List of Holy Roman Emperors
Related article: Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire,
designation for the political entity that originated at the coronation as emperor (962) of the German king Otto I and endured until the renunciation (1806) of the imperial title by Francis II.
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Saxon dynasty | ||
| Otto I, 936–73 | ||
| Otto II, 973–83 | ||
| Otto III, 983–1002 | ||
| Henry II, 1002–24 | ||
Salian or Franconian dynasty | ||
| Conrad II, 1024–39 | ||
| Henry III, 1039–56 | ||
| Henry IV, 1056–1105 | ||
| Henry V, 1105–25 | ||
| Lothair II, duke of Saxony, 1125–37 | ||
Hohenstaufen dynasty and rivals | ||
| Conrad III, 1138–52 | ||
| Frederick I, 1152–90 | ||
| Henry VI, 1190–97 | ||
| Philip of Swabia, 1198–1208 | ||
| antiking: Otto IV (Guelph), 1198–1208 | ||
| Otto IV, 1208–15 (king, 1208–12; emperor, 1209–15) | ||
| Frederick II, 1212–50 (king, 1212–20; emperor, 1220–50) | ||
| Conrad IV, 1237–54 | ||
| antiking: Henry Raspe, 1246–47 | ||
| antiking: William, count of Holland, 1247–56 | ||
Interregnum, 1254–73 | ||
| Richard, earl of Cornwall, and Alfonso X of Castile, rivals | ||
Hapsburg, Luxemburg, and other dynasties | ||
| Rudolf I (Hapsburg), 1273–91 | ||
| Adolf of Nassau, 1292–98 | ||
| Albert I (Hapsburg), 1298–1308 | ||
| Henry VII (Luxemburg), 1308–13 | ||
| Louis IV (Wittelsbach), 1314–46 | ||
| Charles IV (Luxemburg), 1346–78 | ||
| Wenceslaus (Luxemburg), 1378–1400 | ||
| Rupert (Wittelsbach), 1400–1410 | ||
| Sigismund (Luxemburg), 1410–37 | ||
Hapsburg dynasty | ||
| Albert II, 1438–39 | ||
| Frederick III, 1440–93 | ||
| Maximilian I, 1493–1519 | ||
| Charles V, 1519–58 | ||
| Ferdinand I, 1558–64 | ||
| Maximilian II, 1564–76 | ||
| Rudolf II, 1576–1612 | ||
| Matthias, 1612–19 | ||
| Ferdinand II, 1619–37 | ||
| Ferdinand III, 1637–57 | ||
| Leopold I, 1658–1705 | ||
| Joseph I, 1705–11 | ||
| Charles VI, 1711–40 | ||
Interregnum (1740–42) and other dynasties | ||
| Charles VII (Wittelsbach-Hapsburg), 1742–45 | ||
| Francis I (Lorraine), 1745–65 | ||
Hapsburg-Lorraine dynasty | ||
| Joseph II, 1765–90 | ||
| Leopold II, 1790–92 | ||
| Francis II, 1792–1806 | ||