precipitation

pre·cip·i·ta·tion

P0511300 (prĭ-sĭp′ĭ-tā′shən)n.1. Meteorology a. Any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the earth's surface.b. The quantity of such water falling in a specific area within a specific period.2. A hastening or acceleration, especially one that is sudden or unexpected: He is responsible for the precipitation of his own demise.3. Abrupt or impulsive haste.4. A headlong fall or rush.5. Chemistry The process of separating a substance from a solution as a solid.

precipitation

(prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən) n1. (Physical Geography) meteorol a. rain, snow, sleet, dew, etc, formed by condensation of water vapour in the atmosphereb. the deposition of these on the earth's surfacec. the amount precipitated2. (Chemistry) the production or formation of a chemical precipitate3. the act of precipitating or the state of being precipitated4. rash or undue haste5. (Alternative Belief Systems) spiritualism the appearance of a spirit in bodily form; materialization

pre•cip•i•ta•tion

(prɪˌsɪp ɪˈteɪ ʃən)

n. 1. a. falling products of condensation in the atmosphere, as rain, snow, or hail. b. the amount of rain, snow, hail, or the like that has fallen at a given place within a given period, usu. expressed in inches or centimeters of water. 2. the act of precipitating; state of being precipitated. 3. the precipitating of a substance from a solution. 4. rash haste. [1425–75; < Latin]

pre·cip·i·ta·tion

(prĭ-sĭp′ĭ-tā′shən) A form of water, such as rain, snow, or sleet, that condenses from the atmosphere and falls to the Earth's surface.

precipitate, precipitation - Precipitate is from Latin praecipitare, "to throw or drive headlong"; precipitation first meant the action of falling or throwing down.See also related terms for throwing.

precipitation

A term for the formation of water droplets, as water vapor in the air condenses, that are large enough to start to fall. If the temperature is above 32°F (0°C) it will fall as rain, below this temperature it will fall as snow, sleet, or hail.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	precipitation - the quantity of water falling to earth at a specific place within a specified period of time; "the storm brought several inches of precipitation"indefinite quantity - an estimated quantity
	2.	precipitation - the process of forming a chemical precipitatechemical action, chemical change, chemical process - (chemistry) any process determined by the atomic and molecular composition and structure of the substances involved
	3.	precipitation - the falling to earth of any form of water (rain or snow or hail or sleet or mist)downfallfine spray - precipitation in very small dropshail - precipitation of ice pellets when there are strong rising air currentsrain, rainfall - water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmospheresleet - partially melted snow (or a mixture of rain and snow)snow, snowfall - precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystalsvirga - light wispy precipitation that evaporates before it reaches the ground (especially when the lower air is low in humidity)diamond dust, frost mist, frost snow, ice crystal, ice needle, poudrin, snow mist - small crystals of iceatmospheric condition, weather, weather condition, conditions - the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation; "they were hoping for good weather"; "every day we have weather conditions and yesterday was no exception"; "the conditions were too rainy for playing in the snow"
	4.	precipitation - the act of casting down or falling headlong from a heightdrop, fall - a free and rapid descent by the force of gravity; "it was a miracle that he survived the drop from that height"
	5.	precipitation - an unexpected acceleration or hastening; "he is responsible for the precipitation of his own demise"acceleration - an increase in rate of change; "modern science caused an acceleration of cultural change"
	6.	precipitation - overly eager speed (and possible carelessness); "he soon regretted his haste"haste, hastiness, hurriedness, hurryfastness, swiftness, speed - a rate (usually rapid) at which something happens; "the project advanced with gratifying speed"precipitance, precipitancy, precipitateness, suddenness, precipitousness, abruptness - the quality of happening with headlong haste or without warning

precipitation

noun1. Careless headlong action:haste, hastiness, hurriedness, precipitance, precipitancy, precipitateness, rashness, rush.2. Matter that settles on a bottom or collects on a surface by a natural process:deposit, dreg (often used in plural), lees, precipitate, sediment.

