List of Holy Roman Emperors
Related article: Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire,
designation for the political entity that originated at the coronation as emperor (962) of the German king Otto I and endured until the renunciation (1806) of the imperial title by Francis II.
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Saxon dynasty | ||
Otto I, 936–73 | ||
Otto II, 973–83 | ||
Otto III, 983–1002 | ||
Henry II, 1002–24 | ||
Salian or Franconian dynasty | ||
Conrad II, 1024–39 | ||
Henry III, 1039–56 | ||
Henry IV, 1056–1105 | ||
Henry V, 1105–25 | ||
Lothair II, duke of Saxony, 1125–37 | ||
Hohenstaufen dynasty and rivals | ||
Conrad III, 1138–52 | ||
Frederick I, 1152–90 | ||
Henry VI, 1190–97 | ||
Philip of Swabia, 1198–1208 | ||
antiking: Otto IV (Guelph), 1198–1208 | ||
Otto IV, 1208–15 (king, 1208–12; emperor, 1209–15) | ||
Frederick II, 1212–50 (king, 1212–20; emperor, 1220–50) | ||
Conrad IV, 1237–54 | ||
antiking: Henry Raspe, 1246–47 | ||
antiking: William, count of Holland, 1247–56 | ||
Interregnum, 1254–73 | ||
Richard, earl of Cornwall, and Alfonso X of Castile, rivals | ||
Hapsburg, Luxemburg, and other dynasties | ||
Rudolf I (Hapsburg), 1273–91 | ||
Adolf of Nassau, 1292–98 | ||
Albert I (Hapsburg), 1298–1308 | ||
Henry VII (Luxemburg), 1308–13 | ||
Louis IV (Wittelsbach), 1314–46 | ||
Charles IV (Luxemburg), 1346–78 | ||
Wenceslaus (Luxemburg), 1378–1400 | ||
Rupert (Wittelsbach), 1400–1410 | ||
Sigismund (Luxemburg), 1410–37 | ||
Hapsburg dynasty | ||
Albert II, 1438–39 | ||
Frederick III, 1440–93 | ||
Maximilian I, 1493–1519 | ||
Charles V, 1519–58 | ||
Ferdinand I, 1558–64 | ||
Maximilian II, 1564–76 | ||
Rudolf II, 1576–1612 | ||
Matthias, 1612–19 | ||
Ferdinand II, 1619–37 | ||
Ferdinand III, 1637–57 | ||
Leopold I, 1658–1705 | ||
Joseph I, 1705–11 | ||
Charles VI, 1711–40 | ||
Interregnum (1740–42) and other dynasties | ||
Charles VII (Wittelsbach-Hapsburg), 1742–45 | ||
Francis I (Lorraine), 1745–65 | ||
Hapsburg-Lorraine dynasty | ||
Joseph II, 1765–90 | ||
Leopold II, 1790–92 | ||
Francis II, 1792–1806 |