Mediastinitis

mediastinitis

[‚mē·dē‚as·tə′nīd·əs] (medicine) Inflammation of the mediastinum.

Mediastinitis

inflammation of the mediastinum, arising as a result of injury (most often, to the esophagus) or disease of the organs of the thoracic cavity, neck, and oral cavity.

Mediastinitis may be acute or chronic. The acute form is manifested by elevated temperature, chills, chest pains, difficulty in swallowing and breathing, and cough. The principal indications of chronic mediastinitis are symptoms of venous, tracheal, and esophageal compression. The treatment of mediastinitis is usually surgical. Preventive measures include timely diagnosis and effective treatment of the diseases that lead to the condition.

mediastinitis

[me″de-as″tĭ-ni´tis] inflammation of the mediastinum.fibrosing mediastinitis (fibrous mediastinitis) mediastinal fibrosis.

me·di·as·ti·ni·tis

(mē'dē-as'ti-nī'tis), Inflammation of the cellular tissue of the mediastinum.

mediastinitis

Inflammation of the mediastinum.
Acute mediastinitis
A fulminant infectious process with a high morbidity and mortality, in which organisms rapidly spread through areolar planes of mediastinum.

Aetiology
Traumatic oesophageal perforation, foreign bodies, suture line leakage, post-emetic rupture.

Clinical
Chest pain, dysphagia, respiratory distress, cervical-upper thoracic subcutaneous crepitus.

Imaging
By chest X-ray (CXR); may be normal early, followed by evidence of mediastinal and subcutaneous air.

Management
Aggressive and early with antibiotics; fluid resuscitation; chest tubes for pneumothorax or effusions; thoracotomy and surgical repair.

Chronic mediastinitis
A relatively indolent process characterised by chronic (“round cell”) inflammation and fibrosis.

Aetiology
Most often the result of a granulomatous process (e.g., TB, histoplasmosis) but may be idiopathic, as in sclerosing mediastinitis.

Clinical
Often silent if no oesophageal obstruction occurs.

Imaging
CXR; may be normal or mediastinum widened.

Management
Thoracotomy to confirm diagnosis or relieve obstruction.

mediastinitis

Surgery Inflammation of the mediastinum. See Mediastinoscopy, Mediastinum. Mediastinitis Acute mediastinitis A fulminant infectious process with a high M&M, in which organisms rapidly spread through areolar planes of mediastinum Etiology Traumatic esophageal perforation, foreign bodies, suture line leakage, post-emetic rupture Clinical Chest pain, dysphagia, respiratory distress, cervical-upper thoracic subcutaneous crepitus CXR May be normal early, followed by evidence of mediastinal and subcutaneous air Management Aggressive and early with antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, chest tubes for pneumothorax or effusions, thoracotomy and surgical repair Chronic mediastinitis A relatively indolent process characterized by chronic–'round cell' inflammation and fibrosis Etiology Most often the result of a granulomatous process, eg TB, histoplasmosis, but may be idiopathic, as in sclerosing mediastinitis Clinical Often silent if no esophageal obstruction occurs CXR May be normal or mediastinum widened Management Thoracotomy to confirm diagnosis or relieve obstruction

me·di·as·ti·ni·tis

(mē'dē-as'ti-nī'tis) Inflammation of the cellular tissue of the mediastinum.

mediastinitis

Inflammation of the MEDIASTINUM.

me·di·as·ti·ni·tis

(mē'dē-as'ti-nī'tis) Inflammation of the cellular tissue of the mediastinum.

单词	mediastinitis
释义	mediastinitis Translations Mediastinitis mediastinitis [‚mē·dē‚as·tə′nīd·əs] (medicine) Inflammation of the mediastinum. Mediastinitis inflammation of the mediastinum, arising as a result of injury (most often, to the esophagus) or disease of the organs of the thoracic cavity, neck, and oral cavity. Mediastinitis may be acute or chronic. The acute form is manifested by elevated temperature, chills, chest pains, difficulty in swallowing and breathing, and cough. The principal indications of chronic mediastinitis are symptoms of venous, tracheal, and esophageal compression. The treatment of mediastinitis is usually surgical. Preventive measures include timely diagnosis and effective treatment of the diseases that lead to the condition. mediastinitis mediastinitis [me″de-as″tĭ-ni´tis] inflammation of the mediastinum.fibrosing mediastinitis (fibrous mediastinitis) mediastinal fibrosis. me·di·as·ti·ni·tis (mē'dē-as'ti-nī'tis), Inflammation of the cellular tissue of the mediastinum. mediastinitis Inflammation of the mediastinum. Acute mediastinitis A fulminant infectious process with a high morbidity and mortality, in which organisms rapidly spread through areolar planes of mediastinum. Aetiology Traumatic oesophageal perforation, foreign bodies, suture line leakage, post-emetic rupture. Clinical Chest pain, dysphagia, respiratory distress, cervical-upper thoracic subcutaneous crepitus. Imaging By chest X-ray (CXR); may be normal early, followed by evidence of mediastinal and subcutaneous air. Management Aggressive and early with antibiotics; fluid resuscitation; chest tubes for pneumothorax or effusions; thoracotomy and surgical repair. Chronic mediastinitis A relatively indolent process characterised by chronic (“round cell”) inflammation and fibrosis. Aetiology Most often the result of a granulomatous process (e.g., TB, histoplasmosis) but may be idiopathic, as in sclerosing mediastinitis. Clinical Often silent if no oesophageal obstruction occurs. Imaging CXR; may be normal or mediastinum widened. Management Thoracotomy to confirm diagnosis or relieve obstruction. mediastinitis Surgery Inflammation of the mediastinum. See Mediastinoscopy, Mediastinum. Mediastinitis Acute mediastinitis A fulminant infectious process with a high M&M, in which organisms rapidly spread through areolar planes of mediastinum Etiology Traumatic esophageal perforation, foreign bodies, suture line leakage, post-emetic rupture Clinical Chest pain, dysphagia, respiratory distress, cervical-upper thoracic subcutaneous crepitus CXR May be normal early, followed by evidence of mediastinal and subcutaneous air Management Aggressive and early with antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, chest tubes for pneumothorax or effusions, thoracotomy and surgical repair Chronic mediastinitis A relatively indolent process characterized by chronic–'round cell' inflammation and fibrosis Etiology Most often the result of a granulomatous process, eg TB, histoplasmosis, but may be idiopathic, as in sclerosing mediastinitis Clinical Often silent if no esophageal obstruction occurs CXR May be normal or mediastinum widened Management Thoracotomy to confirm diagnosis or relieve obstruction me·di·as·ti·ni·tis (mē'dē-as'ti-nī'tis) Inflammation of the cellular tissue of the mediastinum. mediastinitis Inflammation of the MEDIASTINUM. me·di·as·ti·ni·tis (mē'dē-as'ti-nī'tis) Inflammation of the cellular tissue of the mediastinum.
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