Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

substance

[sub´stans] 1. physical material that has form and weight; called also matter.2. the material constituting an organ or body.3. substance" >psychoactive substance.substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, created in 1992 to oversee the quality and availability of programs for prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of abuse" >substance abuse and related mental health problems.black substance substantia nigra.controlled substance a psychoactive substance that is regulated under the controlled substances act. See table at drug dependence.depressor substance 1. vasodepressor.2. depressant.gray substance matter" >gray matter.ground substance the gel-like material in which connective tissue cells and fibers are embedded.substance-induced disorders a subgroup of the substance-related disorders" >substance-related disorders comprising a variety of behavioral or psychological anomalies resulting from ingestion of or exposure to a drug of abuse, medication, or toxin. Included are substance intoxication, substance withdrawal, and other mental disorders such as dementia, mood disorder, and psychotic disorder when they are specifically caused by a substance. See also substance use disorders.medullary substance 1. the white matter of the central nervous system, consisting of axons and their myelin sheaths.2. the soft, marrow-like substance of the interior of such structures as bone, kidney, and adrenal gland.müllerian inhibiting substance a glycoprotein produced by the Sertoli cells of the fetal testis that acts ipsilaterally in the male to suppress the müllerian ducts, consequently preventing development of the uterus and fallopian tubes, thus helping to control formation of the male phenotype.substance P a peptide composed of 11 amino acids, present in nerve cells scattered throughout the body and in special endocrine cells in the gut; it increases the contractions of gastrointestinal smooth muscle and causes vasodilatation; it is one of the most potent vasoactive substances known, and it seems to be a sensory neurotransmitter involving pain, touch, and temperature.perforated substance 1. anterior perforated substance, an area anterolateral to each optic tract, pierced by branches of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.2. posterior perforated substance, an area between the cerebral peduncles, pierced by branches of the posterior cerebral arteries.pressor substance vasopressor (def. 2).psychoactive substance (psychotropic substance) any chemical compound that affects the mind or mental processes, particularly a drug used therapeutically in psychiatry, or any of various other types of mind-altering substances such as drugs of abuse and some toxins. See also table at drug dependence. Called also psychoactive agent or drug and psychotropic agent or drug.

There are several different classes of psychoactive substances: antidepressants are used for the relief of symptoms of major depression. lithium is the most common agent used to treat manic episodes of bipolar disorder" >bipolar disorder. antipsychotic agents (or major tranquilizers) are used for management of the manifestations of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia" >schizophrenia. antianxiety agents (called also minor tranquilizers), such as diazepam" >diazepam (Valium), are used for relief of anxiety disorders. While none of these drugs can effect a cure, they can reduce the severity of symptoms and permit the patient to resume more normal activity.
Also included in the category of psychotropic drugs are many other substances that affect the mind but are not used to treat mental disorders, including stimulants" >stimulants such as caffeine, amphetamines, and cocaine" >cocaine; opiates" >opiates; and hallucinogens" >hallucinogens.substance-related disorders any of the mental disorders associated with excessive use of or exposure to psychoactive substances, including drugs of abuse, medications, and toxins. The group is divided into substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders, each of which is specified on the basis of etiology, such as alcohol use disorders. See also drug abuse and drug dependence.slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis SRS-A, an inflammatory agent released by mast cells in the anaphylactic reaction. It induces slow, prolonged contraction of certain smooth muscles and is an important mediator of allergic bronchial asthma.threshold s's those substances in the blood, such as glucose, that are excreted when they reach their threshold" >renal threshold.transmitter substance neurotransmitter.substance use disorders a subgroup of the substance-related disorders, in which substance" >psychoactive substance use or abuse repeatedly results in significantly adverse consequences. The group comprises substance abuse (see drug abuse) and substance dependence (see drug dependence); specific disorders or groups of disorders are named on the basis of etiology, e.g., alcohol use disorders, alcohol abuse, and alcohol dependence.white substance matter" >white matter.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an operating division of the Health and Human Services Department (HHS), was established in 1992 by the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Reorganization Act (Pub. L. No. 102-321). SAMHSA provides national leadership in the prevention and treatment of addictive and mental disorders, through programs and services for individuals who suffer from these disorders. SAMSHA works in partnership with states, communities, and private organizations in order to provide treatment and rehabilitative services to affected persons. In fiscal year 2002 the agency's budget was over three billion dollars. SAMSHA employs about 550 staff members.

Within SAMHSA are several major centers designated to carry out its purposes. The Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) develops and implements federal policy for the prevention of alcohol and drug abuse, and analyzes the effect of other federal, state, and local programs also designed to prevent such abuse. CSAP administers and operates grant programs for the prevention of alcohol and drug abuse among specific populations, such as high-risk youth and women with dependent children, and in particular settings, including schools and the workplace. CSAP also supports training for health professionals working in alcohol and drug abuse education and prevention.

The Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) provides national leadership in developing and administering programs focusing on the treatment of substance abuse. CSAT works with states, local communities, and healthcare providers by providing financial assistance to improve and expand programs for treating substance abuse. CSAT, like CSAP, also focuses on specific populations by administering and evaluating grant programs like the Comprehensive Residential Drug Prevention and Treatment Program, which treats women who abuse substances, and their children, and helps to train healthcare providers working in substance abuse prevention.

The Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) promotes, on the federal level, the prevention and treatment of mental disorders, by identifying national mental health goals and developing strategies to meet them. CMHS works to improve the quality of programs that serve both the individuals suffering from these disorders and their families. Like other component centers carrying out the goals of SAMHSA, CMHS administers grants and programs that help states and local governments provide mental healthcare and services. CMHS also works with the alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health institutes of the National Institutes of Health, the principal biomedical research agency of the federal government, in researching the effective delivery of mental health services.

The Office of Management, Planning, and Communications (OMPC) is responsible for the financial and administrative management of SAMHSA components, including their personnel management and computer support functions. OMPC also monitors and analyzes pending legislation affecting SAMHSA components and acts as a liaison between SAMHSA and congressional committees. In addition, OMPC oversees the public affairs activities of SAMHSA, including public relations and interaction with the media to facilitate coverage of SAMHSA programs and objectives. Finally, OMPC collects and compiles alcohol and drug abuse prevention and treatment literature and supports the CSAP National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information. The clearing-house then disseminates its materials to state and local governments, healthcare and drug treatment programs, healthcare professionals, and the general public.

Over the years SAMSHA has identified new topics and activities that build on prevention goals and systems of care for persons dealing with mental illness, substance use or abuse. SAMSHA research has provided the basis for numerous initiatives regarding communitybased prevention, identification, and treatment programs. Despite these efforts SAMSHA issued a press release in January 2003 indicating that prescription drug abuse by teenagers and young adults was continuing to increase.

Cross-references

Addict; Drugs and Narcotics.

