Kobilka, Brian Kent

Kobilka, Brian Kent,

1955–, American physician, b. Little Falls, Minn., M.D. Yale, 1981. He was a researcher at Duke Univ. from 1981 to 1989, where he worked with Robert LefkowitzLefkowitz, Robert Joseph,
1943–, American physician, b. New York City, M.D. Columbia, 1966. Since 1973 Lefkowitz has been a professor at Duke Univ.; he was appointed a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator in 1976.
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; in 1989 he joined the faculty at Stanford. Kobilka was the joint recipient of the 2012 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Lefkowitz for their studies of G-protein-coupled receptors. These versatile biological sensors play critical roles in virtually all known physiological processes including sight, smell, and taste; regulation of heart rate and blood pressure; pain tolerance; and glucose metabolism. Kobilka's work in the 1980s helped identify these sensors as a related family of receptors. The work of Kobilka and Lefkowitz has important applications in the pharmaceutical industry; about half of all medications act on these receptors.