Translations

降雨等的量

precipitate

(priˈsipiteit) noun the substance that settles at the bottom of a liquid. 沉淀物precipitation noun the amount of rain or snow that falls on the ground. 降雨等的量

precipitation

precipitation,

in chemistry, a process in which a solid is separated from a suspension, sol, or solution. In a suspension such as sand in water the solid spontaneously precipitates (settles out) on standing. In a sol the particles are precipitated by coagulationcoagulation
, the collecting into a mass of minute particles of a solid dispersed throughout a liquid (a sol), usually followed by the precipitation or separation of the solid mass from the liquid.
..... Click the link for more information. . A solute (dissolved substance) may be precipitated from a solution by several means. A solution of salt may be concentrated by evaporation until the salt crystallizes. When a saturated solution of sugar is cooled, sugar crystals form. The addition of a solution of silver nitrate to a solution containing chloride ions results in the formation of insoluble silver chloride: AgNO₃+Cl⁻→NO₃⁻+AgCl↓. In each case the precipitate formed may settle out spontaneously or may be collected by filtration or centrifugation. It is often difficult to obtain a pure substance by a single precipitation, and a substance may be further purified by reprecipitation after it has been redissolved. The term precipitation is also applied to the separation of particles of a solid or liquid suspended in a gas.

precipitation,

in meteorology, condensed moisture that falls to the surface of the earth in the form of rainrain,
precipitation in liquid form. It consists of drops of water falling from clouds; if the drops are very small, they are collectively termed drizzle. Rain plays a key role in the hydrologic, or water, cycle in which moisture from the oceans evaporates, condenses into clouds,
..... Click the link for more information. , sleetsleet,
precipitation of small, partially melted grains of ice. As raindrops fall from clouds, they pass through layers of air at different temperatures. If they pass through a layer with a temperature below the freezing point, they turn into sleet.
..... Click the link for more information. , snowsnow,
precipitation formed by the sublimation of water vapor into solid crystals at temperatures below freezing. Sublimation resulting in the formation of snow takes place about a dust particle, as in the formation of raindrops.
..... Click the link for more information. , hailhail,
precipitation in the form of pellets composed of ice or of ice and snow, occurring at any time of the year, usually during the passage of a cold front or during a thunderstorm. Small hailstones have a soft center and a single outer coat of ice.
..... Click the link for more information. , frostfrost
or hoarfrost,
ice formed by the condensation of atmospheric water vapor on a surface when the temperature of the surface is below 32&degF; (0&degC;). In the formation of frost, a gas (water vapor) is changed directly to a solid (see dew).
..... Click the link for more information. , or dewdew,
thin film of water that has condensed on the surface of objects near the ground. Dew forms when radiational cooling of these objects during the nighttime hours also cools the shallow layer of overlying air in contact with them, causing the condensation of some water vapor.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Precipitation

All liquid or solid phase aqueous particles that originate in the atmosphere and fall to the Earth’s surface.

Precipitation

(chemistry), the separation of one or several chemical components from solution in the form of an insoluble compound, which is called the precipitate. Precipitation is one of the most fundamental and commonly encountered separation techniques in quantitative and qualitative analytical chemistry.

A compound is precipitated from solution by adding suitable reagents. In industry and chemical analysis, electrolytic precipitation is also widely used, especially with nonferrous metals. Electrolysis can also be used with oxides; for example, lead and manganese dioxides are precipitated at the anode and molybdenum and uranium oxides at the cathode. Precipitation is also used in biochemistry, public sanitation, and medical chemistry.

REFERENCES

Kolthoff, I. M., and E. B. Sandell. Kolichestvennyi analiz, 3rd ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1948. (Translated from English.)
Plaksin, I. N., and D. M. Iukhtanov. Gidrometallurgiia. Moscow, 1949.

Precipitation

(meteorology), water, in the liquid or solid state, that either falls from clouds or forms directly on the earth’s surface or on objects on the ground as a result of the condensation of water vapor in the air.

Precipitation falls from clouds when already existing cloud elements—droplets or ice crystals—grow large enough to fall at a considerable velocity. As they fall, the largest crystalline elements collide with supercooled drops and the two freeze together, or the crystals themselves freeze together to form flakes. If the solid particles pass into atmosphere layers having a temperature higher than 0°C, the solid particles melt and form raindrops. If air temperatures are near 0°C or below, the solid particles reach the ground without melting as snow, snow pellets, and so on. Hail is possible during the warm season. At temperatures slightly above or below 0°C, the coalescence of cloud elements in water clouds can cause precipitation in the form of a fine rain or drizzle.

