nail

nailleft to right: common, finishing, ring, and roofing nails

nail

N0004700 (nāl)n.1. A slim, pointed piece of metal hammered into material as a fastener.2. a. A fingernail or toenail.b. A claw or talon.3. Something resembling a nail in shape, sharpness, or use.4. A measure of length formerly used for cloth, equal to ¹/₁₆ yard (5.7 centimeters).tr.v. nailed, nail·ing, nails 1. To fasten, join, or attach with or as if with a nail.2. To cover, enclose, or shut by fastening with nails: nail up a window.3. To keep fixed, motionless, or intent: Fear nailed me to my seat.4. Slang a. To stop and seize; catch: Police nailed the suspect.b. To detect and expose: nailed the senator in a lie; nail corruption before it gets out of control.5. Slang a. To strike or bring down: nail a bird in flight; nail a running back.b. To perform successfully or have noteworthy success in: nailed the dive; nailed the exam.6. Baseball To put out (a base runner).7. Vulgar Slang To have sexual intercourse with.Phrasal Verb: nail down1. To discover or establish conclusively: nailed down the story by checking all the facts.2. To win: nailed down another victory in the golf tournament.3. To specify or fix: We were finally able to nail down a meeting time.

[Middle English, from Old English nægl, fingernail, toenail; see nogh- in Indo-European roots.]

nail′er n.

nail

(neɪl) n1. (Tools) a fastening device usually made from round or oval wire, having a point at one end and a head at the other2. anything resembling such a fastening device, esp in function or shape3. (Anatomy) the horny plate covering part of the dorsal surface of the fingers or toes. See fingernail, toenail4. (Zoology) the claw of a mammal, bird, or reptile5. slang a hypodermic needle, used for injecting drugs6. (Units) a unit of length, formerly used for measuring cloth, equal to two and a quarter inches7. a nail in one's coffin an experience or event that tends to shorten life or hasten the end of something8. bite one's nails a. to chew off the ends of one's fingernailsb. to be worried or apprehensive9. hard as nails a. in tough physical conditionb. without sentiment or feelings10. hit the nail on the head to do or say something correct or telling11. on the nail (of payments) at once (esp in the phrase pay on the nail)vb (tr) 12. to attach with or as if with nails13. informal to arrest or seize14. informal to hit or bring down, as with a shot: I nailed the sniper. 15. informal to expose or detect (a lie or liar)16. to fix or focus (one's eyes, attention, etc) on an object17. to stud with nails[Old English nǣgl; related to Old High German nagal nail, Latin unguis fingernail, claw, Greek onux] ˈnailer n ˈnail-less adj

nail

(neɪl)
n. 1. a slender, rod-shaped piece of metal, typically having a pointed tip and a flattened head, made to be hammered into wood or other material as a fastener or support. 2. a thin, horny plate, consisting of modified epidermis, growing on the upper side of the end of a finger or toe. 3. a former measure of length for cloth, equal to 2¼ in. (6.4 cm). v.t. 4. to fasten with a nail or nails. 5. to enclose or shut by nailing (often fol. by up). 6. to keep firmly in one place or position. 7. Informal. to catch or seize. 8. to accomplish perfectly: the only gymnast to nail the dismount. 9. nail down, to make final; settle once and for all. Idioms: 1. hit the nail on the head, to say or do exactly the right thing. 2. nail in someone's or something's coffin, something that hastens the demise or failure of a person or thing: Every moment's delay is another nail in his coffin. [before 900; (n.) Middle English nayl(l), Old English nægl, c. Old Frisian neil, Old Saxon, Old High German nagal (German Nagel), Old Norse nagl fingernail; akin to Old Irish ingen, Latin unguis, Greek ónyx]

nail

Past participle: nailed
Gerund: nailing

Imperative
nail
nail

Present
I nail
you nail
he/she/it nails
we nail
you nail
they nail

Preterite
I nailed
you nailed
he/she/it nailed
we nailed
you nailed
they nailed

Present Continuous
I am nailing
you are nailing
he/she/it is nailing
we are nailing
you are nailing
they are nailing

