Johann Wilhelm Hittorf

Hittorf, Johann Wilhelm

Born Mar. 27, 1824, in Bonn; died Nov. 28, 1914, in Münster. German chemist and physicist. Professor at the Münster Academy from 1852 to 1889.

In 1853-59, Hittorf established that in the electrolysis of solutions, positive and negative ions are not transported at the same rate; he called the fraction of the total amount of electricity carried by each kind of ion the transport numbers. He developed a method of determining them and measured the transport numbers of many ions. Hittorf investigated the spectra of incandescent gases (1864) and the passage of electricity through highly rarefied gases (1869-83) and observed (1869) and described the properties of cathode rays, thus initiating the study of them.

WORKS

Über die Wanderungen der lonen während der Elektrolyse (1853-1859), parts 1-2. Leipzig, 1891. (Ostwald’s Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften, nos. 21 and 23.)

REFERENCE

Beckmann, E. “W. Hittorf.” Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 1914, vol. 47, p. 3233.

单词	johann wilhelm hittorf
释义	Johann Wilhelm Hittorf Hittorf, Johann Wilhelm Born Mar. 27, 1824, in Bonn; died Nov. 28, 1914, in Münster. German chemist and physicist. Professor at the Münster Academy from 1852 to 1889. In 1853-59, Hittorf established that in the electrolysis of solutions, positive and negative ions are not transported at the same rate; he called the fraction of the total amount of electricity carried by each kind of ion the transport numbers. He developed a method of determining them and measured the transport numbers of many ions. Hittorf investigated the spectra of incandescent gases (1864) and the passage of electricity through highly rarefied gases (1869-83) and observed (1869) and described the properties of cathode rays, thus initiating the study of them. WORKS Über die Wanderungen der lonen während der Elektrolyse (1853-1859), parts 1-2. Leipzig, 1891. (Ostwald’s Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften, nos. 21 and 23.) REFERENCE Beckmann, E. “W. Hittorf.” Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 1914, vol. 47, p. 3233.
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