| 释义 |
mushroom
mush·room M0493700 (mŭsh′ro͞om′, -ro͝om′)n.1. a. Any of various fungi that produce a fleshy fruiting body, especially one consisting of a stalk with an umbrella-shaped cap.b. Any of such fungi that are edible, especially the widely cultivated species Agaricus bisporus, which includes the button, cremini, and portobello mushrooms.c. The usually aboveground fruiting body of any of such fungi.d. One of these fruiting bodies that produce hallucinations when ingested. Also called magic mushroom.2. Something shaped like one of these fungi.intr.v. mush·roomed, mush·room·ing, mush·rooms 1. To multiply, grow, or expand rapidly: The population mushroomed in the postwar decades.2. To swell or spread out into a shape similar to a mushroom.3. To collect wild mushrooms.adj.1. Relating to, consisting of, or containing mushrooms: mushroom sauce.2. Resembling mushrooms in rapidity of growth or evanescence: mushroom towns.
[Alteration (influenced by room) of Middle English musheron, from Anglo-Norman moscheron, musherum, from Old French mousseron, from Medieval Latin musariō, musariōn-.]mushroom (ˈmʌʃruːm; -rʊm) n1. (Botany) a. the fleshy spore-producing body of any of various basidiomycetous fungi, typically consisting of a cap (pileus) at the end of a stem arising from an underground mycelium. Some species, such as the field mushroom, are edible. Compare pileus, toadstoolb. (as modifier): mushroom soup. 2. (Botany) the fungus producing any of these structures3. a. something resembling a mushroom in shape or rapid growthb. (as modifier): mushroom expansion. vb (intr) 4. to grow rapidly: demand mushroomed overnight. 5. to assume a mushroom-like shape6. (Agriculture) to gather mushrooms[C15: from Old French mousseron, from Late Latin mussiriō, of obscure origin]mush•room (ˈmʌʃ rum, -rʊm)
n. 1. any of various fleshy fungi, including the toadstools, puffballs, coral fungi, and morels. 2. meadow mushroom. 3. anything of similar shape or correspondingly rapid growth. 4. a large, mushroom-shaped cloud of smoke or rubble, formed in the atmosphere as a result of an explosion, esp. a nuclear explosion. v.i. 5. to spread, grow, or develop quickly. 6. to gather mushrooms. 7. to assume the shape of a mushroom. [1560–65; alter. (by folk etym.) of late Middle English muscheron, musseroun < Middle French mousseron « Late Latin mussiriōn-, s. of mussiriō] mush·room (mŭsh′ro͞om′) Any of various fungi having a stalk topped by a fleshy, often umbrella-shaped cap. Some mushrooms are edible; others are poisonous.mushroom- mushroom - Before it was a mushroom, it was called either toadstool or funge, from Latin fungus; small mushrooms are called "buttons," medium-sized ones are "cups," and the largest are "flat" or "open" mushrooms.
- fly agaric - A mushroom with a narcotic juice that, in sufficient quantities, is poisonous.
- pileated - Etymologically means "capped," like a mushroom, but now refers to a bird with a crest on the top of the head from the bill to the nape.
- shiitake - Japanese for "evergreen beech, chinquapin" (shii) and "mushroom" (take).
