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mosaic
Mo·sa·ic M0432100 (mō-zā′ĭk)adj. Of or relating to Moses or the laws and writings attributed to him.
mo·sa·ic M0432100 (mō-zā′ĭk)n.1. a. A picture or decorative design made by setting small colored pieces, as of stone or tile, into a surface.b. The process or art of making such pictures or designs.2. A composite picture made of overlapping, usually aerial, photographs.3. Something that resembles a mosaic: a mosaic of testimony from various witnesses.4. Botany A viral disease of plants, resulting in light and dark areas in the leaves, which often become shriveled and dwarfed.5. An array of photosensitive elements in a video camera that react to light and are scanned by other components to compose an image.6. Biology An individual exhibiting mosaicism.tr.v. mo·sa·icked, mo·sa·ick·ing, mo·sa·ics 1. To make by mosaic: mosaic a design on a rosewood box.2. To adorn with or as if with mosaic: mosaic a sidewalk.
[Middle English musycke, from Old French mosaique, from Old Italian mosaico, from Medieval Latin mūsāicum, neuter of mūsāicus, of the Muses, from Latin Mūsa, Muse, from Greek Mousa; see men- in Indo-European roots.]
mo·sa′i·cist (mō-zā′ĭ-sĭst) n.mosaic (məˈzeɪɪk) n1. (Art Terms) a design or decoration made up of small pieces of coloured glass, stone, etc2. (Art Terms) the process of making a mosaic3. (Plant Pathology) a. a mottled yellowing that occurs in the leaves of plants affected with any of various virus diseasesb. Also called: mosaic disease any of the diseases, such as tobacco mosaic, that produce this discoloration4. (Genetics) genetics another name for chimera45. (Surveying) an assembly of aerial photographs forming a composite picture of a large area on the ground6. (Electrical Engineering) a light-sensitive surface on a television camera tube, consisting of a large number of granules of photoemissive material deposited on an insulating medium[C16: via French and Italian from Medieval Latin mōsaicus, from Late Greek mouseion mosaic work, from Greek mouseios of the Muses, from mousa Muse] mosaicist n
Mosaic (məʊˈzeɪɪk) or Mosaicaladj (Ecclesiastical Terms) of or relating to Moses or the laws and traditions ascribed to himmo•sa•ic (moʊˈzeɪ ɪk)
n., adj., v. -icked, -ick•ing. n. 1. a picture or decoration made of small, usu. colored pieces of inlaid stone, glass, etc. 2. the process of producing such a picture or decoration. 3. something resembling a mosaic, esp. in being made up of diverse elements: a cultural mosaic. 4. Also called photomosaic. an assembly of aerial photographs matched to show a continuous photographic representation of an area. 5. Also called mosa′ic disease`. any of several diseases of plants, characterized by mottled green or green and yellow areas on the leaves, caused by certain viruses. 6. an organism exhibiting mosaicism. adj. 7. pertaining to, resembling, or used for making a mosaic or mosaic work: a mosaic tile. 8. composed of a combination of diverse elements. v.t. 9. to make a mosaic of or from. 10. to decorate with mosaic. [1350–1400; Middle English < Middle French mosaïque < Italian mosaico < Medieval Latin musaicum; orig. obscure] mo•sa′i•cal•ly, adv. mo•sa′i•cist (-ə sɪst) n. Mo•sa•ic (moʊˈzeɪ ɪk) also Mo•sa′i•cal,
adj. of or pertaining to Moses or the writings, laws, and principles attributed to him. [1655–65; < New Latin Mosaicus < Late Latin Mōs(ēs) Moses1] mosaicAn assembly of overlapping photographs that have been matched to form a continuous photographic representation of a portion of the surface of the Earth. See also controlled mosaic; semi-controlled mosaic.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  mosaic - art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glassart, fine art - the products of human creativity; works of art collectively; "an art exhibition"; "a fine collection of art"tessera - a small square tile of stone or glass used in making mosaics | | 2. | mosaic - viral disease in solanaceous plants (tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco) resulting in mottling and often shriveling of the leavesplant disease - a disease that affects plantspotato mosaic - a disease of the leaves of potato plantstobacco mosaic - a plant disease causing discoloration of the leaves of tobacco plants | | 3. | Mosaic - a freeware