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spurge
spurge S0677200 (spûrj)n. Any of numerous herbs, shrubs, or trees of the genus Euphorbia, characteristically having milky juice and a cluster of small unisexual flowers that are surrounded by a cuplike structure composed of fused bracts. Also called euphorbia.
[Middle English, from Old French espurge, from espurgier, to purge (from its use as a purgative), from Latin expūrgāre; see expurgate.]spurge (spɜːdʒ) n (Plants) any of various euphorbiaceous plants of the genus Euphorbia that have milky sap and small flowers typically surrounded by conspicuous bracts. Some species have purgative properties[C14: from Old French espurge, from espurgier to purge, from Latin expurgāre to cleanse, from ex-1 + purgāre to purge]spurge (spɜrdʒ)
n. any of numerous plants of the genus Euphorbia, having flowers with no petals or sepals. [1350–1400; Middle English < Middle French espurge, n. derivative of espurgier to cleanse < Latin expurgāre. See ex-1, purge] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  spurge - any of numerous plants of the genus Euphorbia; usually having milky often poisonous juiceEuphorbia, genus Euphorbia - type genus of the Euphorbiaceae: very large genus of diverse plants all having milky juicecaper spurge, Euphorbia lathyris, myrtle spurge, mole plant - poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oilEuphorbia helioscopia, sun spurge, wartweed, wartwort, devil's milk - not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sundevil's milk, Euphorbia peplus, petty spurge - an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United StatesEuphorbia caput-medusae, Euphorbia medusae, medusa's head - African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branchesEuphorbia corollata, flowering spurge, tramp's spurge, wild spurge - common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bractsEuphorbia marginata, ghost weed, snow-in-summer, snow-on-the-mountain - annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milkcypress spurge, Euphorbia cyparissias - Old World perennial having foliage resembling cypress; naturalized as a weed in the United StatesEuphorbia esula, leafy spurge, wolf's milk - tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North AmericaEuphorbia hirsuta, hairy spurge - much-branched hirsute weed native to northeastern North AmericaChristmas flower, Christmas star, Euphorbia pulcherrima, lobster plant, Mexican flameleaf, poinsettia, painted leaf - tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowersEuphorbia heterophylla, Japanese poinsettia, mole plant, paint leaf - showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to PeruEuphorbia cyathophora, fire-on-the-mountain, Mexican fire plant, painted leaf - poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophyllaEuphorbia amygdaloides, wood spurge - European perennial herb with greenish yellow terminal flower clustersEuphorbia antisyphilitica, candelilla - wax-coated shrub of northern Mexico and southwestern United Statesdwarf spurge, Euphorbia exigua - European erect or depressed annual weedy spurge adventive in northeastern United StatesEuphorbia fulgens, scarlet plume - Mexican shrub often cultivated for its scarlet-bracted flowerscactus euphorbia, Euphorbia ingens, naboom - small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabraChrist plant, Christ thorn, Euphorbia milii, crown of thorns - somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bractsEuphorbia dentata, toothed spurge - an annual weed of northeastern North America with dentate leavesbush, shrub - a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems |
Translationsspurge
spurge (spûrj), common name for members of the Euphorbiaceae, a family of herbs, shrubs, and trees of greatly varied structure and almost cosmopolitan distribution, although most species are tropical. In the United States the family is most common in the Southeast. Euphorbias Many plants of the spurge family have reduced fleshy leaves, in particular the vast Euphorbia genus of approximately 1,600 subtropical and warm-temperate species. These cactuslike plants, comprising most of the species commonly called spurge, have spiny, jointed stems and are among the most common Old World desert succulents. The euphorbias and the cacti illustrate the biological phenomenon of convergent evolution, in which unrelated groups of organisms, subject to the same environmental pressures, gradually develop similar structures. The euphorbias exhibit another family trait: "naked flowers" (i.e., flowers lacking petals and sometimes sepals) that are enclosed in a bract envelope, from which they emerge during the flowering period to permit pollination. Many species are cultivated for their brilliant, showy bracts as well as for their frequently colorful foliage. These include snow-on-the-mountain (E. marginata), native to the United States; the cypress spurge (E. cyparissias), a favored cemetery plant that was introduced from Europe and naturalized; the scarlet-bracted greenhouse plant crown-of-thorns (E. splendens), native to Madagascar; and the poinsettia (for J. R. PoinsettPoinsett, Joel Roberts
, 1779–1851, American diplomat and politician, b. Charleston, S.C. In 1810 he was sent as a special commissioner to South America to investigate political conditions of the countries struggling for independence.
