skin prick test


skin prick test

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SPT

A means of assessing hypersensitivity to an allergen in which a small quantity of a suspected allergen is placed on the end of a needle, which is then used to penetrate the skin. A positive reaction to the test occurs when a wheal rises at the puncture site.

CAUTION!

SPT occasionally triggers life-threatening allergic reactions (anaphylaxis). Patients undergoing allergy testing should be closely monitored for wheezing, stridor, hypotension, tachycardia, and other findings that suggest anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions. They should be promptly treated with intramuscular epinephrine, antihistamines, inhaled bronchodilators, and oxygen if any of these reactions occur. Corticosteroids are used to prevent a biphasic reaction, in which symptoms recur several hours after initial treatment. Clinics where skin prick tests are performed should have a stock of resuscitation equipment ready in the room during allergy testing.