browser | | 4. | mosaic - a pattern resembling a mosaicpattern, form, shape - a perceptual structure; "the composition presents problems for students of musical form"; "a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them" | | 5. | mosaic - transducer formed by the light-sensitive surface on a television camera tubetelevision camera, tv camera, camera - television equipment consisting of a lens system that focuses an image on a photosensitive mosaic that is scanned by an electron beamtransducer - an electrical device that converts one form of energy into another | | 6. | mosaic - arrangement of aerial photographs forming a composite picturearial mosaic, photomosaicphoto, photograph, pic, exposure, picture - a representation of a person or scene in the form of a print or transparent slide; recorded by a camera on light-sensitive material | | Adj. | 1. | Mosaic - of or relating to Moses or the laws and writings attributed to him; "Mosaic Law" |
Translationsmosaic (məˈzeiik) noun (the art of making) a design formed by fitting together small pieces of coloured marble, glass etc. 馬賽克鑲嵌，馬賽克鑲嵌工藝 马赛克镶嵌工艺Mosaic
mosaic (mōzā`ĭk), art of arranging colored pieces of marble, glass, tile, wood, or other material to produce a surface ornament. Ancient Mosaics In Egypt and Mesopotamia, furniture, small architectural features, and jewelry were occasionally adorned with inset bits of enamel, glass, and colored stone. Early Greek mosaics (5th–4th cent. B.C.) uncovered at Olynthus were worked in small natural pebbles. The use of cut cubes or tesserae was introduced from the East after the Alexandrian conquest. Roman floor mosaics were probably based upon Greek examples, and glass mosaics applied to columns, niches, and fountains can be seen at Pompeii. In Italy and the Roman colonies the floor patterns were produced both by large slabs of marble in contrasting colors (opus sectile) and by small marble tesserae (opus tessellatum). The tessera designs varied from simple geometrical patterns in black and white to huge pictorial arrangements of figures and animals; examples were found in Rome, Pompeii, Antioch and Zeugma (S Turkey), and N Africa. Early Christian Mosaics In the early centuries A.D. glass mosaics brought color and decoration to the broad walls of the basilicas. By the 4th cent. the triumphal arch between nave and apse and the walls above the nave arcades received mosaic adornment, while the entire domed apse was lined with a mosaic picture, generally of Jesus surrounded by saints and apostles. In this period Byzantium (later Constantinople) became the center of the craft, which reached perfection in the 6th cent. Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia
[Gr.,=Holy Wisdom] or Santa Sophia,
Turkish Aya Sofia, originally a Christian church at Constantinople (now İstanbul), later a mosque, and now converted into a museum.
..... Click the link for more information. exhibits glittering gold backgrounds—a special feature of Eastern mosaic art, which later spread to the West. A gold tessera was produced by applying gold leaf to a glass cube and covering it with a thin glass film to protect against tarnishing; for the other tesserae the colors were produced by metallic oxides. The tesserae were set by hand in the damp cement mortar, and the resulting irregularities, causing the facets to reflect at different angles, were an essential factor of effect. In the 5th and 6th cent. RavennaRavenna
, city (1991 pop. 135,844), capital of Ravenna prov., in Emilia-Romagna, N central Italy, near the Adriatic Sea (with which it is connected by a canal). It is an agricultural market, canal port, and an important industrial center.
..... Click the link for more information. became the Western center of mosaic art, and the Ravenna masterworks (e.g., the decoration of San Vitale), as well as those in Rome, show the Byzantine characteristics of stylized rigidity in the figures. Medieval Mosaics Through the importation of Greek workmen, a revival took place in Italy in the 11th cent. which lasted into the 13th cent., producing the beautiful mural works of Rome, of Saint Mark's ChurchSaint Mark's Church,
Venice, named after the tutelary saint of Venice. The original Romanesque basilical church, built in the 9th cent. as a shrine for the saint's bones, was destroyed by fire in 967.
