normal metabolic products of lipid and pyruvate within the liver, and are oxidized by muscles. Excessive production leads to urinary excretion of these bodies, as in diabetes mellitus; see also ketosis. Called also acetone bodies.ke·tone (kē'tōn), Any organic compound in which two carbon atoms are linked by the carbon of a carbonyl group (C-O). The simplest ketone and the most important in medicine is dimethyl ketone (acetone).ketone (kē′tōn′)n.1. Any of a class of organic compounds, such as acetone, characterized by having a carbonyl group in which the carbon atom is bonded to two other hydrocarbon groups and having the general formula R(CO)R′, where R may be the same as R′.2. See ketone body.
ke·ton′ic (-tŏn′ĭk) adj.ke·tone (kē'tōn) A substance with the carbonyl group linking two carbon atoms; the most important in medicine and the simplest in chemistry is dimethyl ketone (acetone).  Fig. 199 Ketone . The molecular structure of acetone. ketone an organic molecule in which a C=O group is contained within the molecule rather than at one end. Ketones are highly varied in structure, ranging from the simple acetone (see Fig. 199) to FRUCTOSE, a KETOSE sugar.ke·tone (kē'tōn) A substance with the carbonyl group linking two carbon atoms; acetone is the most important in medicine and the simplest in chemistry. ketone
Related to ketone: Ketone bodies, ketosisWords related to ketonenoun any of a class of organic compounds having a carbonyl group linked to a carbon atom in each of two hydrocarbon radicalsRelated Words- nabumetone
- Relafen
- Clinoril
- sulindac
- Tolectin
- tolmetin sodium
- acetone
- dimethyl ketone
- propanone
- organic compound
- butanone
- methyl ethyl ketone
- flavin
- acetone body
- ketone body
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