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mannerism
man·ner·ism M0084400 (măn′ə-rĭz′əm)n.1. A distinctive behavioral trait, especially one that calls attention to itself; an idiosyncrasy. See Synonyms at affectation.2. Exaggerated or affected style in an art: films characterized by excessive artifice and mannerism.3. Mannerism An artistic style of the late 1500s characterized by distortion of elements such as scale and perspective.
man′ner·ist n.man′ner·is′tic adj.mannerism (ˈmænəˌrɪzəm) n1. a distinctive and individual gesture or trait; idiosyncrasy2. (Art Movements) (often capital) a principally Italian movement in art and architecture between the High Renaissance and Baroque periods (1520–1600) that sought to represent an ideal of beauty rather than natural images of it, using characteristic distortion and exaggeration of human proportions, perspective, etc3. (Art Terms) adherence to a distinctive or affected manner, esp in art or literature4. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) adherence to a distinctive or affected manner, esp in art or literature ˈmannerist n ˌmannerˈistic, ˌmannerˈistical adj ˌmannerˈistically advman•ner•ism (ˈmæn əˌrɪz əm)
n. 1. a habitual or characteristic manner of doing something. 2. marked or excessive adherence to an unusual or a particular manner esp. when affected. 3. (often cap.) a style of art of 16th-century Europe marked by complex perspective and elongation of forms. [1795–1805] man′ner•ist, n. man`ner•is′tic, adj. mannerism1. an overemphasis on any distinctive technique of expression, occurring when the manner of expression obscures the feeling or idea expressed in the work of art; considered by many art critics to be a sign of decadence. — mannerist, n. — manneristic, adj.
2. (usu. cap.) a style, developed between c.1530 and c.1590, marked by deliberate violations of earlier standards of painting in depicting the artist’s idea rather than nature by means of asymmetrical and crowded compositions, elongated and twisted figures, and emphasis upon devices like foreshortening. The style also afïected both architecture and sculpture. — Mannerist, n.See also: Art
a style of action, bearing, thought, or speech peculiar to an individual or a special group. See also art. — mannerist, n. — manneristic, adj.See also: Behaviormannerism(c. 1520–1700) A mainly Italian style deriving from the all-pervasive influence of Michelangelo and Raphael (i.e. in their “manner”) that exaggerated their styles into extravagant contortions for an emotional effect.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  mannerism - a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individualfoible, idiosyncrasydistinctiveness, specialness, specialty, peculiarity, speciality - a distinguishing trait | | 2. |  mannerism - a deliberate pretense or exaggerated displayaffectation, affectedness, posepretending, pretense, feigning, simulation, pretence - the act of giving a false appearance; "his conformity was only pretending"attitude - a theatrical pose created for effect; "the actor struck just the right attitude"radical chic - an affectation of radical left-wing views and the fashionable dress and lifestyle that goes with them |
mannerismnoun habit, characteristic, trait, quirk, peculiarity, foible, idiosyncrasy His mannerisms are those of a preoccupied professor.mannerismnounArtificial behavior adopted to impress others:affectation, affectedness, air (used in plural), pose, pretense.Translationsmanner (ˈmӕnə) noun1. a way in which anything is done etc. She greeted me in a friendly manner. 方式 方式2. the way in which a person behaves, speaks etc. I don't like her manner. 舉止 举止3. (in plural) (polite) behaviour, usually towards others. Why doesn't she teach her children (good) manners? 禮貌 礼貌-ˈmannered having, or showing, manners of a certain kind. a well- / bad-mannered person. 舉止…的(後綴) 举止…的（后缀） ˈmannerism noun an odd and obvious habit in a person's behaviour, speech etc. He scratches his ear when he talks and has other mannerisms. 習性，怪癖 癖性，怪癖 all manner of all kinds of. He has all manner of problems. 各式各樣的 各式各样的in a manner of speaking in a certain way. I suppose, in a manner of speaking, I am an engineer. 算得上，在某種程度上 不妨说，在某种意义上说 mannerism