..... Click the link for more information. and Torcello at Venice, and of Palermo, Monreale, and Cefalù in Sicily. Rich medieval marble and mosaic floors with geometric patterns appeared in Italy, Sicily, and the East. In Russia, especially in Kiev, remarkable figural mosaics were set into the walls. From the 13th cent., mosaic in Italy and Sicily extended to many architectural elements, such as pulpits, bishops' thrones, paschal candlesticks, and the twisted columns of cloisters. These adornments are commonly termed Cosmati work, after the family of Roman artisans especially gifted in their execution. The rise of fresco decoration in the early 14th cent. in Italy superseded mosaic, which then began to deteriorate into mere simulation of painting, although it lingered in Venice, Greece, and Constantinople. Modern Mosaics The Gothic revival of the 19th cent. produced some modern attempts, as in Westminster Abbey and the houses of Parliament. In the 20th cent. the medium has been used with truer understanding of techniques, as in the modernist mosaics for the Stockholm town hall. In modern work the ancient system shares favor with a new method of fastening the tesserae with glue upon a paper cartoon drawn in reverse, applying fairly large sections of this into proper position upon the damp mortar, and then washing away the paper after the mortar has hardened and the tesserae have set. Bibliography See E. W. Anthony, A History of Mosaics (1935, repr. 1968); F. Rossi, Mosaics: A Survey of Their History and Techniques (1970); J. R. Clark, Roman Black-and-White Figural Mosaics (1985). MosaicA process of inlaying small pieces of stone, tile, glass or enamel into a cement or plaster matrix, making a pattern, design, or representational picture.     Mosaic a representational or nonrepresentational design executed with tesserae of pebbles, smalto, or ceramic tiles. One of the principal genres of monumental decorative art, mosaic is also used to embellish works of the decorative and applied arts. Less frequently, mosaics are in the form of portable pictures. A special type of mosaic work is inlay. Mosaic work involves affixing pieces of material with simple geometrical or intricate shapes (cut from a pattern) to a surface of lime, cement, mastic, or wax. There are two methods of making mosaics. The direct method involves pressing the tesserae into an adhesive that covers the surface to be decorated. The “reverse” method involves gluing the tesserae face down on a picture drawn on cardboard or cloth and then covering their backs with an adhesive; the temporary base is subsequently removed and the resultant block is mounted on a wall or ceiling. The most ancient mosaics that have been preserved are ornaments made from small, variously colored clay circles (found in Mesopotamian temples from the third millennium B.C.). Ancient Greek and Roman mosaic work, which was used primarily as floor coverings, evolved from simple nonrepresentational and representational decoration executed in pebbles to elaborate multicolored or black-and-white compositions made with cut stones, inlaid by the direct method, and polished after inlaying (resulting in their characteristic even surface sheen). Byzantine mosaics, made from smalto and (often semiprecious) stones, were left unpolished in order to achieve a special depth and resonance of color. Mosaics such as those in the Cathedral of St. Sophia in Constantinople, with their glittering surface and abundant use of gold, blended organically with the massive walls and enriched the interior space. Mosaic decoration also flourished in countries where Byzantine traditions were interpreted, for example, in Italy, Georgia (mosaics in the 12th-century Helati Monastery), and ancient Rus’ (llth- and 12th-century mosaics in the Cathedral of St. Sophia and the St. Michael Zlatoverkhii Monastery in Kiev). Western European Romanesque mosaics for the most part are purely ornamental. Beginning with the 13th century, tendencies toward a more realistic depiction of the world gradually led to the replacement of mosaics by paintings. In Italy in the 16th century there developed what are known as Florentine mosaics. Made from polished colored stones, they were used to adorn interiors and furniture. Mosaics executed entirely in smalto, which first become popular in the 17th century, imitate the effects of oil painting. In Islamic countries, as well as in medieval Spain and Portugal, colorful glazed-tile mosaics developed in the 13th and 14th centuries. In these mosaics the pieces, which are cut according to patterns, form intricate arabesques that are subordinated