| 释义 |
lighting
light·ing L0163500 (lī′tĭng)n.1. The state of being lighted; illumination.2. a. The method or equipment used to provide artificial illumination.b. The illumination so provided.3. The act or process of igniting.lighting (ˈlaɪtɪŋ) n1. the act or quality of illumination or ignition2. (Film) the apparatus for supplying artificial light effects to a stage, film, or television set3. (Art Terms) the distribution of light on an object or figure, as in painting, photography, etclight•ing (ˈlaɪ tɪŋ)
n. 1. the act of igniting or illuminating. 2. the arrangement of lights to achieve particular effects. 3. an effect achieved by the arrangement of lights. 4. the way light falls upon a face, object, etc., esp. in a picture. [before 1000] Lighting See Also: BRIGHTNESS, SHINING - All lit up like warships in a foggy port —Amos Oz
- Everything lit up like a disco on Saturday night —Loren D. Estleman
- A glittering neon sign like wolves’ eyes —Elizabeth Bowen
- The gray light of the winter dawn lit the bedroom like a dreary fake impressionistic painting —Jerry Bumpus
- The house [with all lights on] blazed like a stage set —T. Coraghessan Boyle
See Also: LIGHTING - Light as a paper airplane (and as elegant) —Marge Piercy
- Lighted windows [at dawn] were scattered like yellow diamonds on black velvet —Loren D. Estleman
- Lighting streaked the snow. Like the urine of dogs by trees —William H. Gass
- (Offices … in which) light is a kind of yellow fluid, like old shellac —Scott Turow
In his novel, Presumed Innocent, Scott Turow uses this comparison to paint a picture of the “Dickensenian” atmosphere in which the hero’s fellow lawyers work. - The light seemed to be draining away like flood-water —Kenneth Grahame
- Lights glittered … like a diamond necklace round the neck of a lovely signorina —Donald Seaman
- Lights … pouring over us like scalding milk —Ira Wood
- The lights (of the bridge) were like strings of pearls hanging up in the air —Cornell Woolrich
- The light was golden like the flesh of women —Thomas Wolfe
- Like moons around Jupiter, pale moths revolved about a lone lamp —Vladimir Nabokov
- (The big glass window was) lit like a stage —Frank Tuohy
- (The place was) lit up like a birthday cake —Jayne Anne Phillips
- Lit up like a midway —Tom Robbins
- Lit up like a paper lantern —Willis Johnson
- Lit up like a whorehouse on Saturday night —Loren D. Estleman
- Lit up like skyscrapers or planes taking off —Marge Piercy
- [A truck] plastered with lights like a beer-joint —Carlos Baker
- Streetlights cast their shadows on the wall like a sharp, white condolence —Ariel Dorfman
- The street lights shone like tiny beads on a string —David Huddle
- When the lamps in the house are lighted it is like the flowering of lotus on the lake —Chinese proverb
- Windows [of a building] glowing like those of a lighted card-board house under a Christmas tree —Willa Cather
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  lighting - having abundant light or illumination; "they played as long as it was light"; "as long as the lighting was good"lightillumination - the degree of visibility of your environment | | 2. | lighting - apparatus for supplying artificial light effects for the stage or a filmapparatus, setup - equipment designed to serve a specific functionbacklighting - lighting from behind | | 3. | lighting - the craft of providing artificial light; "an interior decorator must understand lighting"interior design, interior decoration - the trade of planning the layout and furnishings of an architectural interior | | 4. | lighting - the act of setting something on firekindling, firing, ignition, inflammationburning, combustion - the act of burning something; "the burning of leaves was prohibited by a town ordinance" |
lightingnounThe act of physically illuminating or the condition of being filled with light:illumination, light.Translationslight1 (lait) noun1. the brightness given by the sun, a flame, lamps etc that makes things able to be seen. It was nearly dawn and the light was getting stronger; Sunlight streamed into the room. 光 光2. something which gives light (eg a lamp). Suddenly all the lights went out. 燈 灯3. something which can be used to set fire to something else; a flame. Have you got a light for my cigarette? 點火物 点火物4. a way of viewing or regarding. He regarded her action in a favourable light. 見解 见解 adjective1. having light; not dark. The studio was a large, light room. 明亮的 明亮的2. (of a colour) pale; closer to white than black. light green. 