Sytin, Ivan

Sytin, Ivan Dmitrievich

Born Jan. 24 (Feb. 5), 1851, in the village of Gnezdnikovo, Kostroma Province; died Nov. 23, 1934, in Moscow. Russian publisher active in the field of education.

Sytin was the son of a peasant. In his early youth he worked in the Moscow lubok (cheap popular print) shop of the merchant P. N. Sharapov. In 1876 he opened his own lithography shop in Moscow and began printing lubki.

In the 1880’s, Sytin became the most popular publisher of lubok literature (cheap popular literature) in Russia. In 1884 his printing house began publishing the books of the Posrednik Publishing House, founded by V. G. Chertkov with the participation of L. N. Tolstoy; its aim was to publish books accessible to the people. Beginning in the 1890’s, Sytin printed school textbooks, children’s books, popular science literature, and works on applied science, including the series Library for Self-Education and The Popular Encyclopedia of Scientific and Applied Knowledge (vols. 1–14,1910–12).

Important among Sytin’s publications were the collected works of A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol, and L. N. Tolstoy, as well as the multivolume works The Patriotic War and Russian Society, 1812–1912 (1911–12), The Military Encyclopedia (vols. 1–18, 1911–15), and The Children’s Encyclopedia (vols. 1–10, 1913–14). Sytin also published popular calendars, the journals Vokrug sveta (Around the World; from 1891), Iskry (Sparks), and Khirurgiia (Surgery), and the newspaper Russkoe slovo.

In the mid-1890’s, Sytin’s publishing house became the Association of Printing, Publishing, and the Book Trade. It continued to expand, becoming the largest publishing enterprise in Russia. After 1917, Sytin’s printing house was nationalized, and Sytin became a consultant for Gosizdat (the State Publishing House). In 1928 he was assigned a personal pension.

WORKS

Zhizn’ dlia knigi. Moscow, 1960.

REFERENCES

Konichev, K. I. Russkii samorodok. Leningrad, 1966.
Polveka dlia knigi. Moscow, 1916.

S. V. BELOV

单词	syzygial
释义	syzygial enUK syz·y·gy S0975700 (sĭz′ə-jē)n. pl. syz·y·gies 1. Astronomy a. Either of two points in the orbit of a solar system body where the body is in opposition to or in conjunction with the sun.b. Either of two points in the orbit of the moon when the moon lies in a straight line with the sun and Earth.c. The configuration of the sun, the moon, and Earth lying in a straight line.2. The combining of two feet into a single metrical unit in classical prosody. [Late Latin sȳzygia, from Greek suzugiā, union, from suzugos, paired : sun-, su-, syn- + zugon, yoke; see yeug- in Indo-European roots.] sy·zyg′i·al (sĭ-zĭj′ē-əl) adj. Sytin, Ivan Sytin, Ivan Dmitrievich Born Jan. 24 (Feb. 5), 1851, in the village of Gnezdnikovo, Kostroma Province; died Nov. 23, 1934, in Moscow. Russian publisher active in the field of education. Sytin was the son of a peasant. In his early youth he worked in the Moscow lubok (cheap popular print) shop of the merchant P. N. Sharapov. In 1876 he opened his own lithography shop in Moscow and began printing lubki. In the 1880’s, Sytin became the most popular publisher of lubok literature (cheap popular literature) in Russia. In 1884 his printing house began publishing the books of the Posrednik Publishing House, founded by V. G. Chertkov with the participation of L. N. Tolstoy; its aim was to publish books accessible to the people. Beginning in the 1890’s, Sytin printed school textbooks, children’s books, popular science literature, and works on applied science, including the series Library for Self-Education and The Popular Encyclopedia of Scientific and Applied Knowledge (vols. 1–14,1910–12). Important among Sytin’s publications were the collected works of A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol, and L. N. Tolstoy, as well as the multivolume works The Patriotic War and Russian Society, 1812–1912 (1911–12), The Military Encyclopedia (vols. 1–18, 1911–15), and The Children’s Encyclopedia (vols. 1–10, 1913–14). Sytin also published popular calendars, the journals Vokrug sveta (Around the World; from 1891), Iskry (Sparks), and Khirurgiia (Surgery), and the newspaper Russkoe slovo. In the mid-1890’s, Sytin’s publishing house became the Association of Printing, Publishing, and the Book Trade. It continued to expand, becoming the largest publishing enterprise in Russia. After 1917, Sytin’s printing house was nationalized, and Sytin became a consultant for Gosizdat (the State Publishing House). In 1928 he was assigned a personal pension. WORKS Zhizn’ dlia knigi. Moscow, 1960. REFERENCES Konichev, K. I. Russkii samorodok. Leningrad, 1966. Polveka dlia knigi. Moscow, 1916. S. V. BELOV syzygial enUK sy·zyg·i·al (si-zij'ē-ăl), Relating to syzygy. syzygium S27-932800 (sĭ-zĭj′ē-ŭm) [Gr. syzygia, conjunction] Fusion of two parts or structures without loss of identity of the parts.syzygial, adjective ThesaurusSeesyzygy
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syzygial

syz·y·gy

Sytin, Ivan

Sytin, Ivan Dmitrievich

WORKS

REFERENCES

syzygial

sy·zyg·i·al

syzygium