osmolal gap


osmolal gap

The difference between the measured osmolality of the plasma, and the calculated osmolality of the plasma (plasma glucose/18 + blood urea nitrogen/2.8 + sodium*2). A gap is present when the difference exceeds 10 mmol/kg of water. Osmolal gaps are present when unmeasured osmotically active solutes, such as toxins, e.g., methanol or ethylene glycol, are present in the plasma. See also: gap