Milyukov, Pavel Nikolayevich

Milyukov or Miliukov, Pavel Nikolayevich

(both: pä`vĭl nyĭkəlī`əvĭch mēlyo͞okôf`), 1859–1943, Russian political leader and historian. An advocate of parliamentary democracy, he was a founder and leader of the Constitutional Democratic party, organized in 1905, and a member of the dumaduma
, Russian name for a representative body, particularly applied to the Imperial Duma established as a result of the Russian Revolution of 1905. The parliamentary organization of 1906, largely the work of Count Witte, provided for a state council (an upper house, with some
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. After the overthrow of the czarist government in Mar., 1917 (Feb., 1917, O.S.), he became foreign minister in the provisional government of Prince LvovLvov, Prince Georgi Yevgenyevich
, 1861–1925, Russian public official, head of the provisional government (Mar.–July, 1917). He played a prominent part in the development of the zemstvo system of local self-government and was chairman of the all–Russian union
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. His insistence on carrying out Russia's military obligations toward the Allies in World War I made him highly unpopular with the war-weary masses, and in May, 1917, he was forced to resign. An uncompromising opponent of Bolshevism, he settled in Paris after the failure of the counterrevolution against LeninLenin, Vladimir Ilyich
, 1870–1924, Russian revolutionary, the founder of Bolshevism and the major force behind the Revolution of Oct., 1917. Early Life
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. Among his historical works is Outlines of Russian Culture (tr., 3 vol., 1942).