淡色的 淡色的 verb – past tense, past participle lit (lit) , ˈlighted – 1. to give light to. The room was lit only by candles. 照亮 照亮2. to (make something) catch fire. She lit the gas; I think this match is damp, because it won't light. 點燃 点燃ˈlightness noun 光亮 光亮ˈlighten verb to make or become brighter. The white ceiling lightened the room; The sky was lightening. 照亮 照亮ˈlighter noun something used for lighting (a cigarette etc). 打火機 打火机ˈlighting noun a means of providing light. The lighting was so bad in the restaurant that we could hardly see. 照明設備 照明lighthouse noun a building built on rocks, coastline etc with a (flashing) light to guide or warn ships. 燈塔 灯塔ˈlight-year noun the distance light travels in a year (nearly 9.5 million million kilometres). 光年 光年bring to light to reveal or cause to be noticed. The scandal was brought to light by the investigations of a journalist. 顯露，揭露 显露，揭露 come to light to be revealed or discovered. The manuscript came to light in a box of books at an auction. 顯露，出現 暴露in the light of taking into consideration (eg new information). The theory has been abandoned in the light of more recent discoveries. 考慮到 鉴于，由于，按照 light up1. to begin to give out light. Evening came and the streetlights lit up. 亮起 点着2. to make, be or become full of light. The powerful searchlight lit up the building; She watched the house light up as everyone awoke. 照亮 照亮3. to make or become happy. Her face lit up when she saw him; A sudden smile lit up her face. 使滿面春風，喜形於色 使变得喜悦，使兴奋起来 see the light1. to be born, discovered, produced etc. After many problems his invention finally saw the light (of day). 出生，出現，問世 出世，出现，问世 2. to be converted to someone else's point of view etc. 領悟 领悟set light to to cause to begin burning. He set light to the pile of rubbish in his garden. 點燃 点燃lighting
gaslightingThe act of manipulating someone psychologically so that they begin to doubt their experience of reality. The phrase comes from the 1938 play Gas Light, in which the protagonist attempts to induce insanity in his wife by constantly questioning or doubting her reports of strange events, such as the dimming of the house's gas lights (which has in fact occurred and is related to the husband's nefarious activities). Her husband must be gaslighting her because she suddenly doubts all the evidence that she's found of his indiscretions. The administration has been accused of gaslighting with its repeated attempts to spread disinformation.See also: gaslightgaslightTo manipulate someone psychologically so that they begin to doubt their experience of reality. The phrase comes from the 1938 play Gas Light, in which the protagonist attempts to induce insanity in his wife by constantly questioning or doubting her reports of strange events, such as the dimming of the house's gas lights (which has in fact occurred and is related to the husband's nefarious activities). Her husband must be gaslighting her because she suddenly doubts all the evidence that she's found of his indiscretions. The administration has been accused of gaslighting with its repeated attempts to spread disinformation.light up1. To brighten or illuminate something. Fireworks lit up the night sky.2. To become illuminated. The street lamps light up at dusk.3. To focus a light source on someone or something. The flashlight lit up a stray cat in the bushes.4. To become noticeably excited or animated at the sight of someone or something. I'm sure she likes you—she just lights up whenever you're around.5. To cause someone to become noticeably excited or animated. In this usage, a noun or pronoun can be used between "light" and "up." I'm sure she likes you—you just light her up whenever you're around.6. To light something that can be smoked, such as a cigarette. Please don't light up in my new car—I don't want it to smell like smoke.7. To ignite something. I used a match to light up the pilot on the stove.8. To become ignited or begin to burn. The firewood still hasn't lit up—what am I doing wrong?See also: light, uplight the (blue) touch paperTo do something that instigates or initiates some intense or widespread action or reaction. Primarily heard in UK. Their goal late in the first half seemed to light the blue touch paper for the team—they've shown much more energy and aggression on the pitch since then. The proposed law has lit the touch paper for activists, who have been gathering people and resources to protest it en masse.See also: light, paper, touchlight the fuseTo do something that instigates or initiates some intense, dangerous, and widespread