| 释义 |
rotary joint
rotary jointn. See pivot joint.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  rotary joint - a freely moving joint in which movement is limited to rotation; "the articulation of the radius and ulna in the arm is a pivot joint"articulatio trochoidea, pivot joint, rotatory jointarticulatio synovialis, diarthrosis, synovial joint - a joint so articulated as to move freely |
rotary joint
rotary joint[′rōd·ə·rē ′jȯint] (electromagnetism) rotating joint rotary joint
joint [joint] the site of the junction or union of two or more bones of the body; its primary function is to provide motion and flexibility to the frame of the body. Some are immovable, such as the sutures" >sutures where segments of bone are fused together in the skull. Others, such as those between the vertebrae, are gliding joints and have limited motion. However, most joints allow considerable motion. The most common type are the synovial joints, which have a complex internal structure, composed not only of ends of bones but also of ligaments, cartilage, the capsule" >articular capsule, the membrane" >synovial membrane, and sometimes bursae.acromioclavicular joint the point at which the clavicle joins with the acromion.ankle joint the joint between the foot and the leg; see ankle" >ankle.arthrodial joint gliding joint.ball-and-socket joint a synovial joint in which the rounded or spheroidal surface of one bone (the “ball”) moves within a cup-shaped depression (the “socket”) on another bone, allowing greater freedom of movement than any other type of joint. See illustration. Called also polyaxial or spheroidal joint.bicondylar joint a condylar joint with a meniscus between the articular surfaces, as in the temporomandibular joint.cartilaginous joint a type of synarthrosis" >synarthrosis in which the bones are united by cartilage, providing slight flexible movement; the two types are synchondrosis" >synchondrosis and symphysis" >symphysis.composite joint (compound joint) a type of synovial joint in which more than two bones are involved.condylar joint (condyloid joint) one in which an ovoid head of one bone moves in an elliptical cavity of another, permitting all movements except axial rotation; this type is found at the wrist, connecting the radius and carpal bones, and at the base of the index finger. See illustration.diarthrodial joint synovial joint.elbow joint the synovial joint between the humerus, ulna, and radius. See also elbow.ellipsoidal joint condylar joint.facet j's the articulations of the vertebral column.fibrous joint a joint in which the union of bony elements is by continuous intervening fibrous tissue, which makes little motion possible; the three types are suture, syndesmosis, and gomphosis. Called also immovable or synarthrodial joint and synarthrosis.flail joint an unusually mobile joint, such as results when joint resection is done to relieve pain.glenohumeral joint the synovial joint formed by the head of the humerus" >humerus and the cavity" >glenoid cavity of the scapula" >scapula. Called also humeral joint and shoulder joint.gliding joint a synovial joint in which the opposed surfaces are flat or only slightly curved, so that the bones slide against each other in a simple and limited way. The intervertebral joints are this type, and many of the small bones of the wrist and ankle also meet in gliding joints. Called also arthrodial joint and plane joint.hinge joint a synovial joint that allows movement in only one plane, forward and backward. Examples are the elbow and the interphalangeal joints of the fingers. The jaw is primarily a hinge joint but it can also move somewhat from side to side. The knee and ankle joints are hinge joints that also allow some rotary movement. See illustration. Called also ginglymus.hip joint the synovial joint formed at the head of the femur" >femur and the acetabulum" >acetabulum of the hip. See illustration at hip.humeral joint joint" >glenohumeral joint.immovable joint fibrous j.knee joint the compound joint between the femur, patella, and tibia.pivot joint a synovial joint in which one bone pivots within a bony or an osseoligamentous ring, allowing only rotary movement; an example is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae (the atlas and axis). See illustration. Called also rotary or trochoid joint.plane joint gliding joint.polyaxial joint ball-and-socket joint.rotary joint pivot joint.sacroiliac joint the joint between the sacrum and ilium in the lower back; see also sacroiliac joint" >sacroiliac joint.saddle joint a synovial joint whose movement resembles that of a rider on horseback, who can shift in several directions at will; there is a saddle joint at the base of the thumb, so that the thumb is more flexible and complex than the other fingers but is also more difficult to treat if injured. shoulder joint humeral joint.simple joint a type of synovial joint in which only two bones are involved.spheroidal joint ball-and-socket joint.synarthrodial joint fibrous j.synovial joint a specialized joint that permits more or less free movement, the union of the bony elements being surrounded by an capsule" >articular capsule enclosing a cavity lined by membrane" >synovial membrane. Called also articulation and diarthrosis. A capillary network in the synovial membrane provides nutrients and synovial fluid to nourish and lubricate the joint space. Strong fibrous bands or cords (ligaments) give strength and security to synovial joints. The majority of the body's joints are of this type. They are divided into five types according to structure and motion: ball and socket, gliding, saddle, hinge, and pivot. Joints.trochoid joint pivot joint.temporomandibular joint (TMJ) a bicondylar joint formed by the head of the mandible and the mandibular fossa, and the articular tubercle of the bone" >temporal bone. See also temporomandibular joint disorder.piv·ot joint [TA] a synovial joint in which a section of a cylinder of one bone fits into a corresponding cavity on the other, as in the proximal radioulnar joint. Synonym(s): articulatio trochoidea [TA], helicoid ginglymus, lateral ginglymus, rotary joint, rotatory joint, trochoid articulation, trochoid jointrotary jointn. See pivot joint.piv·ot joint (piv'ŏt joynt) [TA] A synovial joint in which a section of a cylinder of one bone fits into a corresponding cavity on the other.