Present Perfect
I have nailed
you have nailed
he/she/it has nailed
we have nailed
you have nailed
they have nailed

Past Continuous
I was nailing
you were nailing
he/she/it was nailing
we were nailing
you were nailing
they were nailing

Past Perfect
I had nailed
you had nailed
he/she/it had nailed
we had nailed
you had nailed
they had nailed

Future
I will nail
you will nail
he/she/it will nail
we will nail
you will nail
they will nail

Future Perfect
I will have nailed
you will have nailed
he/she/it will have nailed
we will have nailed
you will have nailed
they will have nailed

Future Continuous
I will be nailing
you will be nailing
he/she/it will be nailing
we will be nailing
you will be nailing
they will be nailing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been nailing
you have been nailing
he/she/it has been nailing
we have been nailing
you have been nailing
they have been nailing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been nailing
you will have been nailing
he/she/it will have been nailing
we will have been nailing
you will have been nailing
they will have been nailing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been nailing
you had been nailing
he/she/it had been nailing
we had been nailing
you had been nailing
they had been nailing

Conditional
I would nail
you would nail
he/she/it would nail
we would nail
you would nail
they would nail

Past Conditional
I would have nailed
you would have nailed
he/she/it would have nailed
we would have nailed
you would have nailed
they would have nailed

Nail

A linear measurement used for cloth. It equals two and a quarter inches.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	nail - horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digitsintegumentary system - the skin and its appendagesdactyl, digit - a finger or toe in human beings or corresponding body part in other vertebrateshorny structure, unguis - any rigid body structure composed primarily of keratinhalf-moon, lunula, lunule - the crescent-shaped area at the base of the human fingernailmatrix - the formative tissue at the base of a nailfingernail - the nail at the end of a fingertoenail - the nail at the end of a toe
	2.	nail - a thin pointed piece of metal that is hammered into materials as a fastenerbrad - a small nailclinch - the flattened part of a nail or bolt or rivetclout nail, clout - a short nail with a flat head; used to attach sheet metal to wooddoornail - a nail with a large head; formerly used to decorate doorseightpenny nail - a nail 2.5 inches longfastening, holdfast, fastener, fixing - restraint that attaches to something or holds something in placefourpenny nail - a nail 1.5 inches longhead - a projection out from one end; "the head of the nail", "a pinhead is the head of a pin"hobnail - a short nail with a thick head; used to protect the soles of bootsnailhead - flattened boss on the end of nail opposite to the pointshank, stem - cylinder forming a long narrow part of somethingsixpenny nail - a nail 2 inches longspike - a large stout nail; "they used spikes to fasten the rails to a railroad tie"staple - a short U-shaped wire nail for securing cablesstub nail - a short thick nailtack - a short nail with a sharp point and a large headtenpenny nail - a nail 3 inches long
	3.	nail - a former unit of length for cloth equal to 1/16 of a yardlinear measure, linear unit - a unit of measurement of length
Verb	1.	nail - attach something somewhere by means of nails; "nail the board onto the wall"attach - cause to be attachednarrow down, pin down, peg down, nail down, narrow, specify - define clearly; "I cannot narrow down the rules for this game"
	2.	nail - take into custody; "the police nabbed the suspected criminals"arrest, collar, cop, nab, apprehend, pick upclutch, prehend, seize - take hold of; grab; "The sales clerk quickly seized the money on the counter"; "She clutched her purse"; "The mother seized her child by the arm"; "Birds of prey often seize small mammals"
	3.	nail - hit hard; "He smashed a 3-run homer"smash, blast, boomhit - deal a blow to, either with the hand or with an instrument; "He hit her hard in the face"
	4.	nail - succeed in obtaining a position; "He nailed down a spot at Harvard"nail down, pegbring home the bacon, deliver the goods, succeed, win, come through - attain success or reach a desired goal; "The enterprise succeeded"; "We succeeded in getting tickets to the show"; "she struggled to overcome her handicap and won"
	5.	nail - succeed at easily; "She sailed through her exams"; "You will pass with flying colors"; "She nailed her astrophysics course"ace, breeze through, pass with flying colors, sail through, sweep throughmake it, pass - go successfully through a test or a selection process; "She passed the new Jersey Bar Exam and can practice law now"
	6.	nail - locate exactly; "can you pinpoint the position of the enemy?"; "The chemists could not nail the identity of the chromosome"pinpointlocate, turn up - discover the location of; determine the place of; find by searching or examining; "Can you locate your cousins in the Midwest?"; "My search turned up nothing"
	7.	nail - complete a pass completefootball, football game - any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goalplay - participate in games or sport; "We played hockey all afternoon"; "play cards"; "Pele played for the Brazilian teams in many important matches"

