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atrophyenUK
at·ro·phy A0506800 (ăt′rə-fē)n. pl. at·ro·phies 1. A wasting or decrease in size of a body organ, tissue, or part owing to disease, injury, or lack of use: muscular atrophy of a person affected with paralysis.2. A wasting away, deterioration, or diminution: intellectual atrophy.v. at·ro·phied, at·ro·phy·ing, at·ro·phies v.tr. To cause to wither or deteriorate; affect with atrophy.v.intr. To waste away; wither or deteriorate.
[Late Latin atrophia, from Greek atrophiā, from atrophos, ill-nourished : a-, without; see a-1 + trophē, food.]
a·troph′ic (ā-trŏf′ĭk) adj.atrophy (ˈætrəfɪ) n, pl -phies1. (Pathology) a wasting away of an organ or part, or a failure to grow to normal size as the result of disease, faulty nutrition, etc2. any degeneration or diminution, esp through lack of usevb, -phies, -phying or -phiedto waste away or cause to waste away[C17: from Late Latin atrophia, from Greek, from atrophos ill-fed, from a-1 + -trophos from trephein to feed] atrophic adjat•ro•phy (ˈæ trə fi)
n., v. -phied, -phy•ing. n. 1. a wasting away of the body or of an organ or part, as from defective nutrition or nerve damage. 2. degeneration or decline, as from disuse. v.t. 3. to affect with atrophy. v.i. 4. to undergo atrophy; wither; degenerate. Also, a•tro•phi•a (əˈtroʊ fi ə) [1590–1600; earlier atrophie (< Middle French) < Late Latin atrophia < Greek; see a-6, -trophy]a•troph•ic (əˈtrɒf ɪk, əˈtroʊ fɪk) adj. at·ro·phy (ăt′rə-fē) The wasting away of a body part, most commonly caused by disease or nerve damage.atrophydegeneration as the result of disuse, malnutrition, etc.See also: Decayingatrophy
Past participle: atrophied
Gerund: atrophying
| Present |
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| I atrophy | | you atrophy | | he/she/it atrophies | | we atrophy | | you atrophy | | they atrophy |
| Preterite |
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| I atrophied | | you atrophied | | he/she/it atrophied | | we atrophied | | you atrophied | | they atrophied |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am atrophying | | you are atrophying | | he/she/it is atrophying | | we are atrophying | | you are atrophying | | they are atrophying |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have atrophied | | you have atrophied | | he/she/it has atrophied | | we have atrophied | | you have atrophied | | they have atrophied |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was atrophying | | you were atrophying | | he/she/it was atrophying | | we were atrophying | | you were atrophying | | they were atrophying |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had atrophied | | you had atrophied | | he/she/it had atrophied | | we had atrophied | | you had atrophied | | they had atrophied |
| Future |
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| I will atrophy | | you will atrophy | | he/she/it will atrophy | | we will atrophy | | you will atrophy | | they will atrophy |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have atrophied | | you will have atrophied | | he/she/it will have atrophied | | we will have atrophied | | you will have atrophied | | they will have atrophied |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be atrophying | | you will be atrophying | | he/she/it will be atrophying | | we will be atrophying | | you will be atrophying | | they will be atrophying |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been atrophying | | you have been atrophying | | he/she/it has been atrophying | | we have been atrophying | | you have been atrophying | | they have been atrophying |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been atrophying | | you will have been atrophying | | he/she/it will have been atrophying | | we will have been atrophying | | you will have been atrophying | | they will have been atrophying |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been atrophying | | you had been atrophying | | he/she/it had been atrophying | | we had been atrophying | | you had been atrophying | | they had been atrophying |
| Conditional |
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| I would atrophy | | you would atrophy | | he/she/it would atrophy | | we would atrophy | | you would atrophy | | they would atrophy |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have atrophied | | you would have atrophied | | he/she/it would have atrophied | | we would have atrophied | | you would have atrophied | | they would have atrophied |
