John Hunter


Hunter, John,

1728–93, Scottish anatomist and surgeon, studied under his brother, William HunterHunter, William,
1718–83, Scottish physician. He was famous as a lecturer, as London's leading obstetrician, as professor of anatomy and later president of the Royal Academy of Arts, and as head of a school and museum of anatomy where many noted men were trained.
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. A pioneer in comparative anatomy and morphology who is sometimes called the father of modern surgery, he made many valuable investigations and introduced several surgical techniques, including a method of ligating aneurisms that is still in use. His writings include Natural History of the Human Teeth (1771), a work on sexually transmitted diseasessexually transmitted disease
(STD) or venereal disease,
term for infections acquired mainly through sexual contact. Five diseases were traditionally known as venereal diseases: gonorrhea, syphilis, and the less common granuloma inguinale, lymphogranuloma venereum, and
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 (1786), and Treatise on the Blood, Inflammation, and Gunshot Wounds (1794). Hunter's anatomical collection, acquired in 1800 by the Royal College of Surgeons, London, formed the nucleus of the Hunterian Museum.

Bibliography

See biographies by E. A. Gray (1952), J. Kobler (1960), I. Noble (1971), and W. Moore (2005).