Mallory-Weiss tear


Mal·lo·ry-Weiss syn·drome

(mal'ŏ-rē wīs), upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage resulting from a laceration in the mucosa at the gastroesophageal junction, usually induced by retching or vomiting. Synonym(s): Mallory-Weiss lesion, Mallory-Weiss tear

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Upper GI bleeding linked to longitudinal mucosal lacerations at the oesophagogastric junction or gastric cardia, which accounts for 5–15% of upper GI bleeds. While the original report by Mallory and Weiss in 1929 involved alcoholics with persistent retching and vomiting, the syndrome may follow any event that provokes a sudden rise in intragastric pressure or gastric prolapse into the oesophagus.
Clinical findings
The classic presentation is vomiting, retching or violent coughing, usually (85%) accompanied by haematemesis.
 
Risk factors
Hiatal hernia (35–100% of patients); alcohol use is reported in 40–75%, aspirin in 30%.
Management
Bleeding stops spontaneously in 80–90% of patients; most require symptomatic relief; active management strategies include bipolar electrocoagulation by endoscopy, injection therapy, transcatheter embolisation, and intra-arterial vasopressin infusion.

Mallory-Weiss tear

Mallory-Weiss lesion Emergency medicine A laceration of the esophagogastric junction, which accounts for 5–15% of upper GI bleeding; the classic scenario is vomiting, retching, or violent coughing in an alcoholic Pt Management Bleeding stops spontaneously in 80–90% of Pts; most require symptomatic relief; active management strategies include bipolar electrocoagulation by endoscopy, injection therapy, transcatheter embolization, and intra-arterial vasopressin infusion. Cf Esophageal varices.

Mal·lo·ry-Weiss le·sion

(mal'ŏr-ē wīs lē'zhŭn) Laceration of the gastric cardia, as seen in the Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
Synonym(s): Mallory-Weiss tear.

Mallory,

George Kenneth, U.S. pathologist, 1900–. Mallory syndrome - gastroesophageal junction mucosal laceration.Mallory-Weiss lesion - laceration of the gastric cardia, as seen in the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Synonym(s): Mallory-Weiss tearMallory-Weiss syndrome - laceration of the lower end of the esophagus, associated with bleeding, caused usually by severe retching and vomiting.Mallory-Weiss tear - Synonym(s): Mallory-Weiss lesion

Weiss,

Soma, U.S. physician, 1898-1942. Charcot-Weiss-Baker syndrome - see under CharcotMallory-Weiss lesion - see under Mallory, George KennethMallory-Weiss syndrome - see under Mallory, George KennethMallory-Weiss tear - Synonym(s): Mallory-Weiss lesion