Pavlovsk
Pavlovsk
(päv`ləfsk), city (1989 pop. 25,500), NW Russia, a summer resort near St. Petersburg. Founded by Catherine the Great in 1777, it was named for Czar Paul I, for whose country estate it was intended. In 1796 it became the royal summer residence, and in the 19th cent. it also served as a summer residence for the nobility of St. Petersburg. Pavlovsk contains English gardens, villas, mansions, a palace (1782–86) in the Russian classical style, several park pavilions (1780–83), the Pil tower (1795–97), and the mausoleum of Paul I (early 19th cent.). From 1838 until the Bolshevik Revolution, Pavlovsk was the scene of symphonic concerts conducted by Johann Strauss, Aleksandr Glazunov, and other famous musicians. Heavily damaged during World War II, the buildings at Pavlovsk have been largely reconstructed.Pavlovsk
a city in Leningrad Oblast, RSFSR, under the jurisdiction of the Pushkin raion soviet. Situated on the Sla-vianka River. Railroad station 26 km south of Leningrad. Population, 21,000 (1970). Pavlovsk was founded in 1777 as the village of Pavlovskoe; in 1796 it was renamed Pavlovsk and designated a city. In 1837 it was joined by railroad with St. Petersburg, facilitating the city’s rapid growth.
Pavlovsk has preserved its classical palace and palace grounds, designed by C. Cameron, V. F. Brenna, P. G. Gon-zago, and others. In 1918 the palace and its grounds became a museum and presently constitute the Pavlovsk Park and Museum of Artistic Furnishings of 18th- and 19th-century Russian Palaces. The austere and elegant palace, with its fine interiors, stands on a high hill. The major part of the palace was built from 1782 to 1786. Further construction took place in 1797–99, 1803, and 1822–24. The palace consists of a main building and separate wings connected to the main building by galleries. The grounds contain diverse pavilions and structures and consist of seven large sections, forming one of the largest romantic-style parks in the world (more than 600 ha). The park has regularly planned sections adjoining the palace. In the harmonious quality of the composition, the compatibility of the architecture with its environment, and the richness of natural vistas alternating with small landscaped areas, the palace and park form one of the most outstanding landmarks of Russian architecture and landscaping. Heavily damaged by the fascist German invaders during the years 1941–44, the buildings and the park were almost completely restored by 1973. Among those who contributed to the restoration were N. V. Baranov, A. I. Naumov, F. F. Oleinik, and S. V. Popova-Gunich.
REFERENCES
Zelenova, A. I. Pavlovskii park [2nd ed.]. Leningrad, 1958.Alpatov, M. V. “Khudozhestvennoe znachenie Pavlovska.” In his book Etiudy po istorii russkogo iskusstva [vol.] 2. Moscow, 1967.
Kuchumov, A. M. Pavlovsk. Leningrad, 1972.
Pavlovsk
a city and administrative center of Pavlovsk Raion, Voronezh Oblast, RSFSR.
Pavlovsk is a landing on the left bank of the Don River at the confluence of the Don with the Osered’ River. It is situated on the Voronezh-Rostov-on-Don Highway, 37 km east of the Podgornoe railroad station on the Georgiu-Dezh-Millerovo line. It has food-processing enterprises, including a cannery, a creamery, and a food-processing combine. It also has an auto-repair shop and an asphalt-and-concrete factory. Other enterprises include a shipyard and a branch of the Don Garment Complex. Pavlovsk has a sovkhoz technicum and a pedagogical school, as well as a people’s theater and a children’s sanatorium for bone tuberculosis.
Pavlovsk
an urban-type settlement and administrative center of Pavlovsk Raion, Altai Krai, RSFSR. Located on the Kasmala River, a tributary of the Ob’, 52 km west of Barnaul. Population, 11,500 (1974). Pavlovsk has an agricultural machinery-repair plant, a butter factory, and a poultry-packing plant, as well as an agricultural technicum.