| 释义 |
skeletal
skel·e·tal S0445900 (skĕl′ĭ-tl)adj.1. Of, relating to, forming, or of the nature of a skeleton.2. Attached to or formed by a skeleton.3. So thin or emaciated as to appear bony.4. Extremely basic or simplified: a skeletal description of the events.
skel′e·tal·ly adv.skel•e•tal (ˈskɛl ɪ tl)
adj. of, pertaining to, or like a skeleton. [1850–55] skel′e•tal•ly, adv. Thesaurus| Adj. | 1. | skeletal - of or relating to or forming or attached to a skeleton; "the skeletal system"; "skeletal bones"; "skeletal muscles" | | 2. | skeletal - very thin especially from disease or hunger or cold; "emaciated bony hands"; "a nightmare population of gaunt men and skeletal boys"; "eyes were haggard and cavernous"; "small pinched faces"; "kept life in his wasted frame only by grim concentration"bony, cadaverous, emaciated, gaunt, haggard, pinched, wastedlean, thin - lacking excess flesh; "you can't be too rich or too thin"; "Yon Cassius has a lean and hungry look"-Shakespeare |
skeletaladjective1. emaciated, wasted, gaunt, skin-and-bone (informal), cadaverous, hollow-cheeked, lantern-jawed, fleshless, worn to a shadow a hospital filled with skeletal children2. incomplete, inadequate, insufficient, wanting, lacking, partial, patchy, deficient, scrappy, fragmentary, bitty Passenger services can best be described as skeletal.skeletaladjectivePhysically haggard:cadaverous, drawn, emaciated, gaunt, shrunken, wasted.Idiom: skin and bones.TranslationsEncyclopediaSeeskeletonskeletal
skeletal [skel´ĕ-tal] pertaining to the skeleton.skeletal system the body's framework of bones; there are 206 distinct bones in the body of an average adult human. (See anatomic Table of Bones in the Appendices and see Plates.) The bones give support and shape to the body, protect delicate internal organs, and provide sites of attachment for muscles to make motion possible. In addition, they store and help maintain the correct level of calcium" >calcium, and the marrow" >bone marrow manufactures blood cells. Called also skeleton.
Main Parts of the Skeleton. There are two main parts of the skeleton: the axial skeleton, including the bones of the head and trunk, and the appendicular skeleton, including the bones of the limbs. The axial skeleton has 80 bones and the appendicular skeleton has 126 bones.Axial Skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, the spine, and the ribs and sternum. The most important of these is the spine" >spine (called also the spinal or vertebral column), consisting of 26 separate bones. Twenty-four vertebrae have holes through them, which are lined up vertically to form a hollow tube called the canal" >spinal canal; the spinal cord runs through this canal and is protected by it.
The seven topmost vertebrae, in the neck, are the cervical vertebrae; they support the skull, which encloses and protects the brain and provides protection for the eyes, inner ears, and nasal passages. The skull includes the cranium, the facial bones, and the auditory ossicles. Of the 28 bones of the skull, only one, the mandible, is movable.
Below the cervical vertebrae are 12 thoracic vertebrae; attached to them are 12 pairs of ribs" >ribs, one pair to a vertebra. The ribs curve around to the front of the body, where most attach directly to the sternum or are indirectly attached to it by means of cartilage. The two bottom pairs of ribs are unattached in front and are called floating ribs. Together, the thoracic vertebrae, the ribs, and the sternum form a bony basket called the thoracic (or rib) cage, which prevents the chest wall from collapsing and protects the heart and the lungs. The remaining bones of the spine include five lumbar vertebrae, which support the small of the back, and the sacrum and coccyx. The axial skeleton also includes a single bone in the neck, the hyoid bone, to which muscles of the mouth are attached. This is the only bone of the body that does not join with another bone.Appendicular Skeleton. The appendicular skeleton includes the shoulder girdle, bones of the upper limb, pelvic girdle, and bones of the lower limb. The shoulder girdle, from which the arms hang, consists of two clavicles" >clavicles and two scapulae" >scapulae; the scapulae are joined to the sternum.
The limb" >upper limb has three long bones. The uppermost bone is the humerus" >humerus, whose upper (proximal) end fits into a socket in the shoulder girdle; its lower (distal) end is connected at the elbow to the ulna" >ulna and radius" >radius, the two long bones of the forearm. Eight small bones, the carpals, compose the wrist. Five metacarpals form the palm of the hand, and the finger bones are made up of 14 phalanges in each hand.
At the lower end of the spine is the pelvic girdle; it, along with the last two bones of the spinal column (the sacrum" >sacrum and coccyx" >coccyx), forms the pelvis" >pelvis. This part of the skeleton encircles and protects the internal organs of the genitourinary system. In each side of the pelvis is the acetabulum" >acetabulum, a socket into which a femur fits.
The bones of the limb" >lower limb are similar in construction to those of the upper limb but are heavier and stronger. The femur" >femur (thigh bone), which is the longest bone in the body, extends from the pelvis to the knee. The tibia" >tibia and the fibula" >fibula are long bones that extend from the knee to the ankle. On the knee is another single bone, the patella" >patella or kneecap. In each leg there are seven ankle bones, or tarsals; five foot bones, or metatarsals; and 14 toe bones, or phalanges.Joints and Movement. Anywhere in the skeleton that two or more bones come together is known as a joint. The way these bones are joined determines whether they can move and how they move. The elbow, for example, is a hinge joint, which allows bending in only one direction. In contrast, both bending and rotary movements are possible in the hip joint, a ball-and-socket joint. Many joints, such as most of those in the skull, are rigid and permit no movement whatsoever.
The force needed to move the bones is provided by muscles, which are attached to the bones by tendons. A muscle typically spans a joint so that one end is attached by a tendon to one bone, and the other end to a second bone. Usually one bone serves as an anchor for the muscle, and the second bone is free to move. When the muscle contracts, it pulls the second bone. Actually, two sets of muscles that pull in opposite directions take part in any movement. When one set contracts, the opposing set relaxes.skel·e·tal (skel'ĕ-tăl), Relating to the skeleton.skeletal (skĕl′ĭ-tl)adj.1. Of, relating to, forming, or of the nature of a skeleton.2. Attached to or formed by a skeleton.
skel′e·tal·ly adv.skeletal adjective Referring to the skeleton.
Pronunciation
Medspeak-UK pronounced, skeh LEE tull
Medspeak-US pronounced, SKEL eh tullskel·e·tal (skel'ĕ-tăl) Relating to the skeleton. skeletal Pertaining to the SKELETON.skeletal
Synonyms for skeletaladj emaciatedSynonyms- emaciated
- wasted
- gaunt
- skin-and-bone
- cadaverous
- hollow-cheeked
- lantern-jawed
- fleshless
- worn to a shadow
adj incompleteSynonyms- incomplete
- inadequate
- insufficient
- wanting
- lacking
- partial
- patchy
- deficient
- scrappy
- fragmentary
- bitty
Synonyms for skeletaladj physically haggardSynonyms- cadaverous
- drawn
- emaciated
- gaunt
- shrunken
- wasted
Synonyms for skeletaladj very thin especially from disease or hunger or coldSynonyms- bony
- cadaverous
- emaciated
- gaunt
- haggard
- pinched
- wasted
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