action or reaction. Many have accused the leader of lighting the fuse for war with his inflammatory remarks. The law seems poised to light the fuse for protests across the nation should it be passed.See also: fuse, lightgreen light1. verb To permit someone or something to proceed. Likened to the green light of a traffic signal. Do you think the production company will green light our film?2. noun Permission to proceed with some action or task. We're just waiting to get the green light from our managers before we release the latest software update.See also: green, lightlight (up)on1. To land or rest upon something. The large black crow lighted on the telephone wire high above the street. As he walked into the room, his eyes lighted upon a gorgeous woman wearing a red dress.2. To arrive at a thought or idea. The engineer lighted on a mathematical solution to the problem he'd been trying to solve all week.3. To chance or happen upon; to discover by luck or chance. We'd been lost in the woods for hours. Thankfully, we eventually lit upon a small stream that led us to the lake next to the campground.See also: lightlight outTo flee hastily; to clear out or depart quickly. We lit out for the safe house as soon as we heard the police sirens in the distance. Everyone else started to light out of there when the manager announced he would be taking volunteers for weekend work.See also: light, outlight (something) with (something)1. To ignite or set fire to something with some incendiary means. If you prepare your fire properly with kindling and newspaper, you should be able to light it with a single match. The chainsmoker lit a fresh cigarette with the end of his last one.2. To use something in order to cover or fill some space with light. We had to light the entire house with candles after the electricity went out. Police lit the building with floodlights in order to see every single window.See also: lightrisk of (some inclement weather)A significant chance of some kind of unpleasant weather, such as rain, snow, lightning, etc., occurring. I just heard that there's a risk of rain tomorrow. I hope our football game doesn't get canceled. You should never set off on a hike when there's a risk of lightning.See also: of, risklight out(for some place) Go to cut out (for some place).See also: light, outlight out (of some place) (for some place)Fig. to leave a place in a great hurry for some place. I lit out of there for home as fast as I could. I lit out of there as fast as I could go.See also: light, outlight someone or something upto shine lights on someone or something. (See also something up">light something up.) We lit Fred up with the headlights of the car. Light up the stage and let's rehearse.See also: light, uplight something up 1. to light a fire, a gas burner, etc. I lit the kindling up and soon the fire was going. You light up the stove and get dinner going. 2. to light something to smoke, such as a cigarette, pipe, etc. (See also someone or something up">light someone or something up.) She lit the cigarette up and took in a great breath of the smoke. She lit up a cigarette.See also: light, uplight up 1. to become brighter. Suddenly, the sky lit up like day. The room lit up as the fire suddenly came back to life. 2. [for someone] to become interested and responsive in something. We could tell from the way Sally lit up that she recognized the man in the picture. She lit up when we told her about our team's success.See also: light, uplight outLeave hastily, run away, as in Here comes the teacher-let's light out. This slangy idiom may allude to the nautical sense, that is, to move or lift anything along. [Slang; mid-1800s] See also: light, outlight up1. Become or cause to become more animated or cheerful, as in Her laughter lit up the whole room, or His face lit up when he saw her. This expression transfers physical illumination to human moods. Also see lighten up. [Mid-1700s] 2. Start smoking a cigar, cigarette, or pipe, as in The minute he got outside the church he lit up. [Colloquial; mid-1800s] See also: light, uplight the fuse If someone or something lights the fuse, they do something which starts something dangerous or exciting. An outbreak of the virus could light the fuse on the world's next pandemic. This event might have lit the fuse which later led to a depressive breakdown. Note: The fuse referred to here is the type that is used to set off a firework or explosive device. See also: fuse, lightgreen light permission to go ahead with a project. The green light referred to is the traffic signal indicating that traffic is free to move forward. Red and green lights were in use from the late 19th century in railway signals, but this figurative use of green light appears to date from the mid 20th century. 