| 释义 |
spindle
spindlea pin in a spinning wheel used for twisting and winding the thread; a pin bearing the bobbin for a spinning machine; a turned piece of wood used as a banister, chair leg, etc.
Not to be confused with:bobbin – a cylinder or cone for holding thread; a spool or reelspin·dle S0641300 (spĭn′dl)n.1. a. A rod or pin, tapered at one end and usually weighted at the other, on which fibers are spun by hand into thread and then wound.b. A similar rod or pin used for spinning on a spinning wheel.c. A pin or rod holding a bobbin or spool on which thread is wound on an automated spinning machine.2. Any of various mechanical parts that revolve or serve as axes for larger revolving parts, as in a lock, axle, phonograph turntable, or lathe.3. Any of various long thin stationary rods, as:a. A spike on which papers may be impaled.b. A baluster.4. Biology A cytoplasmic network composed of microtubules along which the chromosomes are distributed during mitosis and meiosis.5. Anatomy See muscle spindle.6. Coastal New Jersey See dragonfly.v. spin·dled, spin·dling, spin·dles v.tr.1. To furnish or equip with a spindle or spindles.2. To impale or perforate on a spindle: Do not fold, spindle, or mutilate this card.v.intr. To grow into a thin, elongated, or weak form.
[Middle English spindel, alteration of Old English spinel; see (s)pen- in Indo-European roots.]spindle (ˈspɪndəl) n1. (Textiles) a rod or stick that has a notch in the top, used to draw out natural fibres for spinning into thread, and a long narrow body around which the thread is wound when spun2. (Textiles) one of the thin rods or pins bearing bobbins upon which spun thread is wound in a spinning wheel or machine3. (Mechanical Engineering) any of various parts in the form of a rod, esp a rotating rod that acts as an axle, mandrel, or arbor4. (Building) a piece of wood that has been turned, such as a baluster or table leg5. (Building) a small square metal shaft that passes through the lock of a door and to which the door knobs or handles are fixed6. (Units) a measure of length of yarn equal to 18 hanks (15 120 yards) for cotton or 14 400 yards for linen7. (Biology) biology a spindle-shaped structure formed by microtubules during mitosis or meiosis which draws the duplicated chromosomes apart as the cell divides8. (Chemistry) a less common name for a hydrometer9. (Nautical Terms) a tall pole with a marker at the top, fixed to an underwater obstruction as an aid to navigation10. (Navigation) a tall pole with a marker at the top, fixed to an underwater obstruction as an aid to navigation11. (Commerce) a device consisting of a sharp upright spike on a pedestal on which bills, order forms, etc, are impaled12. (Plants) short for spindle treevb13. (tr) to form into a spindle or equip with spindles14. (Botany) (intr) rare (of a plant, stem, shoot, etc) to grow rapidly and become elongated and thin[Old English spinel; related to spinnan to spin, Old Saxon spinnila spindle, Old High German spinnala]spin•dle (ˈspɪn dl)
n., v. -dled, -dling. n. 1. a rounded rod, usu. of wood, tapering toward each end, used in hand-spinning to twist into thread the fibers drawn from the mass on the distaff, and on which the thread is wound as it is spun. 2. the rod on a spinning wheel by which the thread is twisted and on which it is wound. 3. one of the rods of a spinning machine that bear the bobbins on which the spun thread is wound. 4. any shaft, rod, or pin that turns around or on which something turns, as an axle, arbor, or mandrel. 5. a vertical shaft that serves to center a phonograph record on a turntable. 6. a measure of yarn containing, for cotton, 15,120 yards (13,825 m) and for linen, 14,400 yards (13,267 m). 7. a spindle-shaped structure, composed of microtubules, that forms near the cell nucleus during mitosis or meiosis and, as it divides, draws the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell. 8. a short, turned or circular ornament, as in a baluster or stair rail. v.t. 9. to give the form of a spindle to. 10. to provide or equip with a spindle or spindles. 11. to impale (a card or paper) on a spindle, as for sorting purposes. v.i. 12. to shoot up or grow into a long, slender stalk or stem, as a plant. 13. to grow tall and slender, often disproportionately so. [before 900; Middle English spindel (n.), Old English spin(e)l, c. Old Saxon, Old High German spinnila; see spin, -le] spin′dle•like`, adj. spin·dle (spĭn′dl) A network of cell fibers that forms in the nucleus during cell division. Duplicate strands of chromosomes attach along the center of the spindle before separating and moving to opposite ends of the cell. See more at meiosis, mitosis.spindle
Past participle: spindled
Gerund: spindling
| Present |