to the architecture. The best examples of 14th- and 15th-century Middle Asian mosaics include the facings of building portals in Samarkand and Bukhara and the domes of the Tiurabekkhanym mausoleum near Kunia-Urgench. In Russia the technique of smalto mosaic was revived in the 18th century by M. V. Lomonosov, under whose supervision portable portraits and battle scenes were executed in mosaic. In 1864 a department for the preparation of mosaics for St. Isaac’s Cathedral was organized by the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Artists and craftsmen working in the art nouveau and national-romantic styles (for example, the Spaniard A. Gaudí, the Austrian G. Klimt, and the Russian artists V. M. Vasnetsov and M. A. Vrubel’) frequently used tile mosaics. In contemporary mosaics, whose component pieces are usually large, compositions based on combinations of bold patches of local color predominate (works by R. Guttuso, F. Leger, D. Rivera, D. Siqueiros, and H. Erni). The art of mosaic has particularly flourished since the 1930’s as the result of growing interest in problems dealing with the synthesis of the arts. Among works by artists of the older generation, the best known were the smalto mosaics of A. A. Deineka and P. D. Korin, as well as the “Florentine” mosaics of G. I. Opryshko. Since the 1960’s, A. V. Vasnetsov, V. V. Mel’nichenko, D. M. Merpert, B. P. Miliukov, A. F. Rybachuk, B. A. Tal’berg, B. P. Chernyshev, and V. B. El’konin have produced striking examples of furniture decorated with mosaic. REFERENCESKarger, M. K. “K voprosu ob ubranstve inter’era v russkom zodchestve domongol’skogo perioda.” In Trudy Vserossiiskoi Akademii khudozhestv, Leningrad-Moscow, 1947.
Lazarev, V. N. Istoriia vizantiiskoizhivopisi, vols. 1–2, Moscow, 1947–48.
Tomaev, T. N. Reznaia maiolikovaia mozaika v arkhitekture Srednei Azii 14–15 vv. Moscow, 1951.
Vinner, A. V. Materialy i tekhnika mozaichnoi zhivopisi. Moscow, 1953.
Tolstoi, V. P. Sovetskaia monumental’naia zhivopis’. Moscow, 1958.
Chubova, A. P., and A. P. Ivanova. Antichnaia zhivopis’. Moscow, 1966.
Demus, O. Byzantine Mosaic Decoration. London, 1948.
Mosaique gréco-romaine. Paris, 1963.
Rossi, F. Mosaics. New York, 1970.
Lebedeva, V. Sovetskoe monumental’noe iskusstvo shestidesiatykh godov. Moscow, 1973.V. V. FILATOV mosaic[mō′zā·ik] (biology) An organism or part made up of tissues or cells exhibiting mosaicism. (electronics) A light-sensitive surface used in television camera tubes, consisting of a thin mica sheet coated on one side with a large number of tiny photosensitive silver-cesium globules, insulated from each other. (embryology) An egg in which the cytoplasm of early cleavage cells is of the type which determines its later fate. (petrology) Pertaining to a granoblastic texture in a rock formed by dynamic metamorphism in which the boundaries between individual grains are straight or slightly curved. Also known as cyclopean. Pertaining to a texture in a crystalline sedimentary rock in which contacts at grain boundaries are more or less regular. (science and technology) A surface pattern made by the assembly and arrangement of many small pieces. mosaic  mosaic, 1 1. A pattern formed by inlaying small pieces of stone, tile, glass, or enamel into a cement, mortar, or plaster matrix. 2. A form of surface decoration, similar to marquetry, but usually employing small pieces or bits of wood to create an inlaid design.mosaic In photogrammetry, an assembly of overlapping aerial photographs that have been matched to form a continuous photographic representation of a portion of the earth's surface. A mosaic may be controlled, semicontrolled, or uncontrolled. A controlled mosaic is one that is laid to ground control and in which prints are used that have been ratioed and rectified as shown necessary by the control. A semicontrolled mosaic is composed of corrected or uncorrected prints laid to a common basis of orientation other than ground control. An uncontrolled mosaic is composed of uncorrected prints, the details of which have been matched from print to print without ground control or another orientation. Also called an aerial mosaic.mosaic1. a design or decoration made up of small pieces of coloured glass, stone, etc. 2. the process of making a mosaic 3. Genetics another name for chimera4. a light-sensitive surface on a television camera tube, consisting of a large number of granules of photoemissive material deposited on an insulating medium
Mosaic, Mosaical of or relating to Moses or the laws and traditions ascribed to him Mosaic (World-Wide Web, tool)NCSA's browser (client) for theWorld-Wide Web.