1997 New Scientist Zemin even got the green light to buy nuclear power plants. See also: green, lightlight the (or a) fuse (or touchpaper) do something that creates a tense or exciting situation. The image here is of lighting a fuse attached to gunpowder, fireworks, etc. in order to cause an explosion. A touchpaper , which is used in the same way as a fuse, is a twist of paper impregnated with saltpetre to make it burn slowly. 1998 Times The rejection of global capitalism may light a touchpaper in all those countries battered by the crisis. See also: fuse, lightlight outv. To leave someplace hastily: With only 30 minutes to get to the airport, we grabbed our bags and lit out. The robbers lit out of the bank once the alarm went off.See also: light, outlight upv.1. To illuminate or be illuminated: All the neon signs along the street light up at night.2. To cause something to illuminate or be illuminated: The morning sun lit up the room. The miners lit their headlamps up and descended into the shaft.3. To begin to burn: The gas burners lit up on the first try.4. To cause something to burn; ignite something: I lit up a match and started the fire. I'll get some wood and light a fire up.5. To ignite and begin smoking something, especially a cigarette, cigar, or pipe: I went out to the porch and lit up a cigar. He lit his pipe up with a match. She took a cigarette from the case and lit up.6. To become animated or cheerful: The children's eyes lit up when they saw the size of the cake.7. To cause someone or something to become animated or cheerful: The presence of the movie star lit up the room. He was feeling sad, but the surprise party lit his face up.See also: light, upgreen light n. the signal to go ahead with something; the okay. (see also go-ahead, high sign.) When we get the green light, we’ll start. See also: green, lightlighting
lighting, light produced by artificial means to allow visibility in enclosures and at night. For stage lighting, see scene design and stage lightingscene design and stage lighting,
settings and illumination designed for theatrical productions.
See also drama, Western; Asian drama; theater; directing; acting. Ancient Greece
..... Click the link for more information. . Early Sources of Artificial Lighting The earliest means of artificial lighting were the open fire, firebrands, and torches. The first lamplamp,
originally a vessel for holding oil or some combustible substance that could be burned through a wick for illumination; the term has been extended to other lighting devices.
..... Click the link for more information. was a dish of stone (later of clay, pottery, or metal) containing vegetable or animal oil and a wick. This was succeeded by the candlecandle,
cylinder of wax or tallow containing a wick, used for illumination or for ceremonial purposes. The evidence of ancient writings is not conclusive as to the history of the candle; words translated "candle" may have meant "torch" or "lamp," and the "candlestick" was
..... Click the link for more information. , first made of wax and later also of tallow, and by the lantern, which is of early origin. The Argand burner was an improved oil lamp with a burner and a chimney, and this type of lamp was widely used after the Canadian geologist Abraham Gesner popularized the use of kerosene. The Introduction of Gas as a Fuel Coal gas was first used as an illuminant in the late 18th cent. by the engineer William Murdock in England and by the engineer Philippe Lebon in Paris. It was used in London in 1802, in Baltimore in 1817, and in New York state in 1823. The invention of the Bunsen burnerBunsen burner,
gas burner, commonly used in scientific laboratories, consisting essentially of a hollow tube which is fitted vertically around the flame and which has an opening at the base to admit air. A smokeless, nonluminous flame of high temperature is produced.
..... Click the link for more information. by the German chemist Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and the invention of the Welsbach mantleWelsbach mantle
or Welsbach burner
[for C. A. von Welsbach], cylindrical framework of gauze impregnated with oxides of thorium and cerium. When heated in a gas flame, it produces a very bright light because of the incandescence of the oxides.
