| 释义 |
nervous
nerv·ous N0065400 (nûr′vəs)adj.1. a. Of or relating to the nerves or nervous system: nervous tissue.b. Stemming from or affecting the nerves or nervous system: a nervous disorder.2. Easily agitated or distressed; high-strung or jumpy.3. Marked by or having a feeling of unease or apprehension: nervous moments before takeoff.4. Vigorous in style or feeling; spirited: "the nervous thrust of a modern creation" (Henry A. Kissinger).5. Archaic Strong; sinewy.
[Middle English, sinewy, containing nerves, from Latin nervōsus, sinewy, from nervus, sinew; see nerve.]
nerv′ous·ly adv.nerv′ous·ness n.nervous (ˈnɜːvəs) adj1. very excitable or sensitive; highly strung2. (often foll by of) apprehensive or worried: I'm nervous of traffic. 3. of, relating to, or containing nerves; neural: nervous tissue. 4. (Pathology) affecting the nerves or nervous tissue: a nervous disease. 5. archaic active, vigorous, or forceful ˈnervously adv ˈnervousness nnerv•ous (ˈnɜr vəs)
adj. 1. unnaturally or acutely uneasy or apprehensive; timid. 2. highly excitable or agitated. 3. of, pertaining to, or affecting the nerves: nervous tension; nervous diseases. 4. suffering from, characterized by, or originating in disordered nerves. 5. characterized by acute apprehension: a nervous moment. 6. having or containing nerves. 7. vigorous or spirited. 8. Archaic. sinewy or strong. [1350–1400] nerv′ous•ly, adv. nerv′ous•ness, n. nervous anxious">anxious irritated">irritated annoyed">annoyed1. 'nervous'If you are nervous, you are rather frightened about something that you are going to do or experience. My daughter is nervous about starting school.2. 'anxious'If you are worried about something that might happen to someone else, don't say that you are 'nervous'. Say that you are anxious. It's time to be going home your mother will be anxious.I had to deal with calls from anxious relatives.See anxious3. 'irritated' and 'annoyed'If something makes you angry and impatient because you cannot stop it continuing, don't say that it makes you 'nervous'. Say that you are irritated or annoyed by it. Perhaps they were irritated by the sound of crying.I was annoyed by his questions.Thesaurus| Adj. | 1. | nervous - easily agitated; "a nervous addict"; "a nervous thoroughbred"tense - in or of a state of physical or nervous tension | | 2. |  nervous - causing or fraught with or showing anxiety; "spent an anxious night waiting for the test results"; "cast anxious glances behind her"; "those nervous moments before takeoff"; "an unquiet mind"anxious, unquiet, queasy, uneasytroubled - characterized by or indicative of distress or affliction or danger or need; "troubled areas"; "fell into a troubled sleep"; "a troubled expression"; "troubled teenagers" | | 3. | nervous - of or relating to the nervous system; "nervous disease"; "neural disorder"neural | | 4. |  nervous - excited in anticipation aflutterexcited - in an aroused state | | 5. | nervous - unpredictably excitable (especially of horses)skittish, spooky, flightyexcitable - easily excited |
nervousadjective apprehensive, anxious, uneasy, edgy, worried, wired (slang), tense, fearful, shaky, hysterical, neurotic, agitated, ruffled, timid, hyper (informal), jittery (informal), uptight (informal), flustered, on edge, excitable, nervy (Brit. informal), jumpy, twitchy (informal), fidgety, timorous, highly strung, antsy (informal), toey (Austral. slang) I get very nervous when I'm in the house alone at night.