nail

noun1. tack, spike, rivet, hobnail, brad (technical) A mirror hung on a nail above the washstand.2. fingernail, toenail, talon, thumbnail, claw, unguis (technical) Keep your nails short and your hands clean.verb1. fasten, fix, secure, attach, pin, hammer, tack Frank put the first plank down and nailed it in place.2. catch, arrest, capture, apprehend, lift (slang), trap, nab (informal), snare, ensnare, entrap, feel your collar (slang) The police have been trying to nail him for years.on the nail immediately, promptly, at once, straight away, without delay, punctually She insisted her lodgers pay her every Friday, on the nail.Related words
technical name unguis
adjective ungual, ungular

nail

verbSlang. To gain possession of, especially after a struggle or chase:capture, catch, get, net, secure, take.Informal: bag.

Translations

指甲钉住钉子

nail

(neil) noun1. a piece of horn-like substance which grows over the ends of the fingers and toes to protect them. I've broken my nail; toe-nails; Don't bite your finger-nails.指甲2. a thin pointed piece of metal used to fasten pieces of wood etc together. He hammered a nail into the wall and hung a picture on it.钉子 verb to fasten with nails. He nailed the picture to the wall.钉住ˈnail-brush noun a small brush used for cleaning one's nails. 指甲刷ˈnail-file noun a small instrument with a rough surface, used for smoothing or shaping the edges of one's finger-nails. 指甲锉ˈnail-polish, ˈnail-varnish nouns a substance used to colour and/or varnish one's nails. 指甲油ˈnail-scissors noun plural scissors for trimming one's nails. 指甲剪hit the nail on the head to be absolutely accurate (in one's description of something or someone, in an estimate of something etc). 说得中肯

nail

→ 指甲zhCN

nail

[nāl] 1. a rod of metal, bone, or other material used for fixation of the ends of fractured bones.2. a hardened or horny cutaneous plate overlying the dorsal surface of the distal end of a finger or toe. The nails are part of the outer layer of the skin and are composed of hard tissue formed of keratin. Called also unguis.

Parts of the nail. From Dorland's, 2000.

Nail abnormalities. From Lammon et al., 1996.ingrown nail see ingrown nail.spoon nail a nail with a concave surface.

nail

(nāl), 1. One of the thin, horny, translucent plates covering the dorsal surface of the distal end of each terminal phalanx of fingers and toes. A nail consists of corpus or body, the visible part, and radix or root at the proximal end concealed under a fold of skin. The underpart of the nail is formed from the stratum germinativum of the epidermis, the free surface from the stratum lucidum, and the thin cuticular fold overlapping the lunula representing the stratum corneum. Synonym(s): unguis [TA], nail plate, onyx2. A rod of metal or other solid substance, used in operations to fasten together the fragments of a broken bone. [A.S. naegel]

nail

(nāl)n.1. A slender rod used in operations to fasten together the divided extremities of a broken bone.2. A fingernail or toenail.3. A claw or talon.

nail

Orthopedics A cylindrical metal device constructed of stainless steel used to hold 2 or more pieces of fractured bone in place

nail

(nāl) 1. One of the thin, horny, translucent plates covering the dorsal surface of the distal end of each terminal phalanx of fingers and toes. A nail consists of a visible corpus or body, and a radix or root at the proximal end concealed under a fold of skin. The under part of the nail is formed from the stratum germinativum of the epidermis, and the free surface from the stratum lucidum, with the thin cuticular fold that overlaps the lunula representing the stratum corneum. 2. A slender rod of metal, bone, or other solid substance, used in operations to fasten together the divided extremities of a broken bone.
Synonym(s): unguis [TA] , nail plate, onyx.

nail

(nal) 1. A rod made of metal, bone, or other solid material used to attach the ends or pieces of broken bones.