mushroom
Past participle: mushroomed
Gerund: mushrooming
| Imperative |
|---|
| mushroom | | mushroom |
| Present |
|---|
| I mushroom | | you mushroom | | he/she/it mushrooms | | we mushroom | | you mushroom | | they mushroom |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I mushroomed | | you mushroomed | | he/she/it mushroomed | | we mushroomed | | you mushroomed | | they mushroomed |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am mushrooming | | you are mushrooming | | he/she/it is mushrooming | | we are mushrooming | | you are mushrooming | | they are mushrooming |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have mushroomed | | you have mushroomed | | he/she/it has mushroomed | | we have mushroomed | | you have mushroomed | | they have mushroomed |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was mushrooming | | you were mushrooming | | he/she/it was mushrooming | | we were mushrooming | | you were mushrooming | | they were mushrooming |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had mushroomed | | you had mushroomed | | he/she/it had mushroomed | | we had mushroomed | | you had mushroomed | | they had mushroomed |
| Future |
|---|
| I will mushroom | | you will mushroom | | he/she/it will mushroom | | we will mushroom | | you will mushroom | | they will mushroom |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have mushroomed | | you will have mushroomed | | he/she/it will have mushroomed | | we will have mushroomed | | you will have mushroomed | | they will have mushroomed |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be mushrooming | | you will be mushrooming | | he/she/it will be mushrooming | | we will be mushrooming | | you will be mushrooming | | they will be mushrooming |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been mushrooming | | you have been mushrooming | | he/she/it has been mushrooming | | we have been mushrooming | | you have been mushrooming | | they have been mushrooming |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been mushrooming | | you will have been mushrooming | | he/she/it will have been mushrooming | | we will have been mushrooming | | you will have been mushrooming | | they will have been mushrooming |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been mushrooming | | you had been mushrooming | | he/she/it had been mushrooming | | we had been mushrooming | | you had been mushrooming | | they had been mushrooming |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would mushroom | | you would mushroom | | he/she/it would mushroom | | we would mushroom | | you would mushroom | | they would mushroom |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have mushroomed | | you would have mushroomed | | he/she/it would have mushroomed | | we would have mushroomed | | you would have mushroomed | | they would have mushroomed |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  mushroom - common name for an edible agaric (contrasting with the inedible toadstool)agaric - a saprophytic fungus of the order Agaricales having an umbrellalike cap with gills on the undersidetoadstool - common name for an inedible or poisonous agaric (contrasting with the edible mushroom) | | 2. | mushroom - mushrooms and related fleshy fungi (including toadstools, puffballs, morels, coral fungi, etc.)agaric - a saprophytic fungus of the order Agaricales having an umbrellalike cap with gills on the underside | | 3. | mushroom - any of various fleshy fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota consisting of a cap at the end of a stem arising from an underground myceliumbasidiomycete, basidiomycetous fungi - any of various fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycotamorel - any of various edible mushrooms of the genus Morchella having a brownish spongelike cap | | 4. |  mushroom - a large cloud of rubble and dust shaped like a mushroom and rising into the sky after an explosion (especially of a nuclear bomb)mushroom cloud, mushroom-shaped cloudcloud - any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible | | 5. | mushroom - fleshy body of any of numerous edible fungiveg, vegetable, veggie - edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plantstuffed mushroom - mushrooms stuffed with any of numerous mixtures of e.g. meats or nuts or seafood or spinach | | Verb | 1. | mushroom - pick or gather mushrooms; "We went mushrooming in the Fall"cull, pick, pluck - look for and gather; "pick mushrooms"; "pick flowers" | | 2. | mushroom - grow and spread fast; "The problem mushroomed"grow - become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; "The problem grew too large for me"; "Her business grew fast" |
mushroomverb expand, increase, spread, boom, flourish, sprout, burgeon, spring up, shoot up, proliferate, luxuriate, grow rapidly The media training industry has mushroomed over the last decade.Mushrooms and other edible fungi black truffle, blewit, button mushroom, cep or porcini, champignon, chanterelle, horn of plenty, meadow mushroom, morel, oyster mushroom, puffball, shaggy ink cap or lawyer's wig, shiitake mushroom, straw mushroom, white truffle, wood ear mushroommushroomverbTo increase or expand suddenly, rapidly, or without control:explode, snowball.Translationsmushroom (ˈmaʃrum) noun a type of fungus, usually shaped like an umbrella, many varieties of which are edible. 蘑菇 蘑菇 verb to grow in size very rapidly. The town has mushroomed since all the new industry was brought in. 迅速增長 （蘑菇似地）迅速增长 mushroom