Mosaic has been described as "the killer application of the1990s" because it was the first program to provide a slickmultimedia graphical user interface to the Internet'sburgeoning wealth of distributed information services(formerly mostly limited to FTP and Gopher) at a time whenaccess to the Internet was expanding rapidly outside itsprevious domain of academia and large industrial researchinstitutions.
NCSA Mosaic was originally designed and programmed for the X Window System by Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina at NCSA.Version 1.0 was released in April 1993, followed by twomaintenance releases during summer 1993. Version 2.0 wasreleased in December 1993, along with version 1.0 releases forboth the Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows. AnAcorn Archimedes port is underway (May 1994).
Marc Andreessen, who created the NCSA Mosaic researchprototype as an undergraduate student at the University of Illinois left to start Mosaic Communications Corporationalong with five other former students and staff of theuniversity who were instrumental in NCSA Mosaic's design anddevelopment.
http://ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Software/Mosaic/Docs/help-about.html.
ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/.
E-mail: (X version), (Macintosh), (Windows version), (general help).MosaicThe first multimedia browser for the Web, allowing text, images, sound and video to be accessed via a graphical user interface. Mosaic was created by Marc Andreessen, Eric Bina and others at the University of Illinois National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA).
The "Killer App" of the Web
Mosaic was released on the Internet in 1993 and became "the" application that caused the Web to explode. Originally developed for Unix, it was ported to Windows and Mac within a few months. Both Andreessen and Bina later went to work for Mosaic Corporation, which was formed to market Mosaic, but wound up developing the Netscape browser. The company was renamed Netscape, and the Netscape browser reigned supreme for a while.
The University eventually licensed Mosaic to Spyglass, Inc., which Microsoft acquired. Thus, the Mosaic browser ultimately evolved into Internet Explorer. See Web browser and Netscape.
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| Looking a bit outdated compared to today's browsers, Mosaic was nevertheless a major catalyst in revolutionizing the world. It helped the Web to explode, and ultimately, the Internet to go commercial. (Image courtesy of the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.) |
mosaic
mosaic [mo-za´ik] a pattern made of numerous small pieces fitted together; in genetics, occurrence in an individual of two or more cell populations each having a different chromosome complement.mo·sa·ic (mō-zā'ik), 1. Inlaid; resembling inlaid work. 2. The juxtaposition in an organism of genetically different tissues; it may occur normally (as in lyonization, q.v.), or pathologically, as an occasional phenomenon. From somatic mutation (gene mosaicism), an anomaly of chromosome division resulting in two or more types of cells containing different numbers of chromosomes (chromosome mosaicism), or chimerism (cellular mosaicism). [Mod. L. mosaicus, musaicus, pertaining to the Muses, artistic] mosaic (mō-zā′ĭk)n. Biology An individual exhibiting mosaicism.