FINGERNAIL2. A horny cell structure of the epidermis forming flat plates upon the dorsal surface of the fingers and toes. Synonym: onyx; unguis See: illustration

A fingernail or toenail consists of a body composed of keratin (the exposed portion) and a root (the proximal portion hidden by the nail fold), both of which rest on the nailbed (matrix). The latter consists of epithelium and corium continuous with the epidermis and dermis of the skin of the nail fold. The crescent white area near the root is called the lunula. The epidermis extending from the margin of the nail fold over the root is called eponychium; that underlying the free border of the distal portion is called hyponychium.

A nail grows in length and thickness through cell division in the stratum germinativum of the root. The average rate of growth in fingernails is about 1 mm per week. Growth is slower in toenails and slower in summer than in winter. Nail growth varies with age and is affected by disease and certain hormone deficiencies. The onset of a disease that briefly interferes with nail growth and development may be estimated by measuring the distance of the line (Beau line) across the nail from the root of the nail.

Differential Diagnosis

Changes in the nails, such as ridges, may occur after a serious illness or indicate defective nutrition. In achlorhydria and hypochromic anemia, excessively spoon-shaped nails that are depressed in the center may occur. In chronic pulmonary conditions and congenital heart disease, a spongy excess of soft tissue at the base of the nails may be associated with clubbed fingers. See: clubbing

Atrophy may occur as a result of hereditary or congenital tendencies. Permanent atrophy may follow injuries, scars from disease, frostbite, nerve injuries, and hyperthyroidism. Nail shedding is due to the same causes. Fragile or split nails often occur as a congenital condition or may be due to prolonged contact with chemicals or too frequent buffing or filing of the flat surface of the nail during manicuring. In a healthy person brittle nails are usually caused by exposure to solvents, detergents, and soaps. The brittleness disappears when the external causes are avoided. Dry, malformed nails may be due to trophic changes resulting from injury to a nerve or a finger or from neuritis, Raynaud disease, pulmonary osteoarthropathy, syphilis, onychia, scleroderma, acrodermatitis, or granuloma fungoides of the fingers. Transverse lines (Beau lines) may result from previous interference of nail matrix growth. These lines may be caused by local or systemic conditions. The approximate date of the lesion may be determined because it takes 4 to 6 months for the fingernail to be replaced. Chancre may be suspected if a small indolent ulcer appears near the nail, esp. if indurated and associated with enlarged lymph glands above the inner condyle. Quincke capillary pulsation, indicated by a rhythmic flushing and blanching under the nails, is seen most frequently in aortic regurgitation and often in anemia.

Discoloration of nails is seen in various medical conditions. Black discoloration may be seen in diabetic and other forms of gangrene. Blue-black discoloration is a common condition due to hemorrhage caused by bleeding diseases, such as hemophilia, or trauma. This condition may be painful and can be relieved by drilling a small hole in the nail at the site of the hemorrhage. A dental drill, the heated tip of a paper clip, or a similar rigid wire of small diameter may be used. Brown discoloration may be due to arsenic poisoning. Brownish-black discoloration often indicates chronic mercury poisoning due to the formation of sulfide of mercury in the tissues. Cyanosis of the nails usually indicates anemia, poor circulation, or venous stasis. Green staining of the nail fold or under the nail is associated with the growth of Pseudomonas in a wet area. Slate discoloration is an early manifestation of argyria, and intake of silver should be stopped at once. White spots or striate lesions may be due to trauma and are more frequently seen in women. Transverse white bands in all nails may be a sign of acute or chronic arsenic poisoning or, rarely, of thallium acetate poisoning. See: Mees lines

eggshell nail

A condition in which the nail plate is soft and semitransparent, bends easily, and splits at the end. The condition is associated with arthritis, peripheral neuritis, leprosy, and hemiplegia. It may be the only visible sign of late syphilis.