spring up like mushroomsTo increase in number suddenly and rapidly (as mushrooms often do). Even though I'm constantly tending to my garden, the weeds just spring up like mushrooms nonetheless. I thought I only had a transmission problem, but other issues with the car are now springing up like mushrooms.See also: like, mushroom, spring, uplike mushroomsVery quickly and in great quantities. Used in reference to things or people appearing or multiplying. As the economy recovered and jobs became more plentiful, high-rise apartments started popping up like mushrooms to accommodate the huge influx of worker pouring into the city. Self-professed writers started appearing like mushrooms with the advent of the blog.See also: like, mushroompsychedelic mushroomsPsilocybin mushrooms, which have psychoactive effects when ingested. I ate way too many psychedelic mushrooms and had the trippiest night of my life! They told me these were psychedelic mushrooms, but I don't really feel anything after eating them.See also: mushroommagic mushroomsPsilocybin mushrooms, which have psychoactive effects when ingested. I ate way too many magic mushrooms and had the trippiest night of my life! They told me these were magic mushrooms, but I don't really feel anything after eating them.See also: magic, mushroommushroom into (something)To increase, expand, or grow into something much larger in size, scope, or scale than something was initially, especially in a short space of time. We started out as a small mom-and-pop shop, but the business mushroomed into a huge nationwide chain in just a few years! What was a minor talking point during the beginning of his campaign has mushroomed into one of the key issues of this election.See also: mushroomsacred mushroomsPsilocybin mushrooms, which have psychoactive effects when ingested. I ate way too many sacred mushrooms and had the trippiest night of my life! They told me these were sacred mushrooms, but I don't really feel anything after eating them.See also: mushroom, sacredmushroom into somethingFig. to grow suddenly into something large or important. The question of pay suddenly mushroomed into a major matter. The unpaid bill mushroomed into a nasty argument and, finally, a court battle.See also: mushroomlike mushrooms suddenly and in great numbers.See also: like, mushroommagic mushrooms and sacred mushrooms n. mushrooms of the genus Psilocybe, which cause visions or hallucinations when eaten. (Drugs.) Magic mushrooms are okay because they are natural, or something like that. They sometimes call peyote cactus buds, the “sacred mushrooms.” See also: magic, mushroomsacred mushrooms verbSee magic mushroomsSee also: mushroom, sacredmushroom
mushroom, type of basidium fungus characterized by spore-bearing gills on the underside of the umbrella- or cone-shaped cap. The name toadstool is popularly reserved for inedible or poisonous mushrooms, but this classification has no scientific basis. The only safe way of distinguishing between the edible and the poisonous species is to learn to identify them. Some poisonous mushrooms are of the genus Amanita. The genus includes the fly agaric, Amanita muscaria, and the death angel or destroying angel, A. virosa. The use of edible mushrooms for food dates back at least to early Roman times. Originally a delicacy for the elite, mushrooms are now extensively grown on a commercial scale, especially the cultivated mushroom or champignon, Agaricus bisporus, and the shiitake mushroom, Lentinus edodes. Their culture requires careful control of temperature and humidity. The bulk of the crop in the United States is grown near Philadelphia. In Europe more than 50 species of mushrooms are marketed. Although mushrooms contain some protein and minerals, they are largely composed of water and hence are of limited nutritive value. The truffletruffle
[Fr.], subterranean edible fungus that forms a mutually beneficial (symbiotic) relationship with the roots of certain trees and plants. The part of the fungus used as food is the ascoma, the fruiting body of the fungus.
..... Click the link for more information. , puffballpuffball
or smokeball,
fungus in which the aboveground portion is typically a stemless brownish sac with an opening at the top through which issues the dustlike mass of ripe spores. The common puffball is Lycoperdon gemmatum. The giant puffball (L.
..... Click the link for more information. , and other edible fungi are sometimes also called mushrooms. In all cases the term mushroom is properly restricted to the above-ground portion, which is the reproductive organ. Mushrooms are classified in the kingdom FungiFungi
, kingdom of heterotrophic single-celled, multinucleated, or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. The organisms live as parasites, symbionts, or saprobes (see saprophyte).
..... Click the link for more information. , phylum (division) Basidiomycota. Bibliography See A. H. Smith and N. A. Weber, The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide (rev. ed. 1980); O. K. Miller, Jr., Mushrooms of North America (rev. ed. 1979); G. H. Lincoff, The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms (1981). Mushroom A macroscopic fungus with a fruiting body (also known as a sporocarp). Approximately 14% (10,000) described species of fungi are considered mushrooms. Mushrooms grow aboveground or underground. They have a fleshy or nonfleshy texture. Many are edible, and only a small percentage are poisonous. Mushrooms reproduce via microscopic spheres (spores) that are roughly comparable to the seeds of higher plants. Spores are produced in large numbers on specialized structures in or on the fruiting body. Spores that land on a suitable medium absorb moisture, germinate, and produce hyphae that grow and absorb nutrients from the substratum. If suitable mating