atrophy1. The wasting or withering of muscle.2. A wasting away and/or emaciation, caused by aging, disease, infection, or injury.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | atrophy - a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disusewasting away, wastingamyotrophia, amyotrophy - progressive wasting of muscle tissuestabes - wasting of the body during a chronic diseasesymptom - (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular diseasekraurosis - atrophy and shriveling of the skin or mucous membrane | | 2. | atrophy - any weakening or degeneration (especially through lack of use)witheringweakening - becoming weaker | | Verb | 1. | atrophy - undergo atrophy; "Muscles that are not used will atrophy"shrink, shrivel, shrivel up, wither - wither, as with a loss of moisture; "The fruit dried and shriveled" |
atrophyverb1. waste away, waste, shrink, diminish, deteriorate, decay, dwindle, wither, wilt, degenerate, shrivel His muscle atrophied, and he was left lame.2. decline, waste, fade, shrink, diminish, deteriorate, dwindle, wither, wilt, degenerate, shrivel, waste away If you let your mind stagnate, this talent will atrophy.noun1. wasting away, decline, wasting, decay, decaying, withering, deterioration, meltdown (informal), shrivelling, degeneration, diminution exercises to avoid atrophy of cartilage2. wasting, decline, decay, decaying, withering, deterioration, meltdown (informal), shrivelling, degeneration, diminution, wasting away levels of consciousness which are in danger of atrophyatrophynounDescent to a lower level or condition:decadence, declension, declination, decline, degeneracy, degeneration, deterioration.verbTo become lower in quality, character, or condition:decline, degenerate, descend, deteriorate, retrograde, sink, worsen.Idioms: go bad, go to pot, go to seed , go to the dogs.TranslationsatrophyenUK
atrophy (ăt`rəfē), diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, or organ from its fully developed normal size. Temporary atrophy may occur in muscles that are not used, as when a limb is encased in a plaster cast. Interference with cellular nutrition, as through starvation; diseases affecting the nerve supply of tissues, e.g., poliomyelitis and muscular dystrophy; and prolonged disuse may cause a permanent wasting away of tissue. Atrophy may also follow hypertrophyhypertrophy
, enlargement of a tissue or organ of the body resulting from an increase in the size of its cells. Such growth accompanies an increase in the functioning of the tissue. In normal physiology the growth in size of muscles (e.g.
..... Click the link for more information. .Atrophy the decrease in the size of an organ or tissue of the living organism of animals and man, accompanied by a disorder or cessation of functions. Atrophy is the result of a predominance of dissimilation over the processes of assimilation. Atrophy can be physiological and pathological, systemic and local. Physiological atrophy is a function of the growth changes of an organism (atrophy of the thymus during puberty, atrophy of the sex glands, skin, and bones in old people, and so on). General pathological atrophy (emaciation, cachexia) appears in cases of insufficient nutrition, chronic infection or intoxication, or disorders of the endocrine glands or of the central nervous system. Local pathological atrophy arises from various causes—from a disorder in the regulation of the trophic nerves (for example, atrophy of the skeletal muscles during poliomyelitis), from insufficient supply of blood (for example, atrophy of the brain cortex during atherosclerosis of the blood vessels of the brain); dysfunctional atrophy (for example, atrophy of the optic nerve after removal of an eye), as a result of pressure (for example, atrophy of the kidney in cases of embolism of the urether and accumulation of urine in the renal pelvis), from lack of use (for example, atrophy of the muscles in the extremities after long immobilization), or from the effects of physiological and chemical factors (for example, atrophy of the lymphoid tissue from the effects of solar energy, atrophy of the thyroid gland upon application of iodine preparations). When an organ atrophies it diminishes in size but subsequently sometimes appears larger as a result of the expansion of fat tissue which replaces the atrophied cellular elements. Pathological atrophy is, up to a certain stage, a reversible process. Treatment consists of the elimination of the causes producing atrophy. REFERENCESStrukov, A. I. Patologicheskaia anatomiia. Moscow, 1967.
Cameron, G. R. Pathology of the Cell. Edinburgh, 1952.L. D. LIOZNER atrophy[′a·trə·fē] (medicine) Diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, or organ that was once fully developed and of normal size. atrophy a wasting away of an organ or part, or a failure to grow to normal size as the result of disease, faulty nutrition, etc.