mannerism, a style in art and architecture (c.1520–1600), originating in Italy as a reaction against the equilibrium of form and proportions characteristic of the High Renaissance. In Florence, Pontormo and Bronzino, and in Rome, Il Rosso, Parmigianino, and Beccafumi created elegant figures elongated and contorted into uncomfortable postures. Mannerists devised compositions in which they deliberately confused scale and spatial relationships between figures, crowding them into the picture plane. Often strange tunnellike spaces were created, as in the works of Tintoretto and El Greco. Lighting became harsh, and coloring tended to be acrimonious. The mannerists devised sophisticated and obscure allegories. Among the prominent sculptors who created sinuous and sometimes bizarre forms were Giovanni Bologna, Ammanati, and to a certain extent Cellini. The style was carried into France by Primaticcio, Il Rosso, Niccolò dell'Abbate, and Cellini. It flourished particularly at Fontainebleau and was adapted by the sculptor Goujon and the engraver Callot. In architecture the style was manifested in the use of unbalanced proportions and arbitrary arrangements of decorative features. Elements of mannerism can be found in the elegant Laurentian Library in Florence, designed (c.1525) by Michelangelo; the Massimi Palace, Rome, planned by Peruzzi; the Palazzo del Te, Mantua, built and decorated by Giulio Romano; and the Uffizi, planned by Vasari. In Spain, Berruguette was a leading exponent of mannerism. Toward the end of the 16th cent., mannerism assumed an academic formalism in the works of the Zuccaro brothers. By the end of the century it had given way to the baroquebaroque
, in art and architecture, a style developed in Europe, England, and the Americas during the 17th and early 18th cent.
The baroque style is characterized by an emphasis on unity among the arts.
..... Click the link for more information. . Bibliography See studies by S. J. Freedburg (2 vol., 1961), F. Würtenberger (1963), and M. Haraszti-Takas (1970). Mannerism (1530–1600)A style of Italian architecture which was a reaction against the classical perfection of High Renaissance architecture, either responding with a rigorous application of classical rules and motifs or flaunting Classical convention in terms of shape and scale. It was a relaxed nonconformist style, using unnatural proportion and stylistic contradictions.  Mannerism a trend in 16th-century European art that reflected the crisis of humanistic culture during the High Renaissance. The basic aesthetic criterion of mannerism was taken not from nature but from a subjective “inner idea” of an artistic image that arose within the artist’s soul. Using the works of Michelangelo, Raphael, and other Renaissance masters as stylistic norms, the mannerists distorted their underlying harmonious principle by cultivating the concepts of an ephemeral world and of the precariousness of man’s fate, which they believed to be ruled by irrational forces. In the elitist manneristic art intended for the connoisseur, some elements of courtly and knightly medieval culture were reborn. Mannerism was most clearly manifested in Italian art. Paintings by the early mannerists (Pontormo, Rosso Fiorentine, Beccafumi, and Parmigianino), who are associated with the 1520’s, are imbued with a sense of tragedy and mystic exaltation. The works of these masters are distinguished by sharp dissonances of color and chiaroscuro, complexity and exaggerated expressiveness of poses and movement, elongated figures, and virtuosic drawing, in which the line enclosing a form has substantive importance. In manneristic portraits (for example, Bronzino’s) which opened new vistas in the development of portraiture, the aristocratic aloofness of the characters is combined with an intensified, subjectively emotional attitude of the artist toward the subject. A unique contribution to the evolution of mannerism was made by the pupils of Raphael (Giulio Romano and Perino del Vaga, for example), whose monumental decorative works were dominated by atectonic, extremely grotesque ornamental elements. From the 1540’s mannerism dominated art at the Italian courts. The painting of this period was