..... Click the link for more information. , a device developed by the Austrian scientist Carl von Welsbach that gives off bright light when placed over a flame, greatly stimulated the use of gas for lighting purposes. Electric Lighting Comes of Age The first development in electric lighting was the arc lamp, which was evolved from the carbon-arc lamp demonstrated in 1801 by Sir Humphry Davy, in which an electric current bridges a gap between two carbon rods and forms a bright discharge called an arc. Early lamps of this type were made with an open arc; later ones were enclosed in glass and thus made more practicable. Carbon-arc street lamps, first produced by the American scientist Charles F. Brush, were used in Cleveland in 1879 and soon came into wide use in other cities. The mercury-vapor electric lamp was devised by the American inventor Peter Cooper Hewitt in 1903. This type of lamp makes use of a pool of mercury liquid in a condition of high vacuum; when an electric current passes through the mercury it produces ionized vapor, which gives off a blue-green light. Modern improvements have given this lamp a much greater efficiency. The neon lamp, developed by the French physicist Georges Claude in 1911, has been largely used in commercial signs. The Incandescent Lamp The incandescent electric lamp, in which an electric current passing through a resistance filament (e.g., one of carbon and tungsten) enclosed in a vacuum tube heats the filament until it glows, was developed by the American electrician Moses G. Farmer in 1858–59 but was not practicable. Sir Joseph Swan in England and Thomas Edison in the United States, working independently, developed lamps of this kind; the lamp patented by Edison in 1879 was the first widely marketed incandescent lamp and was the forerunner of the modern Mazda lamp that utilizes a filament of drawn tungsten hermetically sealed in a glass envelope. A gas-filled incandescent lamp was invented by the American chemist Irving Langmuir in 1913. In the United States, the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 mandated the sale of more energy-efficient incandescent (and other) lamps; the phase-in of the requirement for lamps that use 30% less energy began in 2012. The Fluorescent Lamp The French physicist A. E. Becquerel constructed a fluorescent lamp and described (1867) the preparation of fluorescent tubes basically similar to those made today. Considerable progress in developing fluorescent lighting was made in several European countries, and during the 1920s high-voltage fluorescent tubes were used in advertising signs. In the United States the first practical hot-cathode, low-voltage fluorescent lamp was marketed in 1938. This is the form of lamp still commonly used. It consists of a long, sealed glass tube with an electrode at each end; a small amount of mercury is contained within the tube. The inside surface of the tube is coated with a mixture of fluorescent powders. When an electric current is maintained through the lamp, the mercury becomes vaporized and gives off invisible ultraviolet radiation that is absorbed by the fluorescent coating. The coating then emits visible light. The fluorescent lamp is often easily distinguished by its tubular design—straight, circular, or bent in a U or other shape. Compact fluorescent lamps, usually designed to screw into the socket originally made for an incandescent lamp, are now also shaped to resemble the less efficient incandescent lamps that they are intended to replace. Contemporary Lighting Technology The search for efficient artificial lighting during the 20th cent. first focused on improving incandescent lamp technology and high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps. The tungsten-halogen lamp, often called a halogen lamp, like the other incandescent lamps uses a tungsten filament as the light source, a gas filling that includes a halogenhalogen
[Gr.,=salt-bearing], any of the chemically active elements found in Group 17 of the periodic table; the name applies especially to fluorine (symbol F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I).