See atrophyAtrophyenUK
atrophy [at´ro-fe] 1. decrease in size of a normally developed organ or tissue; see also wasting" >wasting.2. to undergo or cause such a decrease. adj., adj atroph´ic.acute yellow atrophy massive hepatic necrosis.circumscribed cerebral atrophy pick's disease" >pick's disease.disuse atrophy atrophy of a tissue or organ as a result of inactivity or diminished function.gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina a rare hereditary, slowly progressive atrophy of the choroid and pigment epithelium of the retina; inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.juvenile spinal muscular atrophy Kugelberg-Welander syndrome.Leber's optic atrophy Leber's optic neuropathy.lobar atrophy pick's disease" >pick's disease.myelopathic muscular atrophy muscular atrophy due to lesion of the spinal cord, as in spinal muscular atrophy.olivopontocerebellar atrophy any of a group of progressive hereditary disorders involving degeneration of the cerebellar cortex, middle peduncles, ventral pontine surface, and olivary nuclei. They occur in the young to middle-aged and are characterized by ataxia, dysarthria, and tremors similar to those of parkinsonism.peroneal atrophy (peroneal muscular atrophy) progressive neuromuscular atrophy.progressive neuromuscular atrophy hereditary muscular atrophy beginning in the muscles supplied by the fibular (peroneal) nerves, progressing slowly to involve the muscles of the hands and arms. Called also peroneal or peroneal muscular atrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.senile atrophy the natural atrophy of tissues and organs occurring with advancing age.spinal muscular atrophy progressive degeneration of the motor cells of the spinal cord, beginning usually in the small muscles of the hands, but in some cases (scapulohumeral type) in the upper arm and shoulder muscles, and progressing slowly to the leg muscles. Called also Aran-Duchenne disease, Cruveilhier's disease, and Duchenne's disease.subacute yellow atrophy submassive necrosis of the liver associated with broad zones of necrosis, due to viral, toxic, or drug-induced hepatitis; it may have an acute course with death from liver failure occurring after several weeks, or clinical recovery may be associated with regeneration of the parenchymal cells.at·ro·phy (at'rō-fē), A wasting of tissues, organs, or the entire body, as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, lessened function, or hormonal changes. Synonym(s): atrophia [G. atrophia, fr. a- priv. + trophē, nourishment] atrophy (ăt′rə-fē)n. pl. atro·phies 1. A wasting or decrease in size of a body organ, tissue, or part owing to disease, injury, or lack of use: muscular atrophy of a person affected with paralysis.2. A wasting away, deterioration, or diminution: intellectual atrophy.v. atro·phied, atro·phying, atro·phies v.tr. To cause to wither or deteriorate; affect with atrophy.v.intr. To waste away; wither or deteriorate.
a·troph′ic (ā-trŏf′ĭk) adj.atrophy A reduction in tissue mass and cell substance, which can be physiological (normal) or pathological (abnormal).
Mechanism
Atrophy is not completely understood, but largely attributed to decreased protein production and increased protein degradation (e.g., via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway).atrophy Wasting away; a ↓ in size of a cell, tissue, organ or part, due to defective or failed nutrition. See Blue atrophy, Brown atrophy, Disuse atrophy, Fat pad atrophy, Gastric atrophy, Geographic atrophy, Group atrophy, Multiple system atrophy, Pseudoatrophy of brain, Spinal muscle atrophy, White atrophy. Cf Dystrophy Gynecology A thinning of the ♀ genital mucosa due to ↓ estrogen in menopause Appearance Smooth, thin epithelium, prominent blood vessels, ↑ risk of trauma DiffDx Severe dysplasia, invasive CA Management Exogenous HRT. at·ro·phy (at'rŏ-fē) A wasting of tissues, organs, or the entire body, as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, lessened function, or hormonal changes.