even, together (slang), cool, relaxed, confident, calm, steady, peaceful, bold, laid-back (informal), unfazed (informal), equablenervousadjective1. In a state of anxiety or uneasiness:agitated, anxious, concerned, distressed, solicitous, uneasy, unsettled.2. Feeling or exhibiting nervous tension:edgy, fidgety, jittery, jumpy, restive, restless, skittish, tense, twitchy.Slang: uptight.Idioms: a bundle of nerves, all wound up, on edge.Translationsnerve (nəːv) noun1. one of the cords which carry messages between all parts of the body and the brain. 神經 神经2. courage. He must have needed a lot of nerve to do that; He lost his nerve. 膽量，勇氣 胆量，勇气 3. rudeness. What a nerve! 放肆無禮 鲁莽冒失 verb to force (oneself) to have enough courage (to do something). He nerved himself to climb the high tower. 迫使鼓起勇氣 使鼓起勇气nerves noun plural the condition of being too easily excited or upset. She suffers from nerves. 神經質 神经紧张ˈnervous adjective1. of the nerves. the nervous system. 害怕地，緊張地 紧张的，神经质的 2. rather afraid. She was nervous about travelling by air; a nervous old lady. 害怕，緊張 胆怯的，焦虑的 ˈnervously adverb 神經地 神经地ˈnervousness noun 神經元過敏 神经质，情绪不安 ˈnervy adjective excitable. The horse is rather nervy. 神經質的 易激动的，紧张不安的 ˈnerviness noun 神經質 肌肉发达，有勇气 ˈnerve-racking adjective causing great anxiety or nervousness. a nerve-racking experience. 令人緊張不安的 使人伤脑筋的nervous breakdown a period of mental illness caused by a time of great strain. 精神崩潰 精神崩溃nervous system the brain, spinal cord and nerves of a person or animal. 神經系統 神经系统get on someone's nerves to irritate someone. Her behaviour really gets on my nerves. 令人不快 让人心烦nervous
be frightened of (one's) (own) shadowTo be easily or constantly spooked, nervous, timid, afraid, or fearfully suspicious. I can't say I have much faith in Johnny helping us on this expedition—that boy's frightened of his own shadow!See also: frighten, of, shadowbe nervous of (one's) (own) shadowTo be easily or constantly spooked, nervous, timid, afraid, or fearfully suspicious. I can't say I have much faith in Johnny helping us on this expedition—that boy's nervous of his own shadow!See also: nervous, of, shadowbe scared of (one's) (own) shadowTo be easily or constantly spooked, nervous, timid, afraid, or fearfully suspicious. I can't say I have much faith in Johnny helping us on this expedition—that boy's scared of his own shadow!See also: of, scare, shadownervous NellieSomeone who is more timid, nervous, or anxious than is normal or reasonable. My mother's always a bit of a nervous Nellie around the grandkids, so she doesn't like to look after them. I'm too much of a nervous Nellie to ever do something like sky diving.See also: Nellie, nervousnervous wreckSomeone who is overcome with anxiety, apprehension, or nervousness. Where have you been all night? I've been a nervous wreck waiting for you to come home! I'm going to be a nervous wreck waiting to hear back from the doctor about the test results.See also: nervous, wrecknervous NellieAn unduly timid or anxious person, as in He's a real nervous Nellie, calling the doctor about every little symptom. This term does not allude to a particular person named Nellie; rather, the name was probably chosen for the sake of alliteration. [Colloquial; c. 1920] See also: Nellie, nervousnervous wreckAn individual suffering from extreme agitation or worry, as in Pat was a nervous wreck until her mother arrived at the wedding. This expression is nearly always used hyperbolically. [Colloquial; c. 1900] Also see basket case. See also: nervous, wreckbe frightened/nervous/scared of your own ˈshadow be very easily frightened; be very nervous: Since the attack he’s been a changed man. He’s nervous of his own shadow and doesn’t like to go out alone at night.See also: frighten, nervous, of, own, scare, shadownervous Nellie n. any nervous person, male or female. Sue is such a nervous Nellie. She should calm down. See also: Nellie, nervousnervous NellieA person who worries unduly or is foolishly fearful. The term apparently originated in the late 1920s and referred to Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg, who served from 1925 to 1929. It soon was picked up and used for any individual, male or female, who showed such qualities. Richard Dyer used it in a review of Acis and Galatea, writing: “The direction presented him [Acis] as a kind of nervous Nellie, unable to decide which shirt to wear to impress Galatea” (Boston Globe, Nov. 23, 2004). See also worry wart.See also: Nellie, nervousnervous
nervous[′nər·vəs] (neuroscience) Of or pertaining to nerves. Originating in or affected by nerves. Affecting or involving nerves. (psychology) A state or condition of nervousness. nervous
