| 释义 |
Navane
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | Navane - a tranquilizer (trade name Navane) used to treat schizophreniathiothixeneantipsychotic, antipsychotic agent, antipsychotic drug, major tranquilizer, major tranquilliser, major tranquillizer, neuroleptic, neuroleptic agent, neuroleptic drug - tranquilizer used to treat psychotic conditions when a calming effect is desiredbrand, brand name, marque, trade name - a name given to a product or service |
Navane
thiothixene (thye-oh-thix-een) thiothixene, Navane (trade name) Classification Therapeutic: antipsychotics
Pharmacologic: thioxanthenes
Pregnancy Category: UK
IndicationsSchizophrenia.Considered second-line treatment after failure with atypical antipsychotics.- Other psychotic disorders,
ActionAlters the effect of dopamine in the CNS.Therapeutic effectsDiminished signs and symptoms of psychoses.PharmacokineticsAbsorption: Well absorbed following oral administration.Distribution: Widely distributed; crosses the placenta.Metabolism and Excretion: Mainly metabolized by the liver.Half-life: 30 hr.Time/action profile (antipsychotic effects)| ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION | | PO | days–wks | unknown | unknown |
Contraindications/PrecautionsContraindicated in: Hypersensitivity to thiothixene or other phenothiazines (cross-sensitivity may occur); Circulatory collapse; Blood dyscrasias; Central nervous system depression.Use Cautiously in: Geriatric: Geriatric or debilitated patients (initial dose reduction may be required); ↑ risk of mortality in elderly patients treated for dementia-related psychosis; Diabetes mellitus; Respiratory disease; Prostatic hypertrophy; CNS tumors; Epilepsy; Intestinal obstruction; Obstetric: Neonates at ↑ risk for extrapyramidal symptoms and withdrawal after delivery when exposed during the 3rd trimester; use only if benefit outweighs risk to fetus; Lactation / Pediatric: Safety not established. Discontinue drug or bottle feed.Adverse Reactions/Side EffectsCentral nervous system- neuroleptic malignant syndrome (life-threatening)
- extrapyramidal reactions
- sedation (most frequent)
- tardive dyskinesia
- seizures
Ear, Eye, Nose, Throat- blurred vision (most frequent)
- dry eyes (most frequent)
- lens opacities
Cardiovascular- hypotension
- tachycardia
- non-specific ECG changes
Gastrointestinal- constipation (most frequent)
- dry mouth (most frequent)
- anorexia
- ileus
- nausea
GenitourinaryDermatologic- photosensitivity (most frequent)
- pigment changes
- rashes
Endocrinologic- amenorrhea
- breast enlargement
- galactorrhea
Hematologic- agranulocytosis (life-threatening)
- leukocytosis
- leukopenia
- neutropenia
MetabolicMiscellaneousInteractionsDrug-Drug interactionAdditive hypotension with antihypertensives, acute ingestion of alcohol, and nitrates.Additive hypotension may occur if epinephrine is given to treat hypotension.Additive CNS depression with other CNS depressants, including alcohol, antihistamines, antidepressants, opioid analgesics, and sedative/hypnotics.Additive anticholinergic effects with other drugs having anticholinergic properties, including antihistamines, antidepressants, quinidine, or disopyramide.May ↓ the effectiveness of levodopa.↑ risk of cardiac effects with quinidine.Concomitant use of kava-kava, valerian, skullcap, chamomile, or hops can ↑ CNS depression.Route/DosageOral (Adults) Mild conditions—2 mg 3 times daily (up to 15 mg/day if necessary; Severe conditions—5 mg twice daily (up to 20–30 mg/day; not to exceed 60 mg/day).Availability (generic available)Capsules: 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg Nursing implicationsNursing assessment- Monitor patient’s mental status (orientation, mood, behavior) prior to and periodically during therapy.
- Assess weight and BMI initially and throughout therapy.
- Assess positive (hallucinations, delusions, agitation) and negative (social withdrawal) symptoms of schizophrenia.
- Observe patient carefully when administering medication to ensure that medication is actually taken and not hoarded or cheeked.
- Assess patient for level of sedation following administration.