Synonym(s): atrophia. [G. atrophia, fr. a- priv. + trophē, nourishment]atrophy Wasting and loss of substance due to cell degeneration and death. This may be a natural ageing process or it may be due to simple disuse. From the Greek atrophia , hunger or want of food.atrophy the reduction in size of an organ or tissue mass, often after disuse.AtrophyA wasting away of a tissue or organ, often because of insufficient nutrition.Mentioned in: Alcohol-Related Neurologic Disease, Esophageal Disorders, Keloids, Malabsorption Syndrome, Optic Atrophy, Optic Neuritis, Orchitis, Pernicious Anemia, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Postpolio Syndrome, Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy, Renal Artery Occlusion, Renal Artery Stenosisatrophy A wasting, shrinking or degeneration of an organ or tissue due to malnutrition, poor blood circulation, loss of nerve supply, disuse, disease or hormonal changes.
choroidal atrophy A group of ocular degenerations of the choroid. These lesions have been grouped according to the area involved and the topographical pattern noted. Classical disease states include gyrate atrophy as well as choroideremia. These lesions are often inherited, demonstrating both autosomal recessive and dominant inheritance patterns. See choroideremia.
gyrate atrophy An autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the mitochondrial matrix enzyme ornithine keto-acid aminotransferase that catalyzes several amino acid pathways. The signs consist of circular degenerative patches of chorioretinal atrophy beginning near the equator during the teenage years and gradually increasing in number and enlarging to form a whole area with a scalloped border. There is a gradual loss of the visual field, axial myopia, nyctalopia and eventually central vision becomes impaired. Treatment includes pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplement and arginine-restricted diet.
optic atrophy Degeneration of the optic nerve fibres characterized by a pallor of the optic disc which may appear greyish, yellowish or white. This condition leads to a loss of visual acuity or changes in the visual fields or both. The change in colour of the disc is due to a loss of the normal capillarity of the disc and to a deposition of fibrin or glial tissue which replaces the nerve fibres. 1. Primary or simple optic atrophy. The disc margins are well defined and usually the lamina cribrosa is unobscured. The colour is pale pink to white. Causes include compression by tumours and Leber's hereditary optic atrophy. 2. Secondary optic atrophy. The difference with the former is that in this condition there is evidence of preceding oedema or inflammation. The margins of the disc appear blurred and glial proliferation is present over the surface of the disc, thus obscuring the lamina cribrosa. The colour is yellowish to grey. Papilloedema gives rise to secondary optic atrophy. See open-angle glaucoma; Leber's hereditary optic atrophy; Foster Kennedy syndrome.at·ro·phy (at'rŏ-fē) A wasting of tissues, organs, or the entire body, as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, lessened function, or hormonal changes. [G. atrophia, fr. a- priv. + trophē, nourishment]atrophyenUK
Related to atrophy: dystrophy, Cerebral atrophySynonyms for atrophyverb waste awaySynonyms- waste away
- waste
- shrink
- diminish
- deteriorate
- decay
- dwindle
- wither
- wilt
- degenerate
- shrivel
verb declineSynonyms- decline
- waste
- fade
- shrink
- diminish
- deteriorate
- dwindle
- wither
- wilt
- degenerate
- shrivel
- waste away
noun wasting awaySynonyms- wasting away
- decline
- wasting
- decay
- decaying
- withering
- deterioration
- meltdown
- shrivelling
- degeneration
- diminution
noun wastingSynonyms- wasting
- decline
- decay
- decaying
- withering
- deterioration
- meltdown
- shrivelling
- degeneration
- diminution
- wasting away
Synonyms for atrophynoun descent to a lower level or conditionSynonyms- decadence
- declension
- declination
- decline
- degeneracy
- degeneration
- deterioration
verb to become lower in quality, character, or conditionSynonyms- decline
- degenerate
- descend
- deteriorate
- retrograde
- sink
- worsen
Synonyms for atrophynoun a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuseSynonymsRelated Words- amyotrophia
- amyotrophy
- tabes
- symptom
- kraurosis
noun any weakening or degeneration (especially through lack of use)SynonymsRelated Wordsverb undergo atrophyRelated Words- shrink
- shrivel
- shrivel up
- wither
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