Synonym(s): rotary joint, rotatory joint, trochoid joint. joint (joynt) [Fr. jointe, fr L. junctio, a joining]  TYPES OF JOINTS TYPES OF JOINTS TYPES OF JOINTS TYPES OF JOINTS TYPES OF JOINTS TYPES OF JOINTSThe place where two or more bones meet. Some joints are fixed or immobile attachments of bones; other joints allow the bones to move along each other. A joint usually has a thin, smooth articular cartilage on each bony surface and is enclosed by a joint capsule of fibrous connective tissue. A joint is classified as immovable (synarthrodial), slightly movable (amphiarthrodial), or freely movable (diarthrodial). A synarthrodial joint is one in which the two bones are separated only by an intervening membrane, such as the cranial sutures. An amphiarthrodial joint is one having a fibrocartilaginous disk between the bony surfaces (symphysis), such as the symphysis pubis; or one with a ligament uniting the two bones (syndesmosis), such as the tibiofibular articulation. A diarthrodial joint is one in which the adjoining bone ends are covered with a thin cartilaginous sheet and joined by a joint capsule lined by a synovial membrane, which secretes synovial fluid. Synonym: arthrosis (1) See: illustrationMovementJoints are also grouped according to their motion: ball and socket (enarthrodial); hinge (ginglymoid); condyloid; pivot (trochoid); gliding (arthrodial); and saddle joint. Joints can move in four ways: gliding, in which one bony surface glides on another without angular or rotatory movement; angulation, occurring only between long bones, increasing or decreasing the angle between the bones; circumduction, occurring in joints composed of the head of a bone and an articular cavity, the long bone describing a series of circles, the whole forming a cone; and rotation, in which a bone moves about a central axis without moving from this axis. Angular movement, if it occurs forward or backward, is called flexion or extension, respectively; away from the body, abduction; and toward the median plane of the body, adduction. Because of their location and constant use, joints are prone to stress, injury, and inflammation. The main diseases affecting the joints are rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout. Injuries comprise contusions, sprains, dislocations, and penetrating wounds. acromioclavicular joint Abbreviation: AC joint
A gliding or plane joint between the acromion and the acromial end of the clavicle.amphidiarthrodial jointA joint that is both ginglymoid and arthrodial. ankle jointAnkle.arthrodial jointDiarthrosis permitting a gliding motion. Synonym: gliding jointball-and-socket jointA joint in which the round end of one bone fits into the cavity of another bone. Synonym: enarthrodial joint; multiaxial joint; polyaxial jointbiaxial jointA joint with two chief movement axes at right angles to each other.bilocular jointA joint separated into two sections by interarticular cartilage.bleeders' jointHemorrhage into joint space in hemophiliacs. Synonym: hemophilic jointBudin joint See: Budin jointcartilaginous jointA joint with cartilage between the bones. Charcot joint See: Charcot, Jean M.Chopart joint See: Chopart, FrançoisClutton joint See: Clutton jointcochlear jointA hinge joint permitting lateral motion. Synonym: spiral joint compound jointA joint made up of several bones. condylar jointEllipsoid joint.condyloid jointA joint permitting all forms of angular movement except axial rotation.cracking jointThe sound produced by forcible movement of a joint by contracting the muscles that contract or extend a joint, esp. the metacarpophalangeal joints. The cause is not known. See: crepitationcraniomandibular jointEither of the encapsulated, double synovial joints between the condylar processes of the mandible and the temporal bones of the cranium. The double synovial joints are separated by an articular disk and function as an upper gliding joint and a lower modified hinge or ginglymoid joint. Synonym: temporomandibular joint See: diarthrodial jointA joint characterized by the presence of a cavity within the