- Monitor patient for onset of akathisia (restlessness or desire to keep moving) and extrapyramidal side effects (parkinsonian—difficulty speaking or swallowing, loss of balance control, pill rolling of hands, mask-like face, shuffling gait, rigidity, tremors; and dystonic—muscle spasms, twisting motions, twitching, inability to move eyes, weakness of arms or legs) every 2 mo during therapy and 8–12 wk after therapy has been discontinued. Parkinsonian effects are more common in geriatric patients and dystonias are more common in younger patients. Notify health care professional if these symptoms occur, because reduction in dosage or discontinuation of medication may be necessary. Trihexyphenidyl, diphenhydramine, or benztropine may be used to control these symptoms. Benzodiazpines may alleviate akathisia.
- Monitor for tardive dyskinesia (uncontrolled rhythmic movement of mouth, face, and extremities; lip smacking or puckering; puffing of cheeks; uncontrolled chewing; rapid or worm-like movements of tongue, excessive eye blinking). Notify health care professional immediately if these symptoms occur, as these side effects may be irreversible.
- Monitor for development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (fever, respiratory distress, tachycardia, convulsions, diaphoresis, hypertension or hypotension, pallor, tiredness, severe muscle stiffness, loss of bladder control). Notify health care professional immediately if these symptoms occur.
- •Monitor for symptoms related to hyperprolactinemia (menstrual abnormalities, galactorrhea, sexual dysfunction).
- Lab Test Considerations: Thiothixene ↑ serum prolactin levels and ↓ serum uric acid levels. May cause false-positive or false-negative pregnancy tests.
- Monitor CBC and differential prior to and periodically during therapy. Risk of leukopenia is highest between weeks 4 and 10 of therapy.
- Monitor liver function studies prior to and periodically during therapy. Risk of hepatotoxicity is greatest 2–4 wk after beginning therapy.
- Lab Test Considerations: Obtain fasting blood glucose and cholesterol levels initially and during therapy.
Potential Nursing DiagnosesDisturbed thought process (Indications)
Sexual dysfunction (Side Effects)
Risk for injury (Side Effects)
Implementation- Do not confuse Navane (thiothixene) with Norvasc (amlodipine).
- Oral: Administer capsules with food or milk to decrease gastric irritation.
Patient/Family Teaching- Instruct patient on need to take medication as directed. Take missed doses as soon as remembered unless 2 hr before next dose. Do not double doses. Patients on long-term high-dose therapy may need dose tapered to avoid withdrawal symptoms (dyskinesia, tremors, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting).
- Drowsiness may occur. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to medication is known.
- Inform patient of possibility of extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia. Caution patient to report these symptoms immediately to health care professional.
- Instruct patient to use frequent mouth rinses, good oral hygiene, and sugarless gum or candy to minimize dry mouth. Consult health care professional if dry mouth continues for >2 wk.
- Advise patient that increasing bulk and fluids in the diet and exercising may help minimize the constipating effects of this medication.
- Caution patient to use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent photosensitivity reactions.
- Caution patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol, other CNS depressants, and Rx, OTC, or herbal products without prior consulting health care professional.
- Caution patient to avoid exercising in hot weather and taking very hot baths, because this drug impairs temperature regulation.
- Instruct patient to notify health care professional promptly if sore throat, fever, skin rashes or discoloration, weakness, tremors, visual disturbances, menstrual abnormalities, galactorrhea or sexual dysfunction are noted.
- Refer as appropriate for nutritional/weight management and medical management.
- Advise patient to notify health care professional of medication regimen prior to treatment or surgery.
- Emphasize the importance of continued medical follow-up for psychotherapy, eye exams, and laboratory tests, and to monitor response to medication and detect side effects.
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes- Decrease in positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, agitation) of schizophrenia.
- Decrease in excited, manic behavior.
Navane (năv′ān′) A trademark for the drug thiothixene.Navane
Synonyms for Navanenoun a tranquilizer (trade name Navane) used to treat schizophreniaSynonymsRelated Words- antipsychotic
- antipsychotic agent
- antipsychotic drug
- major tranquilizer
- major tranquilliser
- major tranquillizer
- neuroleptic
- neuroleptic agent
- neuroleptic drug
- brand
- brand name
- marque
- trade name
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