Rapallo, Treaty of 1920

a treaty fixing the border between Italy and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (since 1929, Yugoslavia), signed on November 12, in Rapallo, Italy.

By the treaty Italy waived its claims to Dalmatia. The border between the two states was established along the watershed of the Soča and Sava rivers. Italy obtained from the former Aus-tro-Hungarian Empire almost all of Istria with Trieste and Pula, as well as Opatija, a coastal strip to connect with Rijeka (now Fiume), and other areas. Italy also received the islands of Cres, LoSinj, Laštovo, and Palagruža on the Dalmatian coast and the port of Zara (Zadar). Both sides recognized Rijeka with its surrounding district and part of the adjoining territory as an “independent state.” The treaty granted Italy territories in which 70 percent of the population was Slavic.

The Treaty of Paris of 1947, concluded between Italy and the victor states in World War II, turned the territories over to Yugoslavia, except for Trieste, which, together with a small district, was established as the so-called Free Territory of Trieste.