types are present and the mycelium (the threadlike filaments or hyphae that become interwoven) develops sufficiently to allow fruiting, the life cycle will continue. In nature, completion of the life cycle is dependent on many factors, including temperature, moisture and nutritional status of the substratum, and gas exchange capacity of the medium. Fewer than 20 species of edible mushrooms are cultivated commercially. The most common cultivated mushroom is Agaricus bisporus, followed by the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.). China is the leading mushroom-producing country; Japan leads the world in number of edible species cultivated commercially. Mushrooms may be cultivated on a wide variety of substrates. They are grown from mycelium propagated on a base of steam-sterilized cereal grain. This grain and mycelium mixture is called spawn, which is used to seed mushroom substrata. Mushrooms contain digestible crude protein, all essential amino acids, vitamins (especially provitamin D-2), and minerals; they are high in potassium and low in sodium, saturated fats, and calories. Although they cannot totally replace meat and other high-protein food in the diet, they can be considered an important dietary supplement and a health food. Fungi have been used for their medicinal properties for over 2000 years. Although there remains an element of folklore in the use of mushrooms in health and medicine, several important drugs have been isolated from mushroom fruiting bodies and mycelium. The best-known drugs obtained are lentinan from L. edodes, grifolin from Grifola frondosa, and krestin from Coriolus versicolor. These compounds are protein-bound polysaccharides or long chains of glucose, found in the cell walls, and function as antitumor immunomodulatory drugs. See Fungi, Medical mycology mushroom[′məsh‚rüm] (mycology) A fungus belonging to the basidiomycetous order Agaricales. The fruiting body (basidiocarp) of such a fungus. mushroomsymbol of suspicion. [Plant Symbolism: Flower Symbolica, 310]See: Skepticismmushroom1. the fleshy spore-producing body of any of various basidiomycetous fungi, typically consisting of a cap (see pileus) at the end of a stem arising from an underground mycelium. Some species, such as the field mushroom, are edible 2. the fungus producing any of these structures mushroom
mushroom [mush´ro̳m] the fruiting body of any of a variety of fleshy fungi of the order Agaricales, especially one that is edible. Poisonous species are popularly called toadstools.mushroom poisoning poisoning resulting from ingestion of mushrooms; potentially deadly mushrooms include Amanita phalloides, A. verna, A. virosa, and certain other species that contain neurotoxins. Rapid identification of mushroom poisoning and treatment is critical. According to the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition of the Food and Drug Administration, persons who have ingested poisonous mushrooms and are treated immediately have a mortality rate of 10 per cent, whereas those who are treated 60 or more hours later have a 60 to 90 per cent mortality rate.mushroom Drug slang
noun A regional street term for psilocybin or psilocin mushrooms.
Toxicology
noun A poisonous mushroom. 50 of 2000 species of mushrooms are poisonous; the major toxin is a cyclic octapeptide amanitine, a selective RNA polymerase-II inhibitor present in Amanita and Galerina species. Amanita phalloides causes most mushroom deaths; mortality is 40–90%.
Vox populi
adjective A descriptive term for a structure or appearance consisting of a terminal expansion of a cylindrical structure.mushroom adjective A descriptor for a thermonuclear explosion-like terminal expansion of a cylindrical structure. See Mushroom appearance, Mushroom lesion, Mushroom pattern noun Drug slang A street term for psilocybin or psilocin Toxicology 50 of 2000 species of mushrooms are poisonous; the major toxin is amanitine, a selective RNA polymerase II inhibitor present in Amanita and Galerina species; Amanita phalloides causes most mushroom deaths Mortality 40-90% Clinical Stage 1 Abrupt onset–6-24 hrs after ingestion, accompanied by abdominal pain, N&V, diarrhea, major fluid and electrolyte imbalances Stage 2 Apparent resolution, with asymptomatic renal and hepatic deterioration Stage 3 occurs by days 3-4, characterized by hepatorenal collapse, cardiomyopathy, DIC, convulsions, coma, death. See Poison mushroom, Power mushroom, Shiitake mushroom. mushroom the common name for the fruiting bodies of certain members of the BASIDIOMYCOTA, in the family Agaricaceae.mushroom
Synonyms for mushroomverb expandSynonyms- expand
- increase
- spread
- boom
- flourish
- sprout
- burgeon
- spring up
- shoot up
- proliferate
- luxuriate
- grow rapidly
Synonyms for mushroomverb to increase or expand suddenly, rapidly, or without controlSynonymsSynonyms for mushroomnoun common name for an edible agaric (contrasting with the inedible toadstool)Related WordsAntonymsnoun mushrooms and related fleshy fungi (including toadstools, puffballs, morels, coral fungi, etcRelated Wordsnoun any of various fleshy fungi of the subdivision Basidiomycota consisting of a cap at the end of a stem arising from an underground myceliumRelated Words- basidiomycete
- basidiomycetous fungi
- morel
noun a large cloud of rubble and dust shaped like a mushroom and rising into the sky after an explosion (especially of a nuclear bomb)Synonyms- mushroom cloud
- mushroom-shaped cloud
Related Wordsnoun fleshy body of any of numerous edible fungiRelated Words- veg
- vegetable
- veggie
- stuffed mushroom
verb pick or gather mushroomsRelated Wordsverb grow and spread fastRelated Words |