capsule separating the bones, permitting considerable freedom of movement.dry jointArthritis of the chronic villous type. elbow jointThe hinge joint between the humerus and the ulna. ellipsoid jointA joint with two axes of motion through the same bone. Synonym: condylar jointenarthrodial jointBall-and-socket joint.facet jointAny of the zygapophyseal joints of the vertebral column between the articulating facets of each pair of vertebrae. false jointA false joint formation after a fracture. fibrous jointAny of the joints connected by fibrous tissue. flail jointA joint that is extremely relaxed, the distal portion of the limb being almost beyond the control of the will. ginglymoid jointA synovial joint having only forward and backward motion, as a hinge. Synonym: ginglymus See: hinge jointgliding jointArthrodial joint.hemophilic jointBleeders' joint.hinge jointa synovial joint in which two bones flex and extend in only one plane, usually because side (collateral) ligaments limit the direction of motion, e.g., elbow joint.hip jointA synovial ball-and-socket joint in which the head of the femur fits into the acetabulum of the hip bone. More than seven separate ligaments hold the joint together and restrict its movements. immovable jointSynarthrosis.intercarpal jointAny of the articulations formed by the carpal bones in relation to one another.irritable jointA recurrent joint inflammation of unknown cause. knee jointThe joint formed by the femur, patella, and tibia. midcarpal jointA joint separating the navicular, lunate, and triangular bones from the distal row of carpal bones.movable jointA slightly movable or freely movable joint, amphiarthrodial and diarthrodial, respectively.multiaxial jointBall-and-socket joint.pivot jointA joint that permits rotation of a bone, the joint being formed by a pivot-like process that turns within a ring, or by a ringlike structure that turns on a pivot. Synonym: rotary joint; trochoid jointplane jointA synovial joint between bone surfaces, in which only gliding movements are possible.polyaxial jointBall-and-socket joint.joint protectionA technique for minimizing stress on joints, including proper body mechanics and the avoidance of continuous weight-bearing or deforming postures.receptive jointSaddle joint.rotary jointPivot joint.sacroiliac jointThe articulation between the sacrum and the ilium of the hip bone. Joint movement is limited because of interlocking of the articular surfaces. saddle jointA joint in which the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concavoconvex. Synonym: receptive jointshoulder jointThe ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula.simple jointA joint composed of two bones.spheroid jointA multiaxial joint with spheroid surfaces. spiral jointCochlear joint.sternoclavicular jointThe joint space between the sternum and the medial extremity of the clavicle.stiff jointA joint with reduced mobility.subtalar jointAny of the three articular surfaces on the inferior surface of the talus.sutural jointAn articulation between two cranial or facial bones. synarthrodial jointSynarthrosis.synovial jointA joint in which the articulating surfaces are separated by synovial fluid. See: joint for illustalocrural jointAnkle.tarsometatarsal jointA joint composed of three arthrodial joints, the bones of which articulate with the bases of the metatarsal bones. temporomandibular jointCraniomandibular joint.trochoid jointPivot joint.ulnomeniscal-triquetral jointThe functional articulation of the distal ulna, articular disk, and triquetrum. The disk may subluxate following injury or with arthritis and block supination of the forearm. uniaxial jointA joint moving on a single axis.unilocular jointA joint with a single cavity.FinancialSeeJointrotary joint
Related to rotary joint: pivot jointSynonyms for rotary jointnoun a freely moving joint in which movement is limited to rotationSynonyms- articulatio trochoidea
- pivot joint
- rotatory joint
Related Words- articulatio synovialis
- diarthrosis
- synovial joint
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