| 释义 |
lexicon
lex·i·con L0144100 (lĕk′sĭ-kŏn′)n. pl. lex·i·cons or lex·i·ca (-kə) 1. A dictionary.2. A stock of terms used in a particular profession, subject, or style; a vocabulary: the lexicon of surrealist art.3. Linguistics The morphemes of a language considered as a group.
[Medieval Latin, from Greek lexikon (biblion), word(book), from neuter of lexikos, of words, from lexis, word, from legein, to speak; see leg- in Indo-European roots.]lexicon (ˈlɛksɪkən) n1. (Linguistics) a dictionary, esp one of an ancient language such as Greek or Hebrew2. (Linguistics) a list of terms relating to a particular subject3. (Linguistics) the vocabulary of a language or of an individual4. (Linguistics) linguistics the set of all the morphemes of a language[C17: New Latin, from Greek lexikon, n use of lexikos relating to words, from Greek lexis word, from legein to speak]lex•i•con (ˈlɛk sɪˌkɒn, -kən)
n., pl. -ca (-kə)
-cons. 1. a wordbook or dictionary, esp. of Greek, Latin, or Hebrew. 2. the vocabulary of a particular language, field, social class, person, etc. 3. the total inventory of words or morphemes in a given language. [1595–1605; < Medieval Latin < Medieval Greek, Greek lexikón, n. use of neuter of lexikós of words] lexicon1. A dictionary or glossary.2. A dictionary or a list of vocabulary used in a particular field.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  lexicon - a language user's knowledge of wordsmental lexicon, vocabularycognition, knowledge, noesis - the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoninglanguage, speech - the mental faculty or power of vocal communication; "language sets homo sapiens apart from all other animals" | | 2. |  lexicon - a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about themdictionarydictionary entry, lexical entry - the entry in a dictionary of information about a wordwordbook - a reference book containing words (usually with their meanings)bilingual dictionary - a dictionary giving equivalent words in two languagescollegiate dictionary, desk dictionary - an abridged dictionary of a size convenient to hold in the handetymological dictionary - a dictionary giving the historical origins of each wordgazetteer - a geographical dictionary (as at the back of an atlas)learner's dictionary, school dictionary - a dictionary specially written for those learning a foreign languagelittle dictionary, pocket dictionary - a dictionary that is small enough to carry in your pocketspell-checker, spelling checker - an electronic dictionary in a word processor that can be used to catch misspelled wordsunabridged, unabridged dictionary - a dictionary that has not been shortened by the omitting terms or definitions; a comprehensive dictionary |
lexiconnoun vocabulary, dictionary, glossary, word list, wordbook a lexicon of slanglexiconnoun1. An alphabetical list of words often defined or translated:dictionary, glossary, vocabulary, wordbook.2. Specialized expressions indigenous to a particular field, subject, trade, or subculture:argot, cant, dialect, idiom, jargon, language, lingo, patois, terminology, vernacular, vocabulary.3. All the words of a language:vocabulary, word-hoard.Translationslexicon (ˈleksikən) , ((American) -kon) noun a dictionary. 詞典 词典Lexicon
Lexicon the totality of words; the vocabulary of a language. The lexicon of a language or dialect is the subject of lexicology and semantics, and the lexicon of writers or individual works is the subject of stylistics and poetics. The lexicon of any language forms a complex system; its words are linked with one another both in sound form (homonyms and paronyms) and meaning (synonyms and antonyms), and the individual groups of words form what is called thematic groups (for example, the names for means of transportation; kinship terms). A lexicon is heterogeneous from the standpoint of stylistics, since it contains not only “neutral” words (for example, Russian stol, “table”; govorit’, “to speak”; khoroshii, “good”; on, “he”; tri, “three”) but also words that are restricted in usage in different ways by the stylistics of the language itself (for example, Russian ochi, “eyes”; burkaly, “eyes”; vodruzit’,) “to hoist,” “erect”; okoem, “horizon”; vkalyvat’, “to stick (into),” “to work hard”; dialectal gashnik, “girdle string”; slang pervoklashka, “first-grader”; bukhoi, “sozzled”). Phraseology is directly linked to the lexicon of a language, since many words form stable combinations with the specific meaning of a whole as opposed to that of its parts—for example, negashenaia izvest’, “quicklime” (literally “unextinguished lime”); dat’ po rukam, “to rap on the knuckles” (literally “to give on the hands”); and sobaku s”est’, “to know inside out” (literally “to eat a dog”). The lexicons of the most developed languages contain hundreds of thousands of words (including terminological systems). From a historical standpoint, a lexicon usually includes words of different origins; this reflects the direct and mediated contacts of a given people with other peoples. In recent centuries, and particularly from the late 19th century, the professional lexicon —the terminology of a special discipline—has grown at a rapid pace. The international lexicon and the terminology of its Greek and Latin morphemes are widely represented in the Indo-European languages (for example, in Russian atom, “atom”; metod, “method”; kommunizm, “communism”; biologiia, “biology”; lingvistika, “linguistics”; konstitutsiia, “constitution”; fotosintez, “photosynthesis”; tsiklotron, “cyclotron”; kosmo-drom, “spaceport”; fonema, “phoneme”; and similar words). The lexicon includes both obsolete words—historical words (Russian zabralo, “visor” and nep, “new economic policy”) and archaisms (for example, Russian daby, “in order”; vyia, “neck”; breg, “shore”; mladoi, “young”; iazyk, “language,” in the meaning of “people”)—and neologisms (for example, Russian kosmovidenie, “space television”; dizainer, “designer”; programmist, “programmer”). REFERENCESVinogradov, V. V. “Osnovnye tipy leksicheskikh znachenii slov.” Voprosy iazykoznaniia, 1953, no. 5.
Reznikov, L. O. Poniatie i slovo. Leningrad, 1958.
Ufimtseva, A. A. Opyt izucheniia Ieksiki kak sistemy. Moscow, 1962.
Kalinin, A. V. Leksika russkogo iazyka, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1971.
Shmelev, D. N. Problemy semanticheskogo analiza leksiki. Moscow, 1973.
Matoré, G. La Méthode en lexicologie. Paris, 1953.MedicalSeelexicalAcronymsSeeLEXlexicon
Synonyms for lexiconnoun vocabularySynonyms- vocabulary
- dictionary
- glossary
- word list
- wordbook
Synonyms for lexiconnoun an alphabetical list of words often defined or translatedSynonyms- dictionary
- glossary
- vocabulary
- wordbook
noun specialized expressions indigenous to a particular field, subject, trade, or subcultureSynonyms- argot
- cant
- dialect
- idiom
- jargon
- language
- lingo
- patois
- terminology
- vernacular
- vocabulary
noun all the words of a languageSynonymsSynonyms for lexiconnoun a language user's knowledge of wordsSynonymsRelated Words- cognition
- knowledge
- noesis
- language
- speech
noun a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about themSynonymsRelated Words- dictionary entry
- lexical entry
- wordbook
- bilingual dictionary
- collegiate dictionary
- desk dictionary
- etymological dictionary
- gazetteer
- learner's dictionary
- school dictionary
- little dictionary
- pocket dictionary
- spell-checker
- spelling checker
- unabridged
- unabridged dictionary
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