ion exchange

n. A reversible chemical reaction between an insoluble solid and a solution during which ions may be interchanged, used in water softening and in the separation of radioactive isotopes.

ion exchange

n (Chemistry) the process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble solid, usually a resin. It is used to soften water, to separate radioactive isotopes, and to purify certain industrial chemicals

i′on exchange`

n. the process of reciprocal transfer of ions between a solution and a resin or other suitable solid. [1920–25]

Thesaurus

Noun

ion exchange - a process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble (usually resinous) solid; widely used in industrial processingnatural action, natural process, action, activity - a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings); "the action of natural forces"; "volcanic activity"

Translations

ion exchange

the process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble solid, usually a resin. It is used to soften water, to separate radioactive isotopes, and to purify certain industrial chemicals

Ion Exchange

the exchange of ions in electrolytic solutions (homogeneous ion exchange). When dilute electrolytic solutions, such as NaCl and KNO₃, are mixed, Na⁺, K⁺, NO₃⁻, and Cl⁻ ions are present in the mixture. The state of equilibrium for this case is expressed by the equation NaCl + KNO₃ ⇄ NaNO₃ + KCl (double-exchange reaction). If one of the substances produced during the interaction is less dissociated than the others, the equilibrium shifts toward the formation of the poorly dissociated substance. The equilibrium also shifts toward the formation of a volatile or poorly soluble product (if it is precipitated from the particular phase) according to the reactions

H₂SO₄ + 2KCN ⇄ K₂SO₄ + 2HCN ↑

NaCl + AgNO₃ ⇄ NaNO₃ + AgCl↓ I

The crystallization of a salt (ion combination), which has lower solubility, is the first process to take place upon evaporation of an equilibrium solution. The selectivity of crystallization may also be caused by the addition of organic solvents, such as alcohol, acetone, or dioxane.

During heterogeneous ion exchange (ion-exchange sorption), exchange takes place between ions that are in solution and those that are on the surface of the solid phase (the ion exchanger). When an ion exchanger saturated with one ion (such as H⁺) comes into contact with a solution containing other ions (for example, Na⁺ and Ca²⁺), ion exchange occurs between the ion exchanger and the solution: the concentration of Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ in the solution is reduced, and an equivalent quantity of H⁺ ions appears.

Heterogeneous ion exchange takes place during sorption of certain minerals (aluminosilicates, metallic hydroxides, and zeolites) from electrolytic solutions in the cells and membranes of living organisms and in synthetic ion-exchange sorbents. This type of ion exchange is widely used for the desalinization of water used to feed high-pressure steam boilers, as well as in hydrometallurgy and the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

K. V. CHMUTOV

ion exchange

[′ī‚än iks‚chānj] (physical chemistry) A chemical reaction in which mobile hydrated ions of a solid are exchanged, equivalent for equivalent, for ions of like charge in solution; the solid has an open, fishnetlike structure, and the mobile ions neutralize the charged, or potentially charged, groups attached to the solid matrix; the solid matrix is termed the ion exchanger.

ion exchange

an·i·on ex·change

(an'ī-on eks-chānj'), The process by which an anion in a mobile (liquid) phase exchanges with another anion previously bound to a solid, nonmobile, positively charged phase, the latter being an anion exchanger. For example, the process takes place when Cl^- is exchanged for OH^- in desalting. The reaction is Cl^- (in solution) + (OH^- on anion exchanger⁺) → (Cl^- on anion exchanger) + OH^- (in solution); in combination with the cation exchange, NaCl is removed from solution. Anion exchange may also be used chromatographically, to separate anions, and, medicinally, to remove an anion (for example, Cl^-) from gastric contents or bile acids in the intestine.

ion-ex·change chro·ma·tog·ra·phy

(ī'on-eks-chānj' krō'mă-tog'ră-fē) Chemical investigation in which cations or anions in the mobile phase are separated by electrostatic interactions with the stationary phase.
See also: anion exchange, cation exchange

cat·i·on ex·change

(kat'ī-on eks-chānj') The process by which a cation in a liquid phase exchanges with another cation present as the counter-ion of a negatively charged solid polymer (cation exchanger). Cation exchange may be used chromatographically, to separate cations, and medicinally, to remove a cation.
See also: anion exchange

an·i·on ex·change

(an'ī-on eks-chānj') The process by which an anion in a mobile (liquid) phase exchanges with another anion previously bound to a solid, positively charged phase, the latter being an anion exchanger. Anion exchange may also be used chromatographically, to separate anions, and medicinally, to remove an anion (e.g., Cl^-) from gastric contents or bile acids in the intestine.

ion exchange

A reversible chemical reaction in which ions in a solution are replaced by others with like charge from an insoluble solid such as an ION EXCHANGE RESIN. The process is used for softening hard water, purifying sugar, separating radioactive isotopes and for other purposes.

ion exchange

ion exchange

ion exchange

i′on exchange`

ion exchange

ion exchange

Ion Exchange

ion exchange

ion exchange

an·i·on ex·change

ion-ex·change chro·ma·tog·ra·phy

cat·i·on ex·change

an·i·on ex·change

ion exchange

ion exchange

Words related to ion exchange

noun a process in which ions are exchanged between a solution and an insoluble (usually resinous) solid

Related Words