Mach cone

Mach cone

[′mäk ‚kōn] (fluid mechanics) The cone-shaped shock wave theoretically emanating from an infinitesimally small particle moving at supersonic speed through a fluid medium; it is the locus of the Mach lines. The cone-shaped shock wave generated by a sharp-pointed body, as at the nose of a high-speed aircraft.

Mach Cone

 

a conical surface that bounds the region in a supersonic flow of gas in which the sound waves (perturbations) emanating from a point source A of the perturbations are concentrated (see Figure 1). In a homogeneous supersonic flow of gas, the angle a between the generatrices of the Mach cone and its axis is called the Mach angle; it is related to the Mach number by the equation sin a = 1/M

Figure 1. Mach cone that arises upon supersonic flow around an object

Mach cone

Mach coneThe cone-shaped shock wave produced by a sharp pointed object moving through the atmosphere at a speed greater than Mach 1. The area bounded by the sides of an oblique shock wave forms the Mach cone.