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| I spindle | | you spindle | | he/she/it spindles | | we spindle | | you spindle | | they spindle |
| Preterite |
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| I spindled | | you spindled | | he/she/it spindled | | we spindled | | you spindled | | they spindled |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am spindling | | you are spindling | | he/she/it is spindling | | we are spindling | | you are spindling | | they are spindling |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have spindled | | you have spindled | | he/she/it has spindled | | we have spindled | | you have spindled | | they have spindled |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was spindling | | you were spindling | | he/she/it was spindling | | we were spindling | | you were spindling | | they were spindling |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had spindled | | you had spindled | | he/she/it had spindled | | we had spindled | | you had spindled | | they had spindled |
| Future |
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| I will spindle | | you will spindle | | he/she/it will spindle | | we will spindle | | you will spindle | | they will spindle |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have spindled | | you will have spindled | | he/she/it will have spindled | | we will have spindled | | you will have spindled | | they will have spindled |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be spindling | | you will be spindling | | he/she/it will be spindling | | we will be spindling | | you will be spindling | | they will be spindling |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been spindling | | you have been spindling | | he/she/it has been spindling | | we have been spindling | | you have been spindling | | they have been spindling |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been spindling | | you will have been spindling | | he/she/it will have been spindling | | we will have been spindling | | you will have been spindling | | they will have been spindling |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been spindling | | you had been spindling | | he/she/it had been spindling | | we had been spindling | | you had been spindling | | they had been spindling |
| Conditional |
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| I would spindle | | you would spindle | | he/she/it would spindle | | we would spindle | | you would spindle | | they would spindle |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have spindled | | you would have spindled | | he/she/it would have spindled | | we would have spindled | | you would have spindled | | they would have spindled |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  spindle - (biology) tiny fibers that are seen in cell division; the fibers radiate from two poles and meet at the equator in the middle; "chromosomes are distributed by spindles in mitosis and meiosis"biological science, biology - the science that studies living organismsfiber, fibre - a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn | | 2. | spindle - a piece of wood that has been turned on a lathe; used as a baluster, chair leg, etc.piece - a separate part of a whole; "an important piece of the evidence"wood - the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees | | 3. |  spindle - any of various rotating shafts that serve as axes for larger rotating partsmandrel, mandril, arbordrive - (computer science) a device that writes data onto or reads data from a storage mediumrotating shaft, shaft - a revolving rod that transmits power or motion | | 4. | spindle - a stick or pin used to twist the yarn in spinningspinning frame - spinning machine that draws, twists, and winds yarnspinning wheel - a small domestic spinning machine with a single spindle that is driven by hand or footstick - an implement consisting of a length of wood; "he collected dry sticks for a campfire"; "the kid had a candied apple on a stick" | | 5. | spindle - any holding device consisting of a rigid, sharp-pointed object; "the spike pierced the receipts and held them in order"spikeholding device - a device for holding something |
spindlenoun pivot, pin, rod, axle Magnetic fields pull and push the spindle of the motor.Translationsspindle (ˈspindl) noun a thin pin on which something turns. I can't turn on the radio any more, because the spindle of the control knob has broken. (心)軸 （心）轴 ˈspindly adjective very long and thin. 細長的 细长的IdiomsSeefold, spindle, or mutilatespindle
spindle: see spinningspinning,
the drawing out, twisting, and winding of fibers into a continuous thread or yarn. From antiquity until the Industrial Revolution, spinning was a household industry. The roughly carded fiber was at first held in one hand and drawn out and twisted by the other hand.
