| 释义 |
Rattleweed
Rat´tle`weed` (~wēd`)
| n. | 1. | (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Astragalus. See Milk vetch. |
EncyclopediaSeeblack cohoshrattleweed
black cohosh ( blak coe-hosh) blackcohosh, Remifemin (trade name), baneberry (trade name), black snakeroot (trade name), bugbane (trade name), phytoestrogen (trade name), rattle root (trade name), rattleweed (trade name), rattle top (trade name), squawroot (trade name) Classification Therapeutic: none assigned
Do not confuse black cohosh with blue or white cohoshManagement of menopausal symptomsPremenstrual discomfortDysmenorrheaMild sedativeRheumatismActionTherapeutic effects are produced by glycosides isolated from the fresh or dried rhizome with attached roots.Mechanism of action is unclear.Therapeutic effectsMay decrease symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, sweating, sleep disturbance, and anxiety. Has no effect on vaginal epithelium.PharmacokineticsAbsorption: Unknown.Distribution: Unknown.Metabolism and Excretion: Unknown.Half-life: Unknown.Time/action profile | ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
|---|
| PO | unknown | unknown | unknown |
Contraindications/PrecautionsContraindicated in: Obstetric: Pregnancy and lactation.Use Cautiously in: Breast cancer (may increase risk of metastasis); Hormone-sensitive cancers ; Protein S deficiency (increased risk for thrombosis); Liver disease.Adverse Reactions/Side EffectsNeurologic- seizures (in combination with evening primrose and chasteberry) (life-threatening)
- headache
- dizziness
GastrointestinalDermatologicMiscellaneous- weight gain
- cramping
- breast tenderness
- vaginal spotting/bleeding
InteractionsUnknown effects when combined with hormone replacement therapy and antiestrogens (e.g., tamoxifen ).Concurrent use with hepatotoxic drugs may ↑ risk of liver damage.Alcohol-containing preparations may interact with disulfiram and metronidazole.May ↓ cytotoxic effects of cisplatin.May precipitate hypotension when used in combination with antihypertensives.May ↑ risk of hepatotoxicity when used with chaparral, comfrey, kava-kava, and niacin.Oral (Adults) Tablets (Remifemin®)—20 mg bid. Liquid extract—0.3–2 mL bid-tid. Tincture—2–4 mL bid–tid. Dried rhizome—0.3–2 g tid. Do not use for more than 6 mo.AvailabilityAlone or in combination with other herbal medicinals: OTCTablets (Remifemin® 20 mg [best studied black cohosh product]): OTCLiquid extract (1:1 in 90% alcohol): OTCTincture (1:10 in 60% alcohol): OTCDried rhizome: Nursing implicationsNursing assessment- Assess frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms.
- Monitor BP for patients on antihypertensive drugs; may increase effects and cause hypotension.
- Assess for history of seizures or liver disease.
Potential Nursing DiagnosesSleep deprivation (Indications)
Implementation- Administration with food may help to minimize nausea.
Patient/Family Teaching- Advise patient to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected. Avoid use during pregnancy; may induce a miscarriage.
- Patients with seizures, liver dysfunction, excessive alcohol intake, cancer, or other medical problems should be advised to consult their health care professional prior to initiating self-therapy with this herb.
- Advise patient to consult health care professional before taking with other estrogen replacements.
- Emphasize the importance of continued medical supervision for Pap smears, mammograms, pelvic examinations, and BP monitoring at the intervals indicated by health care professional.
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes- Resolution of menopausal vasomotor symptoms.
black co·hosh (blak kō'hosh) A herbal made from Cimifuga racemosa and other Cimifuga spp.; widely used for its purported value in treating disorders of the female reproductive system, gastrointestinal disease, insect bites, and other uses; because of its effect on hormonal states, its use in pregnant women must be monitored very carefully.
Synonym(s): baneberry, black snake root, rattleweed, squaw root (1) . |