| 释义 |
Romani
Rom·a·ni or Rom·a·ny R0293250 (rŏm′ə-nē, rō′mə-, rä′mə-)n. pl. Romani or Rom·a·nis also Romany or Rom·a·nies 1. A member of a people that arrived in Europe in migrations from northern India around the 14th century, now also living in the Americas and Australia. Many Romani groups have preserved elements of their traditional culture, including an itinerant existence and the Romani language. Also called Roma.2. The Indic language of the Romani.adj. Of or relating to the Romani or their language or culture.
[Romani romani, feminine of romano, from rom, man, from Prakrit ḍoma, man of a low caste, of Dravidian origin.]Romani (ˈrɒmənɪ; ˈrəʊ-) n, pl -nis1. (Languages) a variant spelling of Romany2. (Peoples) a variant spelling of RomanyRom•a•ny or Rom•a•ni (ˈrɒm ə ni, ˈroʊ mə-)
n. 1. the Indo-Aryan language traditionally spoken by the Gypsies, comprising a broad range of dialects. 2. the Gypsies collectively. adj. 3. of or pertaining to the Gypsies or Romany. [1805–15; < Romany, feminine of romano, adj. derivative of rom Rom] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  Romani - a member of a people with dark skin and hair who speak Romany and who traditionally live by seasonal work and fortunetelling; they are believed to have originated in northern India but now are living on all continents (but mostly in Europe, North Africa, and North America)Bohemian, Roma, Romany, Rommany, Gipsy, GypsyIndian - a native or inhabitant of Indiagitana - a Spanish female Gypsygitano - a Spanish male Gypsy | | Adj. | 1. | Romani - of or relating to the Gypsies or their language or culture; "Romani nomads"; "Romany folk songs"; "a Gypsy fortune-teller"Romany |
Translations
Romani
Romani or Romany (both: rŏm`ənē, rō`–), people known historically in English as Gypsies and their language. 1 A traditionally nomadic people with particular folkways and a unique language, found on every continent; they are sometimes also called Roma, from the name of a major subgroup. Historically known in English as Gypsies or Gipsies because of an inaccurate idea that the Romani came from a so-called Little Egypt, they are in fact descended from people who emigrated from the Indian subcontinent. Their language is closely related to the languages of NW India; their blood groupings have been found to coincide with those of S Himalayan tribes, and genetic mutations they possess are otherwise found only among Indians and Pakistanis. The Romani worldwide are estimated to number between 10 and 12 million. In the course of their wanderings, Romanies have occasionally mixed with non-Romani neighbors and have sometimes settled down, but they have clung tenaciously to their identity and customs. Their physical type has remained largely unaltered; most Romanies are dark-complexioned, short, and lightly built. Their bands are still ruled by elders. The Romani have usually adopted the religion of their country of residence; probably the greater number are Roman Catholic or Orthodox Eastern Christian. Historically, the Romani typically traveled in small caravans and made their living as metalworkers, singers, dancers, musicians, horse dealers, and, later, auto mechanics. It is believed that they came originally from NW India, which they left for Persia around the 11th cent. A.D. Later they moved northward and westward, and are recorded as first appearing in Western Europe in the 15th cent. Alternately welcomed and persecuted by civil and religious authorities, they moved from country to country until they had spread to every part of Europe by the beginning of the 16th cent. They arrived in North America in the late 1800s. In modern times, and especially since the beginning of the 20th cent., various nations have attempted to end their nomadic lifestyle by requiring them to register and to go to school and learn trades. Some 500,000 perished in gas chambers and concentration camps during World War II. In 1956 the Soviet Union decreed that the last wandering Romani bands in that country be gradually settled in places of their choice. The countries of E Europe, where the great majority of the Romani live, adopted similar measures under Communist rule, and most eventually found some degree of economic and social protection, if not full acceptance. However, following the fall of Communism in the early 1990s, persecution of the Romani arose once more in E Europe, and by the early 21st cent. most faced increased discrimination and lived in poverty. In 2005 eight E European countries and the World Bank backed a ten-year program intended to improve socioeconomic status of the Romani. Bibliography See G. Borrow, The Romany Rye (1857, new ed. 1949, repr. 1959); I. H. Brown, Gypsy Fires in America (1924); Gipsy Petulengro's autobiography, A Romany Life (1935); J. Yoors, The Gypsies (1967); D. Kenrick and G. Puxon, The Destiny of Europe's Gypsies (1972); D. Mayall, Gypsie-Travellers in Nineteenth Century Society (1988); I. Fonseca, Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and Their Journey (1995). 2 A language belonging to the Dardic group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see Indo-IranianIndo-Iranian,
subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages, spoken by more than a billion people, chiefly in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Iran, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (see The Indo-European Family of Languages, table).
..... Click the link for more information. languages). The mother tongue of the Romani people, Romani has some 3 million speakers, mainly in Europe. In grammar it can be traced back to SanskritSanskrit
, language belonging to the Indic group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see Indo-Iranian). Sanskrit was the classical standard language of ancient India, and some of the oldest surviving Indo-European documents are written in
..... Click the link for more information. . It has borrowed considerable vocabulary from the languages of the various peoples among whom its speakers have lived and roamed. There is no important literature in Romani, but some biblical translations into Romani exist, for which both the Roman and Cyrillic alphabets were used. Bibliography See J. Sampson, The Dialect of the Gypsies of Wales (1925); R. L. Turner, Position of Romani in Indo-Aryan (1927); J. Kochanowski, Gypsy Studies (1963). Romany, Romani1. a. another name for a Gypsyb. (as modifier): Romany customs 2. the language of the Gypsies, belonging to the Indic branch of the Indo-European family, but incorporating extensive borrowings from local European languages. Most of its 250 000 speakers are bilingual. It is extinct in Britain MedicalSeeRomanoRomani
Related to Romani: Romani language, Romani people, Romani music, Ludi RomaniSynonyms for Romaninoun a member of a people with dark skin and hair who speak Romany and who traditionally live by seasonal work and fortunetellingSynonyms- Bohemian
- Roma
- Romany
- Rommany
- Gipsy
- Gypsy
Related Wordsadj of or relating to the Gypsies or their language or cultureSynonyms |