..... Click the link for more information. , and a quartz bulb. The halogens help preserve the filament and prevent lamp walls from darkening as quickly as those of the other incandescent lamps by causing the tungsten that evaporates during lighting to be redeposited on the filament instead of the bulb; more light is thus available to the task or work surface. HID is the term commonly used to designate four distinct types of lamps—mercury vapor, metal halide, high-pressure sodium, and low-pressure sodium—that actually have very little in common. The mercury vapor lamp produces light when the electrical current passes through a small amount of mercury vapor. The color rendering qualities of the mercury vapor lamp are not as good as those of incandescent and fluorescent lamps. The metal halide lamp is similar to the mercury vapor lamp, the major difference being that the metal halide lamp contains various metal halide additives in addition to mercury vapor. The efficiency of metal halide lamps is twice that of mercury vapor lamps. Some of the newer metal halide lamps provide color similar to that of incandescent lamps while others emulate daylight. The high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamp has the highest lamp efficiency of all lamps commonly used indoors. It produces a golden-white light when electricity passes through a sodium vapor. The low-pressure sodium (LPS) lamp, the most efficient of all, is used where color is not important because all colors illuminated by an LPS light source appear as tones of gray or yellow. The most promising technology is that of the light-emitting diodediode
, two-terminal electronic device that permits current flow predominantly in only one direction. Most diodes are semiconductor devices; diode electron tubes are now used only for a few specialized applications.
..... Click the link for more information. (LED). A tiny semiconductorsemiconductor,
solid material whose electrical conductivity at room temperature is between that of a conductor and that of an insulator (see conduction; insulation). At high temperatures its conductivity approaches that of a metal, and at low temperatures it acts as an insulator.
..... Click the link for more information. microchip, an LED consumes little power, is long lasting, and is relatively inexpensive. It produces visible or infrared light when subjected to an electric current. First demonstrated in 1962 and appearing in a commercial product in 1968, LEDs were limited to small applications until 1985, when more powerful LEDs were produced. Their major limitation was that only red and green microchips were possible. In 1993 researchers at several universities in the United States and Japan developed an LED that produced blue light, which in conjunction with the red and green chips could produce white light. This made the LED a major player in illumination technology, and LED lightbulbs that can replace incandescent and compact fluorescent ones have been developed. The discovery of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), made with plastics rather than silicon and other traditional semiconductor materials, opened the door for many specialty applications under the mantle of solid-state lighting. LEDs also offer the possibility of adjustable colors, permitting the use of lighting that enhances alertness during the daytime and aids sleeping during the nighttime, or that enhances different aspects of crop growth during a plant's life cycle. Functional Selection of Lighting The incandescent lamp was long the basic light source, and still remains the one in most common use, though it is being superseded by compact fluorescent and LED lamps. While the least expensive to buy, it is the most expensive to own due to its low efficiency and relatively short life. The fluorescent lamp is the second most common light source. It is widely used in factories, offices, stores, and public buildings because it produces far more light for the same expenditure of electricity than do incandescent lamps. Compact fluorescent bulbs that can act as replacements for standard incandescent bulbs are sold for their long life and energy efficiency. However, to many observers the colors of objects illuminated by a fluorescent lamp often appear quite different than they would appear if the objects were illuminated by an incandescent lamp or sunlight. More efficient LED lamps that also are capable of producing a more natural light than fluorescent lamps are increasingly replacing both fluorescent and incandescent lamps, especially in commercial settings. Sodium vapor lamps are used on some highways, as are color-corrected mercury-vapor discharge lamps. Tungsten-halogen lamps are used for lighting sports arenas and stadiums, in automobile headlights, and for residential lighting. Xenon lamps are used in flash photography as well as in cinema projectors and lighthouses. lighting1. The various processes, systems, forms, and/or equipment used to provide light and illumination. 2.See accent lighting, cove lighting, etc.lighting1. the apparatus for supplying artificial light effects to a stage, film, or television set 2. the distribution of light on an object or figure, as in painting, photography, etc. MedicalSeelightSee LX
See LXlighting
Synonyms for lightingnoun the act of physically illuminating or the condition of being filled with lightSynonymsSynonyms for lightingnoun having abundant light or illuminationSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun apparatus for supplying artificial light effects for the stage or a filmRelated Words- apparatus
- setup
- backlighting
noun the craft of providing artificial lightRelated Words- interior design
- interior decoration
noun the act of setting something on fireSynonyms- kindling
- firing
- ignition
- inflammation
Related Words |