The way clouds develop and are structured determines the type of precipitation produced. Steady precipitation of moderate intensity is produced by nimbostratus clouds, downpours originate in cumulonimbus clouds, and drizzle comes from stratus clouds.

The types of precipitation that form on the earth’s surface are called terrestrial hydrometeors and include dew, rime, and hoarfrost. Glaze ice on the earth’s surface has its atmospheric parallel in the ice that forms on an airplane in flight.

Meteorological stations use rain gages and pluviographs to measure precipitation; for large areas radar is used. The amount of precipitation is expressed as mm depth of water, and the intensity is given in mm per minute, hour, or day.

Atmospheric precipitation is one of the links in the hydrologic cycle of the earth. The amount of precipitation that occurs over several years, in an average month, in a season, or in a year is a determinant of climate and is thus of essential significance to a country’s agriculture and other branches of the economy. Other determinants are the distribution of precipitation over the earth, annual and daily cycle, frequency, and intensity.

Artificial means of producing precipitation are acquiring ever-increasing importance. The practice is to seed clouds with reagents that promote the formation of ice crystals in water clouds and the enlargement of crystals in mixed clouds.

REFERENCE

Khrgian, A. Kh. Fizika atmosfery. Leningrad, 1969.

S. P. KHROMOV

Precipitation

the reaction of sedimentation of an antigen-antibody complex; an immunologic reaction that permits determination of the antibody content in blood serum of ill or vaccinated persons or immunized animals.

When standard serums are used, the precipitation reaction can be employed to analyze the concentration and nature of antigens —that is, foreign proteins of animal or plant origin, certain polysaccharides, and so forth. The precipitation reaction is extremely sensitive and is used in immunologic diagnostics to diagnose a number of diseases of animals and man, as well as in forensic medicine (to determine whether blood belongs to a certain individual or to an animal) and in public health.

precipitation

[prə‚sip·ə′tā·shən] (chemistry) The process of producing a separable solid phase within a liquid medium; represents the formation of a new condensed phase, such as a vapor or gas condensing to liquid droplets; a new solid phase gradually precipitates within a solid alloy as a result of slow, inner chemical reaction; in analytical chemistry, precipitation is used to separate a solid phase in an aqueous solution. (immunology) Aggregation of soluble antigen by an antibody. (meteorology) Any or all of the forms of water particles, whether liquid or solid, that fall from the atmosphere and reach the ground. The amount, usually expressed in inches of liquid water depth, of the water substance that has fallen at a given point over a specified period of time.

precipitation

precast concrete (double-tee plank) At a given location, the total measurable supply of water received directly as rain, snow, hail, or sleet; usually expressed in inches (millimeters) per day, month, or year.

precipitation

PrecipitationAny condensed moisture that falls to the ground surface, such as rain, drizzle, and snow. Precipitation is classified by its duration and/or distribution. Both these classifications are shown in the tables.

precipitation

1. Meteorola. rain, snow, sleet, dew, etc., formed by condensation of water vapour in the atmosphere b. the deposition of these on the earth's surface c. the amount precipitated 2. the production or formation of a chemical precipitate 3. Spiritualism the appearance of a spirit in bodily form; materialization

precipitation

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Precipitation

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REFERENCES

Precipitation

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Synonyms for precipitation

noun careless headlong action

Synonyms

noun matter that settles on a bottom or collects on a surface by a natural process

Synonyms

Synonyms for precipitation

noun the quantity of water falling to earth at a specific place within a specified period of time

Related Words

noun the process of forming a chemical precipitate

Related Words

noun the falling to earth of any form of water (rain or snow or hail or sleet or mist)

Synonyms

Related Words

noun the act of casting down or falling headlong from a height

Related Words

noun an unexpected acceleration or hastening

Related Words

noun overly eager speed (and possible carelessness)

Synonyms

Related Words