atropine

(ăt`rəpēn, –pĭn), alkaloid drug derived from belladonnabelladonna
or deadly nightshade,
poisonous perennial plant, Atropa belladona, of the nightshade family. Native to Europe and now grown in the United States, the plant has reddish, bell-shaped flowers and shiny black berries.
..... Click the link for more information. and other plants of the family Solanaceae (nightshade family). Available either as the tincture or extract of belladonna, or as the pure substance atropine sulfate, it is a depressantdepressant,
any one of various substances that diminish functional activity, usually by depressing the nervous system. Barbiturates, sedatives, alcohol, and meprobamate are all depressants. Depressants have various modes of action and effects.
..... Click the link for more information. of the parasympathetic nervous systemnervous system,
network of specialized tissue that controls actions and reactions of the body and its adjustment to the environment. Virtually all members of the animal kingdom have at least a rudimentary nervous system.
..... Click the link for more information. . It has some chemical similarity to the body substance acetylcholineacetylcholine
, a small organic molecule liberated at nerve endings as a neurotransmitter. It is particularly important in the stimulation of muscle tissue. The transmission of an impulse to the end of the nerve causes it to release neurotransmitter molecules onto the surface of
..... Click the link for more information. and interferes with nerve impulses transmitted by that substance. Atropine produces rapid heart rate, dilated pupils, dry skin, and anesthetizes the nerve endings in the skin. Because it relaxes smooth muscle and suppresses gland and mucous secretions, it has been used to treat peptic ulcer by reducing the production of stomach acid. Atropine is given before general anesthesia to keep the air passages clear and is an ingredient in various preparations for symptomatic relief of colds and asthma. It also acts as an antidote in poisoning from such agents as mushrooms, morphine, prussic acid, and nerve gas, but overdosage causes delirium, convulsions, and coma. A related alkaloid, scopolaminescopolamine
or hyoscine
, alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), chiefly from henbane, Hyoscyamus niger. Structurally similar to the nerve substance acetylcholine, scopolamine acts by interfering with the transmission of nerve
..... Click the link for more information. , is used mainly as a sedativesedative,
any of a variety of drugs that relieve anxiety. Most sedatives act as mild depressants of the nervous system, lessening general nervous activity or reducing the irritability or activity of a specific organ.
..... Click the link for more information. .

atropine

[′a·trə‚pēn] (pharmacology) C₁₇H₂₃O₃N An alkaloid extracted from Atropa belladonna and related plants of the family Solanaceae; used to relieve muscle spasms and pain, and to dilate the pupil of the eye.

atropine

, atropin a poisonous alkaloid obtained from deadly nightshade, having an inhibitory action on the autonomic nervous system. It is used medicinally in pre-anaesthetic medication, to speed a slow heart rate, and as an emergency first-aid counter to exposure to chemical warfare nerve agents. Formula: C₁₇H₂₃NO₃

atropine

[at´ro-pēn] an anticholinergic alkaloid found in belladonna; it acts as a competitive antagonist of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, blocking stimulation of muscles and glands by parasympathetic and cholinergic sympathetic nerves; used as the sulfate salt as a smooth relaxant" >muscle relaxant, as an antiarrhythmic, as a preanesthetic to reduce secretions, as an antidote to poisoning by organophosphorus compounds, cholinesterase inhibitors, or muscarine, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic.atropine poisoning severe toxic reaction due to overdosage of atropine. Symptoms include dryness of mouth, thirst, difficulty in swallowing, dilated pupils, tachycardia, fever, delirium, stupor, and a rash on the face, neck, and upper trunk.
Treatment of atropine poisoning: This will depend on the patient, dose, and route of administration. A poison control center and emergency service should be contacted immediately if poisoning occurs in the home. Measures to be anticipated in the clinical setting include airway maintenance, monitoring, control of temperature, lavage, and sometimes administration of charcoal" >activated charcoal.

at·ro·pine

(at'rō-pēn), A racemic mixture of d- and l- hyoscyamine, alkaloids obtained from the leaves and roots of Atropa belladonna; an anticholinergic, with diverse effects (tachycardia, mydriasis, cycloplegia, constipation, urinary retention, antisudorific) attributable to reversible competitive blockade of acetylcholine at muscarinic type cholinergic receptors; most commonly used in the treatment of poisoning with organophosphate insecticides or nerve gases, as well as certain types of bradydysrhythmias and to prevent secretions during preparation for general anesthesia. The (-) form is by far the more active. Synonym(s): dl-hyoscyamine, tropine tropate

atropine

(ăt′rə-pēn′, -pĭn) also

atropin

(-pĭn)n. A poisonous, bitter, crystalline alkaloid, C₁₇H₂₃NO₃, obtained from belladonna and other related plants. It is used to dilate the pupils of the eyes and as an antispasmodic.

atropine

Therapeutics A racemic mixture of toxic alkaloids extracted from Atropa belladonna, a competitive antagonist of anticholinergics Effects Tachycardia, ↓ salivation, GI motility–constipation, sweating, cycloplegia, mydriasis, urinary retention, bronchodilation Therapeutic use Bronchodilator, reverses effects of organophosphate pesticides, nerve gases Contraindications Narrow-angle glaucoma, synechiae between iris and lens, GI obstruction, obstructive uropathy, megacolon, GERD, unstable cardiovascular disease and acute hemorrhage, tachycardia, myasthenia gravis

atropine

A bitter, poisonous alkaloid obtained from the plant Atropa belladonna (‘deadly nightshade’) and the seeds of the Thorn-apple. It blocks acetyl choline receptors and is used to relax spasm in smooth muscle in the intestines and other organs. It is also extensively used by ophthalmologists to dilate the pupil of the eye in the treatment of inflammatory disease and sometimes to facilitate examination. The drug is on the WHO official list. The generic term derives from the Greek a , not, and tropos , turning. Atropos was one of the three fates noted for her inexorable tendency to cut the thread of life.

atropine

a poisonous chemical obtained from the deadly nightshade that prevents depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane and therefore prevents synaptic transmission, in a similar way to CURARE. It is used medicinally in preanaesthetic medication and to treat peptic ulcers, renal and biliary colic, etc.

Atropine

A poisonous alkaloid obtained from belladonna or related plants, used medically to dilate the pupils of the eyes and to stop spasms.Mentioned in: Fugu Poisoning

atropine

An alkaloid obtained from the belladonna plant. It is an antimuscarinic drug. In the eye it acts as a mydriatic and as a cycloplegic. It paralyses the pupillary sphincter and the ciliary muscle by preventing the action of acetylcholine at the parasympathetic nerve endings. See acetylcholine; cycloplegia; mydriatic.

at·ro·pine

(at'rō-pēn) Mixture of d- and l- hyoscyamine, alkaloids obtained from the leaves and roots of Atropa belladonna; an anticholinergic, with diverse effects attributable to reversible competitive blockade of acetylcholine at muscarinic type cholinergic receptors.

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Words related to atropine

noun a poisonous crystalline alkaloid extracted from the nightshade family

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