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onchocerciasisenUK
on·cho·cer·ci·a·sis O0075450 (ŏng′kō-sər-kī′ə-sĭs)n. Any of several diseases caused by infestation with filarial worms of the genus Onchocerca, especially a disease of humans caused by O. volvulus and characterized by nodular swellings on the skin and eye lesions that can result in blindness. Transmitted by black flies of the genus Simulium, the disease occurs in tropical regions of Africa and Central and South America. Also called river blindness.
[New Latin Onchocerca, genus name (Greek onkos, barb + Greek kerkos, tail) + -iasis.]onchocerciasis (ˌɒŋkəʊsəˈkaɪəsɪs) n, pl -ses (-siːz) (Pathology) a disease found in parts of Africa and tropical America that is caused by a parasitic worm, Onchocerca volvulus, and transmitted to humans by various species of black fly. It results in inflammation of the skin and in some cases blindness. Also called: river blindness [C20: from Onchocerca, the genus of worms + -iasis]Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | onchocerciasis - infestation with slender threadlike roundworms (filaria) deposited under the skin by the bite of black fleas; when the eyes are involved it can result in blindness; common in Africa and tropical Americariver blindnessinfestation - the state of being invaded or overrun by parasites |
Translations
OnchocerciasisenUK
onchocerciasis[‚äŋ·kō·sər′kī·ə·səs] (medicine) Infection with the filaria Onchocerca volvulus ; results in skin tumors, papular dermatitis, and ocular complications. Onchocerciasis a chronic parasitic disease that is caused by nematodes of the genus Onchocerca. Onchocerciasis occurs universally and mainly affects ungulates; the greatest economic damage arises when cattle and horses are affected. The intermediate hosts of Onchocerca are simuliids and ceratopogonids, which are bloodsucking insects. The infestation is most prevalent in pastures during the swarming time of the intermediate hosts. The mature parasites concentrate in the tendons, ligaments, and connective tissue, causing inflammatory foci that are often aggravated by pyogenic microflora. Onchocerciasis usually occurs without observable symptoms. Diagnosis in the living animal is based on the presence of Onchocerca larvae in skin biopsies and on the results of allergic skin tests. No specific treatment is available. Onchocerciasis is prevented by protecting animals from the bites of simuliids and ceratopogonids and by exterminating these insects during hatching time, from May to August. REFERENCESkriabin, K. I., and A. M. Petrov. Osnovy veterinarnoi nematodologii. Moscow, 1964.onchocerciasisenUK
onchocerciasis [ong″ko-ser-ki´ah-sis] infection with worms of the genus Onchocerca. Human infection is caused by O. volvulus, with heavy infestations usually being characterized by subcutaneous nodules (onchocercomas) containing tangled masses of adult worms, a persistent dermatitis, lymphadenitis, and ocular lesions related to the invasion and death of microfilariae, which may progress to optic neuritis, optic atrophy, and blindness. The condition is also known by many local and regional names (craw-craw, Robles' disease) and by various names descriptive of the manifestations of the disease (coast erysipelas, river blindness, blinding filarial disease).on·cho·cer·ci·a·sis (ong'kō-ser-kī'ă-sis), Infection with Onchocerca (especially O. volvulus, a filarial nematode transmitted from person to person by black flies of the genus Simulium), marked by nodular swellings forming a fibrous cyst enveloping the coiled parasites (onchocercoma); microfilariae move freely out of the nodule and escape into the intercellular lymph in the dermis. Dermatologic changes often develop in those affected, especially in patients in Africa, resulting in intense pruritus, scaly or lichenoid skin, depigmentation, and destruction of elastic fibers. Most important are the ocular complications that may develop after a long chronic course, with blindness frequently occurring in advanced cases, caused by the presence of living or dead microfilariae seen by slitlamp biomicroscopy. Synonym(s): blinding disease, onchocercosis, volvulosisonchocerciasis (ŏng′kō-sər-kī′ə-sĭs)n. Any of several diseases caused by infestation with filarial worms of the genus Onchocerca, especially a disease of humans caused by O. volvulus and characterized by nodular swellings on the skin and eye lesions that can result in blindness. Transmitted by black flies of the genus Simulium, the disease occurs in tropical regions of Africa and Central and South America. Also called river blindness. ONCHOCERCIASIS: Cutaneous nodules of onchocerciasisONCHOCERCIASISonchocerciasis (ong?ko-ser?ki'a-sis) (-sez?) plural.onchocerciases [ Onchocerca + -iasis] Infection with Onchocerca volvulus. Synonym: onchocercosis; river blindness See: illustrationillustrationonchocerciasis A tropical parasitic disease, mainly of West Africa, caused by the microfilarial worm Onchocerca volvulus . The filarial forms of the worm are spread by the biting blackfly Simulium damnosum , which breeds only in turbulent rivers-hence the alternative term river blindness. Onchocerciasis causes lumps or nodules under the skin, each containing at least one male and one female adult worm. After impregnation, the female worm releases millions of microscopic microfilaria which migrate under the skin and enter the eyes where, on dying they set up a severe and destructive inflammation that leads to irremediable blindness. The microfilaria also often block lymph channels and cause ELEPHANTIASIS. Treatment is with drugs such as diethylcarbamazine and suramin to kill the worms. This may cause severe reactions.OnchocerciasisParasitic infestation caused by filamentous worms of the genus Onchocerca, especially O. volvulus, that is found in tropical America and is transmitted by several types of blackflies.Mentioned in: Antihelminthic Drugsonchocerciasis A disease caused by infestation with the filarial worm (Onchocerca volvulus) spread by blackflies. It is common in tropical Africa and Central America, especially in areas near rivers. Large numbers of microfilariae are present on the skin and often enter the eye. The patient initially complains of itching, but blindness occurs as a result of chorioretinitis and optic neuritis. The disease is treated successfully with ivermectin. Syn. onchocercosis; river blindness.onchocerciasisenUK
Synonyms for onchocerciasisnoun infestation with slender threadlike roundworms (filaria) deposited under the skin by the bite of black fleasSynonymsRelated Words |