coldly and “academically” formal and marked by a pedantically allegorical and eclectic style (G. Vasari, F. Zuccari, and G. P. Lomazzo). Characteristic of manneristic sculpture (B. Ammanati, B. Cellini, Giambologna, and B. Bandinelli) were stylized human figures, fragmented forms, and a bold treatment of the problem of sculpting in the round. In manneristic architecture (B. Ammanati, B. Buontalenti, G. Vasari, P. Ligorio, and Giulio Romano) humanistic clarity of image gave way to scenic effects, an aesthetic decor, and extravagant details. The work of Italian masters outside of Italy (Rosso Fiorentino, Niccolo dell’Abbate, and Primaticcio in France; V. Carducci in Spain; and G. Arcimboldo in Bohemia), as well as the extensive dissemination of manneristic graphic works (including architectural-ornamental works), made mannerism a universal European style. Manneristic principles guided the work of representatives of the first Fontainebleau school (J. Cousin the Elder, J. Cousin the Younger, and A. Caron), the German H. von Aachen, and the Dutch painters A. Bloemaert, A. Vredeman de Vries, H. Vredeman de Vries, H. Goltzius, K. van Mander, B. Spranger, F. Floris, and Cornelis van Haarlem. However, the rise in Italy of Caravaggio and the academicians of the Bologna school marked the end of the manneristic style and the advent of the baroque. In modern Western art criticism there is a strong trend toward broadening the concept of mannerism unjustifiably by including in it masters who developed their own individual styles or who were only slightly influenced by mannerism (Tintoretto, El Greco, L. Lotto, and P. Brueghel the Elder). REFERENCESVipper, B. R. Bor’ba techenii v ital’ianskom iskusstve 16 veka. Moscow 1956.
Rotenberg, E. I. Iskusstvo Italii 16 veka. Moscow, 1967.
Brigand, G. Der italienische Manierismus. Leipzig, 1962.
Manierismo, Barocco, Rococo: concetti e termini. Rome, 1962.
Studies in Western Art, vol. 2: The Renaissance and Mannerism. Princeton N.J. 1963.
Bousquet, J. La peinture manieriste. [Neuchatel] 1964.
Hauser, A. Der Manierismus. Munich, 1964.
Tafuri, M. L’architettura del manierismo nel Cinquecento europeo. Rome, 1966.
The Meaning of Mannerism, Hanover (N.H.), 1972.M. N. SOKOLOV MannerismTransitional style in architecture and the arts in the late 16th cent., particularly in Italy, characterized in architecture by unconventional use of classical elements.mannerism1. a principally Italian movement in art and architecture between the High Renaissance and Baroque periods (1520--1600) that sought to represent an ideal of beauty rather than natural images of it, using characteristic distortion and exaggeration of human proportions, perspective, etc. 2. adherence to a distinctive or affected manner, esp in art or literature
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www.tigtail.org/TVM/M_View/X1/c.Mannerismmannerism
man·ner·ism (man'ĕr-izm), A peculiar or unusual characteristic mode of movement, action, or speech.man·ner·ism (man'ĕr-izm) A peculiar or unusual characteristic mode of movement, action, or speech. mannerismA peculiar modification or exaggeration of style or habit of dress, speech, or action.Patient discussion about mannerismQ. In what manner does bipolar reflect? A. this is very difficult when you are not used to know the symptoms. such persons turn very fast and heavily from euphoric to depressive. the behaviour is then always excessive and sometimes not anymore under control. the risk to go in an asylum is acute. More discussions about mannerismmannerism
Synonyms for mannerismnoun habitSynonyms- habit
- characteristic
- trait
- quirk
- peculiarity
- foible
- idiosyncrasy
Synonyms for mannerismnoun artificial behavior adopted to impress othersSynonyms- affectation
- affectedness
- air
- pose
- pretense
Synonyms for mannerismnoun a behavioral attribute that is distinctive and peculiar to an individualSynonymsRelated Words- distinctiveness
- specialness
- specialty
- peculiarity
- speciality
noun a deliberate pretense or exaggerated displaySynonyms- affectation
- affectedness
- pose
Related Words- pretending
- pretense
- feigning
- simulation
- pretence
- attitude
- radical chic
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