..... Click the link for more information. ), an ornamental shrub native to Central America. The poinsettia (E. pulcherrima), whose several species are sometimes considered a separate genus (Poinsettia), is a popular Christmas decoration with its large rosettes of usually bright-red bracts. Other Spurges and Their Uses Many spurges are of great economic importance as a source of food, drugs, rubber, and other products. The sap of most species is a milky latex, and the source of a very large part of the world's natural rubberrubber,
any solid substance that upon vulcanization becomes elastic; the term includes natural rubber (caoutchouc) and synthetic rubber. The term elastomer is sometimes used to designate synthetic rubber only and is sometimes extended to include caoutchouc as well.
..... Click the link for more information. is the latex of the Pará rubber treePará rubber tree
, large tree (Hevea brasiliensis) of the family Euphorbiaceae (spurge family), native to tropical South America and the source of the greatest amount and finest quality of natural rubber.
..... Click the link for more information. . Pará rubber and several other latexes also come from plants of the spurge family. The tropical American Manihot genus includes the cassavacassava
or manioc
, name for many species of the genus Manihot of the family Euphorbiaceae (spurge family). The roots, which resemble sweet potatoes and are eaten in much the same way, yield cassava starch, a staple food in the tropics.
..... Click the link for more information. , the source of tapioca and the most important tropical root crop next to the sweet potato. Other valuable commercial products of this family are castor oilcastor oil,
yellowish oil obtained from the seed of the castor bean. The oil content of the seeds varies from about 20% to 50%. After the hulls are removed the seeds are cold-pressed.
..... Click the link for more information. and tung oiltung oil,
oil obtained from the seeds of a tropical tree, the tung tree (Aleurites fordii) of the spurge family, and from seeds of some related species, all from Indomalesia or W Pacifica. It is known also as China wood oil and nut oil.
..... Click the link for more information. , expressed from the seeds of Ricinus communis and Aleurites fordii respectively. The castor beancastor bean,
bean produced by Ricinus communis, a plant of the spurge family, widely cultivated as an ornamental. Moles die when they eat the roots. It has long been used as an ordeal poison in parts of Africa.
..... Click the link for more information. , the source of castor oil, is native to tropical Africa, where it grows as a tree, but is now widespread and is sometimes cultivated in temperate regions as an annual ornamental. The tung tree, indigenous to E Asia and Malaysia, is the only important plant of the spurge family cultivated commercially in the United States. The candlenut tree (A. moluccana) and the Japanese wood oil tree (A. cordata), of the same genus as the tung tree, also yield oils, as does the Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum), a source of grease for candles and soap. Various spurges provide medicines, dyes, oils, and other products; primitive peoples utilized the poisonous saps of other spurges on arrow tips and to poison fish. The presence of poisonous substances in many euphorbias and in a number of other spurges has led these to be classed as noxious pests, especially when they grow as weeds on livestock ranges. Classification Spurge is classified in the division MagnoliophytaMagnoliophyta
, division of the plant kingdom consisting of those organisms commonly called the flowering plants, or angiosperms. The angiosperms have leaves, stems, and roots, and vascular, or conducting, tissue (xylem and phloem).
..... Click the link for more information. , class Magnoliopsida, order Euphorbiales, family Euphorbiaceae. spurge any of various euphorbiaceous plants of the genus Euphorbia that have milky sap and small flowers typically surrounded by conspicuous bracts. Some species have purgative properties spurge
Related to spurge: leafy spurgeWords related to spurgenoun any of numerous plants of the genus EuphorbiaRelated Words- Euphorbia
- genus Euphorbia
- caper spurge
- Euphorbia lathyris
- myrtle spurge
- mole plant
- Euphorbia helioscopia
- sun spurge
- wartweed
- wartwort
- devil's milk
- Euphorbia peplus
- petty spurge
- Euphorbia caput-medusae
- Euphorbia medusae
- medusa's head
- Euphorbia corollata
- flowering spurge
- tramp's spurge
- wild spurge
- Euphorbia marginata
- ghost weed
- snow-in-summer
- snow-on-the-mountain
- cypress spurge
- Euphorbia cyparissias
- Euphorbia esula
- leafy spurge
- wolf's milk
- Euphorbia hirsuta
- hairy spurge
- Christmas flower
- Christmas star
- Euphorbia pulcherrima
- lobster plant
- Mexican flameleaf
- poinsettia
- painted leaf
- Euphorbia heterophylla
- Japanese poinsettia
- paint leaf
- Euphorbia cyathophora
- fire-on-the-mountain
- Mexican fire plant
- Euphorbia amygdaloides
- wood spurge
- Euphorbia antisyphilitica
- candelilla
- dwarf spurge
- Euphorbia exigua
- Euphorbia fulgens
- scarlet plume
- cactus euphorbia
- Euphorbia ingens
- naboom
- Christ plant
- Christ thorn
- Euphorbia milii
- crown of thorns
- Euphorbia dentata
- toothed spurge
- bush
- shrub
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