nervous [ner´vus] 1. neural.2. unduly excitable or easily agitated.nervous system the organ system that, along with the system" >endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of an organism to internal and environmental conditions. It is composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, which act together to serve as the communicating and coordinating system of the body, carrying information to the brain and relaying instructions from the brain. The system has two main divisions: the central nervous system, composed of the brain and spinal cord; and the peripheral nervous system, which is subdivided into the voluntary and autonomic nervous systems. (See color plates.)The Nerve Cell. The basic unit of the nervous system is the nerve cell, or neuron. This highly specialized cell has many fibers extending from it which carry messages in the form of electrical charges and chemical changes. The fibers of some cells are only a centimeter or less long (a fraction of an inch), but those of others (for example, the sciatic nerve) may extend for half a meter to one meter (18 inches to more than 3 feet). These fibers reach into muscles and organs throughout the body and to the ends of the fingers and toes, and they cluster by the thousands in certain areas of the skin no larger than the head of a pin. The nerve fibers come together from the extremities of the body and gather into cables running to and from the brain. Along the length of the spinal cord are a number of junctions where impulses or messages are sorted or relayed to higher centers. The fibers of connecting nerve cells do not touch each other. Impulses are relayed from one to another by chemical means across the gap or synapse between them. In most cases an impulse must cross more than one synapse to cause the desired action.
In a reflex, the impulse is relayed from one nerve to another by a shortcut that produces a reaction without involving the brain. The knee jerk is an example of the simplest sort of reflex reaction. When the knee is tapped, the impulse travels through the sensory nerve that receives the tap, crosses a single synapse, and activates the motor nerve that controls the quadriceps muscle in the thigh, causing the leg to jerk up automatically.
A very different sort of reflex is the conditioned reflex.Conditioning is the process of building links or paths in the nervous system. When an action is done repeatedly the nervous system becomes familiar with the situation and learns to react automatically. A new reflex has been built into the system. Hundreds of daily actions are conditioned reflexes. Walking, running, going up and down stairs, and even buttoning a shirt all involve great numbers of complex muscle coordinations that have become automatic.Autonomic and Voluntary Systems. The human peripheral nervous system evolved over many millennia, developing the ability to perform more and more complicated functions. It is divided into two specialized subsystems. The autonomic nervous system operates without conscious control as the caretaker of the body. The voluntary nervous system, which includes both motor and sensory nerves, controls the muscles and carries information to the brain.
The autonomic system is further specialized into two subsidiary systems: the sympathetic and the parasympathetic. The control centers of these systems lie in the hypothalamus. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are continuously operative, functioning to adjust body processes to external and internal demands. (See also Plates.)
The sympathetic nervous system has in general an excitatory effect, and in response to danger or some other challenge, almost instantly puts body processes into high gear. This is done by the discharge of stimulating secretions at nerve junctions. These secretions, along with epinephrine discharged into the blood by the adrenal medulla, help start muscle action quickly. Glucose is released from the liver into the blood and thus is made available to all the body's muscles as a source of quick energy. The rates of heart and lung action increase, digestive activity slows down, blood vessels constrict, and sweating begins so that the body will be kept cool while under stress. Thus the body is prepared for an extraordinary effort.
The parasympathetic nervous system prevents body processes from accelerating to extremes. Acting more slowly than the sympathetic system, it causes the discharge of secretions that slow the heartbeat and lung action, restore digestive functioning, and limit the constriction of the blood vessels. Generally it acts as a damper, so that unless the challenge demands a prolonged effort, body processes will begin returning to normal.
The voluntary nervous system has nerves of two kinds, sensory and motor. The sensory nerves bring messages to the brain from all parts of the body. They are sorted in the spinal cord and sent on to the brain to be analyzed, acted upon, associated with other information and stored as memory. Messages from the brain, often in response to information received by way of the sensory nerves, are delivered to the muscles by the motor nerves. One motor nerve with its branching fibers may control thousands of muscle fibers.