fungal infection of nail

See: infection

habit deformity nail

Disruption of the nail surface by the habit of abrading or stroking that area. This produces a wavy or washboard-like nail surface.

hang nail

Broken epidermis at the edge of a nail.

ingrown nail

Growth of the nail edge into the soft tissue, causing inflammation and sometimes an abscess. Ingrown nails may be due to improper paring of the nails or pressure on a nail edge from improperly fitted shoes. In many cases, this condition may be prevented by cutting the nails straight across.

intramedullary nail

A surgical rod inserted into the intramedullary canal to act as an immobilization device to hold the two ends of a fractured long bone in position.

reedy nail

A nail marked by longitudinal fissures.

Smith-Petersen nail

See: Smith-Petersen nail

splitting nail

A troublesome condition in which the brittle nails split easily. Polishing, buffing, or abrading the nail surface will weaken the nail; thus, these practices should be discouraged. Brittle nails should be soaked, preferably in bath oil, prior to cutting them.

spoon nail

A nail with a depressed center and elevated lateral edges. This condition may follow trauma to the nail fold or iron deficiency anemia or may develop naturally. See: koilonychia for illus.

nail

1. A protective and functional plate of a hard, tough protein, KERATIN, lying on the back surface of the last PHALANX of each finger and toe. 2. A steel rod used surgically to secure bone fragments in apposition.

nail

a horny, keratinized layer protecting the distal end of each finger and toe in humans and most other primates. In other terrestrial vertebrates the nail is shaped into a claw or amalgamated into a hoof.

nail

(nāl) 1. One of the thin, horny, translucent plates covering dorsal surface of distal end of each terminal phalanx of fingers and toes. 2. Generally, a metal rod, used in operations to attach fragments of a broken bone.

Patient discussion about nail

Q. My nails are black- is it dangerous? Hi, I was diagnosed with colon cancer and now I receive chemotherapy. This morning I found that my nails are brown and blue, and other nails have white lines on them. Is that dangerous? Should go and see a doctor? A. The chemo can cause several changes in your nail, e.g. make them brittle etc. You can find some more info at : http://www.breastcancer.org/tips/hair_skin_nails/nails.jsp

Q. my guy friend has a very sick looking toe nail, what should he do? its really thick and has ridges, its also dark yellow and it looks to me has thick toe jam too... ugh, he needs your help please!A. It sounds like Toenail fungus. Symptoms of toenail fungus, which can be caused by several types of fungi, include swelling, yellowing, thickening or crumbling of the nail, streaks or spots down the side of the nail, and even complete loss of the nail. Toenail color can vary from brown or yellow to white with this condition. I suggest your friend goes to see a foot doctor. The doctor might remove as much of the nail as possible by trimming, filing or dissolving it. Medicated nail polish might be prescribed for a localized infection, but a serious infection will likely be treated with a prescription oral antifungal medication. Only in severe cases will surgical removal of the nail be recommended.

Q. what natural cure for toe nail fungus really works? A. Haven't heard about anything natural that was actually provent in reliable, well controlled trial. Especially since natural medications usually aren't tested in this way, I'm not sure there can be an accurate and true answer for this question.

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Differential Diagnosis

eggshell nail

fungal infection of nail

habit deformity nail

hang nail

ingrown nail

intramedullary nail

reedy nail

Smith-Petersen nail

splitting nail

spoon nail

nail

nail

nail

Patient discussion about nail

Nail

Nail

Nail

NAIL

nail

Synonyms for nail

noun tack

Synonyms

noun fingernail

Synonyms

verb fasten

Synonyms

verb catch

Synonyms

phrase on the nail

Synonyms

Synonyms for nail

verb to gain possession of, especially after a struggle or chase

Synonyms

Synonyms for nail

noun horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits

Related Words

noun a thin pointed piece of metal that is hammered into materials as a fastener

Related Words

noun a former unit of length for cloth equal to 1/16 of a yard

Related Words

verb attach something somewhere by means of nails

Related Words

verb take into custody

Synonyms

Related Words

verb hit hard

Synonyms

Related Words