Liebermann, Karl Theodor

Born Feb. 23, 1842, in Berlin; died there Dec. 28, 1914. German organic chemist.

Liebermann was a professor at the Berlin Technische Hochschule from 1873. In 1869, together with K. Graebe, he established the structure of alizarin and synthesized it from anthracene. In 1893, Liebermann discovered that the mordant properties of dyes are connected with the presence in the molecules of dyestuffs of hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups in the ortho- or para-positions.