nanophthalmos

[nan″of-thal´mus] abnormal smallness in all dimensions of one or both eyes in the absence of other ocular defects; see microphthalmos.

mi·croph·thal·mos

(mī'krof-thal'mos), Abnormal smallness of the eye. Synonym(s): microphthalmia, nanophthalmia, nanophthalmos [micro + G. ophthalmos, eye]

microphthalmia

A congenital reduction in eye size, with the ocular bulb measuring 1/2 of the normal volume in extreme cases, due to an abnormal development of the optic vesicle in the optic cup.
Aetiology
• Congenital—e.g., encephalo-ophthalmic dysplasia, focal dermal hypoplasia, Hallermann-Streiff syndrome, incontinentia pigmenti, Lenz microphthalmia syndrome, retinopathy of prematurity, trisomy 13-15.
• Infectious—e.g., CMV, herpes, rubella, toxoplasmosis.
• Toxins—e.g., foetal alcohol syndrome.
Incidence
14/105; 3–11% of all cases of blindness.

microphthalmia

Congenital anomaly in which the eyeball is abnormally small and often deeply set in a small orbit. It is typically hyperopic. Syn. microphthalmos; microphthalmus. When there is no other abnormality (e.g. coloboma of the iris, microphthalmos with cyst), the condition is called nanophthalmos (Fig. M10). See anophthalmia; monophthalmia; pseudoptosis.

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Fig. M10 Right eye microphthalmos (From Kanski 2007, with permission of Butterworth-Heinemann)

nanophthalmos

nanophthalmos

nanophthalmos

mi·croph·thal·mos

microphthalmia

microphthalmia

nanophthalmos

Words related to nanophthalmos

noun condition in which both eyes are abnormally small but otherwise normal

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