..... Click the link for more information. .SpindleA turned-wood architectural element, produced on a lathe, and used as a banister or ornamental spindlework on porches and other locations. Spindle the principal operating member of slubbing, spinning, and twisting machines in textile production. The spindle serves to twist the product of the spinning and to wind it (slubbing, yarn, cord, and so on) onto a reel, spool holder, or bobbin. The hand spindle appeared in countries of the ancient Orient. Machines with spindles came into use in the second half of the 18th century. A distinction is made between spindles for natural fibers (cotton, wool, or linen) and chemical fibers. A spindle is a long, relatively thin, and flexible steel shaft of complex geometric form. It has two bearings, which as a rule are located on its lower part—roller and ball bearings and sliding step bearings. The upper part of the spindle is equipped with a cap whose configuration is determined by the form of packaging of the product. The majority of spindles are rotated by a flexible transmission (a belt or strap); some are driven by helical wheels. The spindle for spinning chemical fibers rotates by means of an individual, high-frequency electric motor whose rotor is seated on the spindle. Braking of the spindle, which is necessary to remove a worked bobbin or to fix a break in the yarn, is accomplished by special brakes (mechanical drive) or by countercurrent (electrical drive). Spindles are usually attached to the beam of a machine by means of special nuts, gaskets, and springs; some spindles can be turned around by means of special arms. All modern spindles have a damper device, which decreases shaft vibration during rotation. The frequency of rotation of spindles varies in processing various fibers from 2,500 to 16,000 or more rpm. A serial spindle for spinning natural fibers is shown in Figure 1. A paper holder or wooden spool is fitted tightly on the upper part of the shaft; the yarn winds onto it in the form of a cop. On the way to the spindle, the thread passes over a runner that slides along an immovable ring around the spindle. When the spindle rotates, the yarn is pulled and causes the runner to move along the ring, thus twisting the yarn and winding it onto the holder. Soviet specialists have developed an original spindle for spinning-twisting machines, which has made it possible to combine spinning, slubbing, roving, twisting, and winding of two threads (Figure 2). The hollow shaft of the spinning-twisting spindle rotates on two ball bearings enclosed in rubber rings. The rings are enclosed in a housing consisting of two halves. The holder for the yarn taken from the spinning machine is seated on the upper end of the spindle; the lower end of the yarn goes through an opening in the shaft. The strand of yarn enters the interior canal of the spindle from the drawing instrument. When the spindle rotates, the yarn from the holder runs along the flange of the shaft canal and causes the strand to rotate around its axis, converting it into yarn. Throwing occurs at the top of the spindle; on the way from the top of the spindle to the winding reels two threads of yarn are twisted in reverse direction, and then the thread is wound on a bobbin. An electric spindle for the formation—sometimes incorrectly called spinning—of viscose fibers is shown in Figure 3. The rotor of a three-phase asynchronous bipolar electric motor is rigidly mounted on a bushing. In order to transmit rotation frequencies on the order of 6,000-9,000 rpm to the spindle, the electric motor is fed a higher-frequency current (100-200 hertz) obtained from special converters. The viscose fiber enters the well through a thread guide that moves back and forth and, under the influence of centrifugal force, it is laid out in a spiral line on the wall of the well. Twisted yarns are obtained in the same way on various types of centrifugal spindles for natural fibers. In spinning chemical fibers, there is a tendency to create electrical spindles using ball bearings with packed lubricating grease, which is changed once every one or two years. Spindles with a rigid drive rotated by a screw coupling have come into use to a certain extent for spinning wool. Their principal advantage is the stability of the rotation frequency of the shaft (constancy of the twist of the yarn), which is necessary in order to obtain high-quality yarn. Spinning machines with spindles that have irregularly shaped caps on the ends of their shafts are also used in order to decrease the number of breaks in the yarn. The caps diminish the ball of thread that forms during twisting, which leads to lowering the tension of the yarn and to breakage.  Figure 1. Spindle for spinning natural fibers
 Figure 2. Spindle for spinning twisting machines
 Figure 3. Electric spindle for forming viscose fibers
Double-twist spindles are used in the production of heavy threads for carpets, belting, cord, and rope. Such spindles are twice as productive as ordinary spindles, but their construction is complicated. In the USSR and abroad, work is under way to substitute light oil for lubricating grease and roller bearings for sliding bearings, to increase the rotation frequency of the spindle and the quantity of bundles produced, to use sliding bearings made of special materials that require no lubricants and to use air bearings, and to increase the reliability and durability of spindles. A theory of spindle vibration has been developed by Soviet scientists. REFERENCESMalyshev, A. P. Vereteno. Moscow, 1950.
Osnovy proektirovaniia tekstil’nykh mashin. Moscow, 1961.
Osnovy proektirovaniia priadil’nykh mashin. Moscow-Leningrad, 1946.
