parchment

parch·ment

P0068100 (pärch′mənt)n.1. The skin of a sheep or goat prepared as a material on which to write or paint.2. A written text or drawing on a sheet of this material.3. Paper made in imitation of this material.

[Middle English parchemin, parchement (influenced by Medieval Latin pergamentum), from Old French parchemin, from Late Latin pergamīna, variant of Latin pergamēna, from feminine of Pergamēnus, of Pergamum, from Greek Pergamēnos, after Pergamon (Pergamum).]

parchment

(ˈpɑːtʃmənt) n1. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) the skin of certain animals, such as sheep, treated to form a durable material, as for bookbinding, or (esp formerly) manuscripts2. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) a manuscript, bookbinding, etc, made of or resembling this material3. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) a type of stiff yellowish paper resembling parchment[C13: from Old French parchemin, via Latin from Greek pergamēnē, from Pergamēnos of Pergamum (where parchment was made); the form of Old French parchemin was influenced by parche leather, from Latin Parthica (pellis) Parthian (leather)] ˈparchmenty adj

parch•ment

(ˈpɑrtʃ mənt)

n. 1. the skin of sheep, goats, etc., prepared for writing on. 2. a manuscript or document on such material. 3. a stiff off-white paper treated to resemble this material. 4. a diploma. [1275–1325; late Middle English; Middle English parchemin < Old French < Gallo-Romance *particamīnum, b. Latin Parthica (pellis) Parthian (leather) and Medieval Latin pergamīnum, Late Latin pergamēnum, for Pergamēna charta paper of Pergamum]

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	parchment - a superior paper resembling sheepskinpaper - a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses
	2.	parchment - skin of a sheep or goat prepared for writing onlambskin, sheepskinanimal skin - the outer covering of an animalvellum - fine parchment prepared from the skin of a young animal e.g. a calf or lamb

Translations

羊皮纸

parchment

(ˈpaːtʃmənt) noun a (piece of a) material used for writing on, made from animal skin. Medieval men often wrote on parchment.羊皮纸

parchment

parchment,

untanned skins of animals, especially of the sheep, calf, and goat, prepared for use as a writing material. The name is a corruption of Pergamum, the ancient city of Asia Minor where preparation of parchment suitable for use on both sides was achieved in the 2d cent. B.C. Parchment, which is more durable than papyrus and susceptible of being folded into book form, very gradually superseded papyrus. In Europe it gave way to paper for use in books only after the advent of printing. The skins were soaked in water, treated with lime to loosen the hair, scraped, washed, stretched, and dried, and then rubbed with chalk and pumice stone. A fine grade prepared from the skin of the calf or kid became known as vellum, a name applied during the Middle Ages to any parchment used in manuscripts. For important manuscripts vellum was often dyed purple. Parchment is still used for certain documents and diplomas, for bookbindings and lampshades, and for the heads of drums, tambourines, and banjos. Vegetable parchment is paper treated to make it tough, translucent, and impervious to water.

Parchment

(derived from Pergamum, a city in Asia Minor where parchment was widely used in the second century B.C.), a writing surface that is made from untanned, clean, dry hide; it is sometimes treated with lime.

Parchment fibers are connected in an unstructured, cornified mass that is often transparent and has a relatively high tensile strength of 100–120 meganewtons per m², or 10–12 kgf/mm². The taut parchment gives a clear sound when struck with a wooden object. At one time, parchment was the most commonly used writing surface for letters and the best material for making quivers and shields. Before the invention of printing, most medieval Russian and European texts were written on parchment. Different grades of parchment have been used for making drumheads, seams for drive belts, and pickers and noiseless, spark-free pinions in looms. Parchment for pickers and pinions has been replaced by polymers.

In the production of parchment it is crucial to retain the natural hide proteins in as native a condition as possible. Therefore, the hair is removed from the hide either mechanically or by immersion in concentrated Na₂S solution. Chemical depilation preserves the collagen structure and thus the strength of the parchment. Soaking and lime treatment are performed for short periods without raising the temperature. After drying, the parchment is moistened and the underside is further lubricated with glycerin and organic tanning agents.

L. P. GAIDAROV

parchment

[′parch·mənt] (materials) The skin of a goat or sheep that has been treated so that it can be used to write upon. A drawing or written text on this material.

parchment

parch·ment

parchment

parch•ment

parchment

parchment

parchment,

Parchment

parchment

parchment

Synonyms for parchment

noun a superior paper resembling sheepskin

Related Words

noun skin of a sheep or goat prepared for writing on

Synonyms

Related Words