Juncker, Jean-Claude

Juncker, Jean-Claude,

1954–, Luxembourg political leader. A member of the Christian Social People's party, he was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1984. Juncker served as minister of labor (1984–99) and minister of finance (1989–2009), becoming prime minister in 1995 when Jacques SanterSanter, Jacques
(Jean Jacques Santer) , 1937–, Luxembourg political leader and European statesman. A lawyer and economist, he entered politics as a member of the Christian Social People's party in 1965 and later held several ministerial posts, notably finance minister
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 became president of the European Commission. Juncker was a principal architect of the Treaty of European Union (1992, Maastricht Treaty) and later headed the Eurogroup of eurozone finance ministers (2005–13). He resigned as premier in 2013 after a scandal involving the country's intelligence service, over which he had oversight. In 2014 he was elected to succeed José Manuel BarrosoBarroso, José Manuel Durão
, 1956–, Portuguese politician, b. Lisbon. A leftist activist while in law school, he became a Social Democrat in 1980 and was first elected to the Portuguese parliament in 1985.
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 as European CommissionEuropean Commission
(EC), institution of the European Union (EU) invested with executive powers; it also is the main EU institution that initiates legislation. Located in Brussels, Belgium, it was founded in 1967 when the three treaty organizations comprising what was then the
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 president.