Koritysskii, Ia. I. Issledovaniia dinamiki i konstruktsii vysokoproizvoditel’nykh vereten tekstil’nykh mashin. Moscow, 1963.I. V. KORNEV
Spindle the operating shaft of a metal-cutting machine tool. Either the tool (milling cutter, drill, grinding wheel, or the like) or the workpiece being machined may be attached to the spindle. Great demands are placed on a spindle with respect to rotational precision, which significantly affects the accuracy of machining. Thus, spindles are mounted on precision rolling-contact bearings or plain bearings; the spindles of internal grinding machines that exhibit particularly high rotation speeds (up to 100,000 rpm) are mounted on gas-lubricated plain bearings. The spindle may use a gear or belt drive, or it may be driven directly by a built-in electric motor or compressed-air turbine. spindle[′spin·dəl] (cell and molecular biology) A structure formed of fiberlike elements just before metaphase that extends between the poles of the achromatic figure and is attached to the centromeric regions of the chromatid pairs. (design engineering) A short, slender or tapered shaft. (navigation) A spar serving as a beacon. spindle1. A slender rod or pin on which anything turns, as the shaft to which a doorknob is attached. 2. On a lock mechanism, the bar connected with the knob or lever handle that passes through the hub of the lock or otherwise engages the mechanism to transmit the knob action to the bolt(s). 3. In woodworking, a short turned part as in a baluster.spindle1. a rod or stick that has a notch in the top, used to draw out natural fibres for spinning into thread, and a long narrow body around which the thread is wound when spun 2. one of the thin rods or pins bearing bobbins upon which spun thread is wound in a spinning wheel or machine 3. any of various parts in the form of a rod, esp a rotating rod that acts as an axle, mandrel, or arbor 4. a measure of length of yarn equal to 18 hanks (15 120 yards) for cotton or 14 400 yards for linen 5. Biology a spindle-shaped structure formed by microtubules during mitosis or meiosis which draws the duplicated chromosomes apart as the cell divides 6. a less common name for a hydrometer7. a tall pole with a marker at the top, fixed to an underwater obstruction as an aid to navigation 8. a device consisting of a sharp upright spike on a pedestal on which bills, order forms, etc., are impaled spindleThe rotating shaft in a disk drive. In a regular "fixed disk drive," the recording platters are attached to the spindle. In a removable disk cartridge, the spindle remains within the drive. Laptops use spindle designations to indicate the number of built-in drives. For example, a two-spindle machine contains a hard drive and a second bay for an optical drive. Sometimes the term is used merely as a synonym for disk drive; for example, "adding more spindles will alleviate the congestion."spindle
spindle [spin´d'l] 1. a pin tapered at one end or both ends, or something with this shape.2. the thin, tapering figure occurring during metaphase of cell division, composed of microtubules radiating from the centrioles and connecting to the chromosomes at their centromeres. Called also mitotic spindle.3. muscle spindle.mitotic spindle spindle (def. 2).muscle spindle a mechanoreceptor found between the skeletal fibers" >muscle fibers; the muscle spindles are arranged in parallel with muscle fibers, and respond to passive stretch of the muscle but cease to discharge if the muscle contracts isotonically, thus signaling muscle length. The muscle spindle is the receptor responsible for the stretch or reflex" >myotatic reflex.sleep s's bursts of activity of a particular waveform in the electroencephalogram in light or early sleep.spin·dle (spin'dĕl), anatomy, pathology any fusiform cell or structure. [A.S.] spindle (spĭn′dl)n.1. Biology A cytoplasmic network composed of microtubules along which the chromosomes are distributed during mitosis and meiosis.2. Anatomy See muscle spindle.spin·dle (spin'dĕl) anatomy, pathology Any fusiform cell or structure. [A.S.]spindle A term used adjectivally in anatomy and referring to any elongated cell or structure pointed at both ends. Fusiform.spin·dle (spin'dĕl) In anatomy and pathology, any fusiform cell or structure. [A.S.]FinancialSeeSpinningSee SPDL
See SPDLspindle
Related to spindle: spindle tree, spindle sander, Spindle speedSynonyms for spindlenoun pivotSynonymsSynonyms for spindlenoun (biology) tiny fibers that are seen in cell divisionRelated Words- biological science
- biology
- fiber
- fibre
noun a piece of wood that has been turned on a latheRelated Wordsnoun any of various rotating shafts that serve as axes for larger rotating partsSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun a stick or pin used to twist the yarn in spinningRelated Words- spinning frame
- spinning wheel
- stick
noun any holding device consisting of a rigid, sharp-pointed objectSynonymsRelated Words |