单词	substance abuse and mental health services administration
释义	DictionarySeesubstance Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration substance [sub´stans] 1. physical material that has form and weight; called also matter.2. the material constituting an organ or body.3. substance" >psychoactive substance.substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, created in 1992 to oversee the quality and availability of programs for prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of abuse" >substance abuse and related mental health problems.black substance substantia nigra.controlled substance a psychoactive substance that is regulated under the controlled substances act. See table at drug dependence.depressor substance 1. vasodepressor.2. depressant.gray substance matter" >gray matter.ground substance the gel-like material in which connective tissue cells and fibers are embedded.substance-induced disorders a subgroup of the substance-related disorders" >substance-related disorders comprising a variety of behavioral or psychological anomalies resulting from ingestion of or exposure to a drug of abuse, medication, or toxin. Included are substance intoxication, substance withdrawal, and other mental disorders such as dementia, mood disorder, and psychotic disorder when they are specifically caused by a substance. See also substance use disorders.medullary substance 1. the white matter of the central nervous system, consisting of axons and their myelin sheaths.2. the soft, marrow-like substance of the interior of such structures as bone, kidney, and adrenal gland.müllerian inhibiting substance a glycoprotein produced by the Sertoli cells of the fetal testis that acts ipsilaterally in the male to suppress the müllerian ducts, consequently preventing development of the uterus and fallopian tubes, thus helping to control formation of the male phenotype.substance P a peptide composed of 11 amino acids, present in nerve cells scattered throughout the body and in special endocrine cells in the gut; it increases the contractions of gastrointestinal smooth muscle and causes vasodilatation; it is one of the most potent vasoactive substances known, and it seems to be a sensory neurotransmitter involving pain, touch, and temperature.perforated substance 1. anterior perforated substance, an area anterolateral to each optic tract, pierced by branches of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.2. posterior perforated substance, an area between the cerebral peduncles, pierced by branches of the posterior cerebral arteries.pressor substance vasopressor (def. 2).psychoactive substance (psychotropic substance) any chemical compound that affects the mind or mental processes, particularly a drug used therapeutically in psychiatry, or any of various other types of mind-altering substances such as drugs of abuse and some toxins. See also table at drug dependence. Called also psychoactive agent or drug and psychotropic agent or drug. There are several different classes of psychoactive substances: antidepressants are used for the relief of symptoms of major depression. lithium is the most common agent used to treat manic episodes of bipolar disorder" >bipolar disorder. antipsychotic agents (or major tranquilizers) are used for management of the manifestations of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia" >schizophrenia. antianxiety agents (called also minor tranquilizers), such as diazepam" >diazepam (Valium), are used for relief of anxiety disorders. While none of these drugs can effect a cure, they can reduce the severity of symptoms and permit the patient to resume more normal activity. Also included in the category of psychotropic drugs are many other substances that affect the mind but are not used to treat mental disorders, including stimulants" >stimulants such as caffeine, amphetamines, and cocaine" >cocaine; opiates" >opiates; and hallucinogens" >hallucinogens.substance-related disorders any of the mental disorders associated with excessive use of or exposure to psychoactive substances, including drugs of abuse, medications, and toxins. The group is divided into substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders, each of which is specified on the basis of etiology, such as alcohol use disorders. See also drug abuse and drug dependence.slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis SRS-A, an inflammatory agent released by mast cells in the anaphylactic reaction. It induces slow, prolonged contraction of certain smooth muscles and is an important mediator of allergic bronchial asthma.threshold s's those substances in the blood, such as glucose, that are excreted when they reach their threshold" >renal threshold.transmitter substance neurotransmitter.substance use disorders a subgroup of the substance-related disorders, in which substance" >psychoactive substance use or abuse repeatedly results in significantly adverse consequences. The group comprises substance abuse (see drug abuse) and substance dependence (see drug dependence); specific disorders or groups of disorders are named on the basis of etiology, e.g., alcohol use disorders, alcohol abuse, and alcohol dependence.white substance matter" >white matter. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an operating division of the Health and Human Services Department (HHS), was established in 1992 by the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration Reorganization Act (Pub. L. No. 102-321). SAMHSA provides national leadership in the prevention and treatment of addictive and mental disorders, through programs and services for individuals who suffer from these disorders. SAMSHA works in partnership with states, communities, and private organizations in order to provide treatment and rehabilitative services to affected persons. In fiscal year 2002 the agency's budget was over three billion dollars. SAMSHA employs about 550 staff members. Within SAMHSA are several major centers designated to carry out its purposes. The Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) develops and implements federal policy for the prevention of alcohol and drug abuse, and analyzes the effect of other federal, state, and local programs also designed to prevent such abuse. CSAP administers and operates grant programs for the prevention of alcohol and drug abuse among specific populations, such as high-risk youth and women with dependent children, and in particular settings, including schools and the workplace. CSAP also supports training for health professionals working in alcohol and drug abuse education and prevention. The Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) provides national leadership in developing and administering programs focusing on the treatment of substance abuse. CSAT works with states, local communities, and healthcare providers by providing financial assistance to improve and expand programs for treating substance abuse. CSAT, like CSAP, also focuses on specific populations by administering and evaluating grant programs like the Comprehensive Residential Drug Prevention and Treatment Program, which treats women who abuse substances, and their children, and helps to train healthcare providers working in substance abuse prevention. The Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) promotes, on the federal level, the prevention and treatment of mental disorders, by identifying national mental health goals and developing strategies to meet them. CMHS works to improve the quality of programs that serve both the individuals suffering from these disorders and their families. Like other component centers carrying out the goals of SAMHSA, CMHS administers grants and programs that help states and local governments provide mental healthcare and services. CMHS also works with the alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health institutes of the National Institutes of Health, the principal biomedical research agency of the federal government, in researching the effective delivery of mental health services. The Office of Management, Planning, and Communications (OMPC) is responsible for the financial and administrative management of SAMHSA components, including their personnel management and computer support functions. OMPC also monitors and analyzes pending legislation affecting SAMHSA components and acts as a liaison between SAMHSA and congressional committees. In addition, OMPC oversees the public affairs activities of SAMHSA, including public relations and interaction with the media to facilitate coverage of SAMHSA programs and objectives. Finally, OMPC collects and compiles alcohol and drug abuse prevention and treatment literature and supports the CSAP National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information. The clearing-house then disseminates its materials to state and local governments, healthcare and drug treatment programs, healthcare professionals, and the general public. Over the years SAMSHA has identified new topics and activities that build on prevention goals and systems of care for persons dealing with mental illness, substance use or abuse. SAMSHA research has provided the basis for numerous initiatives regarding communitybased prevention, identification, and treatment programs. Despite these efforts SAMSHA issued a press release in January 2003 indicating that prescription drug abuse by teenagers and young adults was continuing to increase. Further readings Erickson, Patricia, ed. 1997. Harm Reduction: A New Direction for Drug Policies and Programs. Toronto: Toronto Univ. Press. Gray, James P. 2001. Why Our Drug Laws Have Failed and What We Can Do About It: A Judicial Indictment of the War on Drugs. Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Press. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Available online at <www.samhsa.gov> (accessed August 13, 2003). Cross-references Addict; Drugs and Narcotics. AcronymsSeeSAMSA
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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

substance

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Further readings

Cross-references