Trenching

deep plowing with special plows (trench plows) before cultivation in nurseries, vineyards, orchards, and forests. Trenching loosens the soil to a depth of 40 to 75 cm (or more), creating favorable conditions for root development. To prevent the less fertile lower layer of soil from being raised to the upper layer, the trenching plow is fitted with skim colters, double frames at different levels, slat moldboards, subsoil cultivators, and other devices that loosen deep soil. Trenching is done most successfully by trenching plows that work two or three deep layers at the same time. Large amounts of organic and inorganic fertilizers, lime (on acid soils), or gypsum (on saline soils) are usually applied during trenching.