mo·sa′i·cist (mō-zā′ĭ-sĭst) n.Referring to a sharply-defined tesselated patchwork of one ‘jig-saw’-shaped pattern imposed upon another of different color, tissue apearance or radiologic density
Genetics An individual with 2 or more genotypically or karyotypically distinct cell lines, arising from a single zygote by somatic mutation, crossing-over, or nondisjunction during mitotic division, an event more common in older mothers
Example Normal female mammal heterozygous for different alleles on the X chromosome; because of X chromosome inactivation, such females consist of two cell types, each with a different X chromosome inactivated, which results in a minor, epigenetic difference, in contrast to mosaic Turner syndrome in which some cells have no X chromosome at all
Gynaecology The mosaic pattern refers to vascular changes of interconnecting vessels resulting in a cobblestone or honeycomb surface appearance by colposcopy. Because the pattern is often associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), a cervix with a mosaic pattern should be biopsied
Informatics A proprietary web browser (Mosaic), which was the first multiplatform browser for Macintosh, Windows, and UNIX. It was partially responsible for the Web’s explosive growth, but has long since faded into obscuritymosaic adjective A patchwork of one sharply-defined 'jig-saw'-shaped pattern imposed upon another of different color, tissue pattern or radiologic density noun Genetics An individual with 2 or more genotypically or karyotypically distinct cell lines, arising from a single zygote by somatic mutation, crossing-over, or nondisjunction during mitotic division. See Chimera, Freemartin Ob/Gyn A vascular change of interconnecting vessels resulting in a cobblestone or honeycomb surface appearance by colposcopy, the mosaic pattern is often associated with CIN and mandates biopsy. mo·sa·ic (mō-zā'ik) 1. Inlaid; resembling inlaid work. 2. The juxtaposition in an organism of genetically different tissues; it may occur normally (as in lyonization, q.v.), or pathologically, as an occasional phenomenon. [Mod. L. mosaicus, musaicus, pertaining to the Muses, artistic]mosaic - any organism exhibiting a mixture of cells of different genetic makeup, such as a GYNANDROMORPH. See INACTIVE-X HYPOTHESIS. Plants showing this phenomenon are known as CHIMAERAS (1).
- a pattern of leaf-arrangement in a tree to maximize the exposure of the leaves to sunlight and thus the level of photosynthesis.
MosaicA term referring to a genetic situation, in which an individual's cells do not have the exact same composition of chromosomes. In Down syndrome, this may mean that some of the individual's cells have a normal 46 chromosomes, while other cells have an abnormal 47 chromosomes.Mentioned in: Down Syndrome, Turner SyndromeFinancialSeeWeb BrowserMOSAIC
| Acronym | Definition |
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| MOSAIC➣Multifunctional on-the-Move Secure Adaptive Integrated Communications | | MOSAIC➣Metal Oxide Semiconductor Advanced Integrated Circuit | | MOSAIC➣Macro Operation Symbolic Assembler and Information Compiler | | MOSAIC➣Mobility Strategy Applications in the Community (EU) | | MOSAIC➣Multifunctional On-the-move Secure Adaptive Integrated Communications (US Army Advanced Technology Demonstration) | | MOSAIC➣Modeling System for Advanced Investigation of Countermeasures | | MOSAIC➣Maui Optical Systems and Imaging Center (Kihei, HI) | | MOSAIC➣Models and Simulations: Army Integrated Catalog | | MOSAIC➣Meteosat Operational System for Data Acquisition and Interchange |
mosaic
Synonyms for mosaicnoun art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glassRelated Wordsnoun viral disease in solanaceous plants (tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco) resulting in mottling and often shriveling of the leavesRelated Words- plant disease
- potato mosaic
- tobacco mosaic
noun a pattern resembling a mosaicRelated Wordsnoun transducer formed by the light-sensitive surface on a television camera tubeRelated Words- television camera
- tv camera
- camera
- transducer
noun arrangement of aerial photographs forming a composite pictureSynonymsRelated Words- photo
- photograph
- pic
- exposure
- picture
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