The different parts of the nervous system are constantly interacting, and are so well coordinated that humans can think, feel, and act on many different levels and without serious confusion, all at the same time. (See also neurologic assessment.)ner·vous (ner'vŭs), 1. Relating to a nerve or the nerves. 2. Easily excited or agitated; suffering from mental or emotional instability; tense or anxious. 3. Formerly, denoting a temperament characterized by excessive mental and physical alertness, rapid pulse, excitability, often volubility, but not always fixity of purpose. [L. nervosus] nervous (nûr′vəs)adj.1. a. Of or relating to the nerves or nervous system: nervous tissue.b. Stemming from or affecting the nerves or nervous system: a nervous disorder.2. Easily agitated or distressed; high-strung or jumpy.3. Marked by or having a feeling of unease or apprehension: nervous moments before takeoff.4. Vigorous in style or feeling; spirited: "the nervous thrust of a modern creation" (Henry A. Kissinger).5. Archaic Strong; sinewy.
nerv′ous·ly adv.nerv′ous·ness n.nervous Neurology
adjective Related to a nerve; neural.
Psychology
adjective Related to anxiety; anxious; jittery, excitable.nervous adjective 1. Neural–neurology.2. Excitable–psychology.ner·vous (nĕr'vŭs) 1. Relating to a nerve or the nerves. 2. Easily excited or agitated; suffering from mental or emotional instability; tense or anxious. 3. Formerly, denoting a temperament characterized by excessive mental and physical alertness, rapid pulse, excitability, often volubility, but not always fixity of purpose. [L. nervosus]Patient discussion about nervousQ. Is fibromyalgia related to Central Nervous System? Is fibromyalgia related to Central Nervous System? Among men and women who is more prone to the symptoms of fibromyalgia?A. here is a quote from the National Fibromyalgia Association site:
"Little research has been conducted that measures the prevalence of fibromyalgia, and estimates vary widely as to the proportion of male versus female patients. A 1999 epidemiology study conducted in London found a female to male ratio of roughly three to one. However, a 2001 review of the research literature in Current Rheumatology Reports stated the ratio was nine to one." Q. What is dysautonomia? My friend has dysautonomia. What does it mean? What are the symptoms? Is it curable?A. Dysautonomia is any disease or malfunction of the autonomic nervous system. The symptoms of dysautonomia conditions are usually “invisible” to the untrained eye. The child can appear to be as healthy as other children. The manifestations are occurring internally, and although the symptoms are often are not visible on the outside. Symptoms can be unpredictable, may come and go, appear in any combination, and may vary in severity).There is no cure for dysautonomia. There are medications to assist in stabilization, but are often needed on a long-term basis. More discussions about nervousnervous
Related to nervous: nervous breakdown, nervous systemSynonyms for nervousadj apprehensiveSynonyms- apprehensive
- anxious
- uneasy
- edgy
- worried
- wired
- tense
- fearful
- shaky
- hysterical
- neurotic
- agitated
- ruffled
- timid
- hyper
- jittery
- uptight
- flustered
- on edge
- excitable
- nervy
- jumpy
- twitchy
- fidgety
- timorous
- highly strung
- antsy
- toey
Antonyms- even
- together
- cool
- relaxed
- confident
- calm
- steady
- peaceful
- bold
- laid-back
- unfazed
- equable
Synonyms for nervousadj in a state of anxiety or uneasinessSynonyms- agitated
- anxious
- concerned
- distressed
- solicitous
- uneasy
- unsettled
adj feeling or exhibiting nervous tensionSynonyms- edgy
- fidgety
- jittery
- jumpy
- restive
- restless
- skittish
- tense
- twitchy
- uptight
Synonyms for nervousadj easily agitatedRelated Wordsadj causing or fraught with or showing anxietySynonyms- anxious
- unquiet
- queasy
- uneasy
Related Wordsadj of or relating to the nervous systemSynonymsadj excited in anticipationSynonymsRelated Wordsadj unpredictably excitable (especially of horses)SynonymsRelated Words |