Neyman-Pearson statistical hypothesis

Ney·man-·Pear·son sta·tis·ti·cal hy·poth·e·sis

(nā'man pēr'son), a formal conjecture about the numeric value of a parameter to be tested exclusively in the light of an immediate set of data without attention to prior knowledge or convictions and ignoring other sets of evidence treated in a similar fashion. The answer is a statement not about whether the hypothesis is true but whether it is an acceptable explanation of the data or should be rejected in favor of another hypothesis.