Nikolai Anichkov

Born Oct. 22 (Nov. 3), 1885, in St. Petersburg; died Dec. 7, 1964, in Leningrad. Soviet pathomorphologist. Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR from 1939 and the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (AMN SSR) from 1944. President of the AMN SSR from 1946 to 1953. Lieutenant general in the medical service.

Anichkov graduated from the Military Medical Academy in 1909 and worked as a professor there from 1920 to 1946. Beginning in 1920 he was also head of the department of pathological anatomy at the AMN SSR’s Institute of Experimental Medicine. His primary work was devoted to vascular pathology; his writings on atherosclerosis and the morphology and function of the reticuloendothelial system are well known. Anichkov dealt in a new way with autoinfection in the origin of infection processes. He was a member of the Main Editorial Board of the second edition of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia and a deputy to the second convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. A recipient of the State Prize of the USSR in 1942 and the I. I. Mechnikov Prize in 1952, he was awarded three Orders of Lenin, three other orders, and various medals.