| 释义 |
stain
stain S0696600 (stān)v. stained, stain·ing, stains v.tr.1. To discolor, soil, or spot: The spilled juice stained the carpet.2. To bring into disrepute; taint or tarnish: The scandal stained the mayor's reputation.3. To change the color of (a piece of wood, for example) by applying a stain.4. To treat (a specimen for the microscope) with a reagent or dye in order to identify cell or tissue structures or microorganisms.v.intr. To produce or receive discolorations: upholstery that stains easily.n.1. A discolored or soiled spot or smudge: a stain that was difficult to scrub out.2. A diminishment of one's moral character or good reputation by being associated with something disgraceful.3. A liquid substance applied especially to wood that penetrates the surface and imparts a rich color.4. A reagent or dye used for staining microscopic specimens.
[Middle English steinen, partly from Old French desteindre, desteign-, to deprive of color (des-, dis- + teindre, to dye, from Latin tingere), and partly from Old Norse steina, to paint.]
stain′a·ble adj.stain′er n.Synonyms: stain, blot1, brand, stigma, taint
These nouns denote a mark of discredit or disgrace, as on one's good name: a stain on his honor; a blot on an otherwise clean police record; the brand of cowardice; the stigma of ignominious defeat; the taint of political corruption.stain (steɪn) vb (mainly tr) 1. to mark or discolour with patches of something that dirties: the dress was stained with coffee. 2. (Dyeing) to dye with a penetrating dyestuff or pigment3. to bring disgrace or shame on: to stain someone's honour. 4. (Biology) to colour (specimens) for microscopic study by treatment with a dye or similar reagent5. (Dyeing) to colour (specimens) for microscopic study by treatment with a dye or similar reagent6. (intr) to produce indelible marks or discoloration: does ink stain?. n7. a spot, mark, or discoloration8. a moral taint; blemish or slur9. (Biology) a dye or similar reagent, used to colour specimens for microscopic study10. (Dyeing) a dye or similar reagent, used to colour specimens for microscopic study11. (Dyeing) a solution or liquid used to penetrate the surface of a material, esp wood, and impart a rich colour without covering up the surface or grain12. (Dyeing) any dye that is made into a solution and used to colour textiles and hides[C14 steynen (vb), shortened from disteynen to remove colour from, from Old French desteindre to discolour, from des- dis-1 + teindre, from Latin tingere to tinge] ˈstainable adj ˌstainaˈbility n ˈstainer nstain (steɪn)
n. 1. a discoloration produced by foreign matter having penetrated into a material. 2. a patch of color different from that of the basic color, as on the body of an animal. 3. a cause of reproach; stigma: a stain on one's reputation. 4. a dye made into a solution for coloring woods, textiles, etc. 5. a reagent or dye used in treating a specimen for microscopic examination. v.t. 6. to discolor with spots or streaks of foreign matter. 7. to color or dye (wood, cloth, etc.). 8. to dye (a microscopic specimen) in order to give distinctness, produce contrast of tissues, etc. 9. to bring reproach or dishonor upon; blemish. v.i. 10. to produce a stain. 11. to become stained: a fabric that stains easily. [1350–1400; Middle English steynen < Old Norse steina to paint; in some senses aph. form of distain] stain′a•ble, adj. stain`a•bil′i•ty, stain′a•ble•ness, n. stain′er, n. stain
Past participle: stained
Gerund: staining
| Present |
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| I stain | | you stain | | he/she/it stains | | we stain | | you stain | | they stain |
| Preterite |
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| I stained | | you stained | | he/she/it stained | | we stained | | you stained | | they stained |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am staining | | you are staining | | he/she/it is staining | | we are staining | | you are staining | | they are staining |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have stained | | you have stained | | he/she/it has stained | | we have stained | | you have stained | | they have stained |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was staining | | you were staining | | he/she/it was staining | | we were staining | | you were staining | | they were staining |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had stained | | you had stained | | he/she/it had stained | | we had stained | | you had stained | | they had stained |
| Future |
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| I will stain | | you will stain | | he/she/it will stain | | we will stain | | you will stain | | they will stain |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have stained | | you will have stained | | he/she/it will have stained | | we will have stained | | you will have stained | | they will have stained |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be staining | | you will be staining | | he/she/it will be staining | | we will be staining | | you will be staining | | they will be staining |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been staining | | you have been staining | | he/she/it has been staining | | we have been staining | | you have been staining | | they have been staining |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been staining | | you will have been staining | | he/she/it will have been staining | | we will have been staining | | you will have been staining | | they will have been staining |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been staining | | you had been staining | | he/she/it had been staining | | we had been staining | | you had been staining | | they had been staining |
| Conditional |
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| I would stain | | you would stain | | he/she/it would stain | | we would stain | | you would stain | | they would stain |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have stained | | you would have stained | | he/she/it would have stained | | we would have stained | | you would have stained | | they would have stained |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | stain - a soiled or discolored appearance; "the wine left a dark stain"discoloration, discolourationappearance, visual aspect - outward or visible aspect of a person or thingscorch - a discoloration caused by heatbloodstain - a discoloration caused by bloodiron mold, iron mould - a spot caused the staining with rust or inkmud stain - a stain produced by mudoil stain - a stain produced by oiltarnish - discoloration of metal surface caused by oxidation | | 2. | stain - (microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visiblemicroscopy - research with the use of microscopescrystal violet, gentian violet - a green crystal (violet in water) used as a dye or stain or bactericide or fungicide or anthelmintic or burn treatmentmethylene blue, methylthionine chloride - a dark green dye used as a stain, an antiseptic, a chemical indicator, and an antidote in cyanide poisoningcoloring material, colour, colouring material, color - any material used for its color; "she used a different color for the trim"counterstain - a stain of contrasting color that is used when the principal stain does not show the structure clearly | | 3. |  stain - the state of being covered with unclean thingsgrime, grunge, soil, dirt, filth, greasedirtiness, uncleanness - the state of being unsanitary | | 4. | stain - a symbol of disgrace or infamy; "And the Lord set a mark upon Cain"--Genesisstigma, brand, markdemerit - a mark against a person for misconduct or failure; usually given in school or armed forces; "ten demerits and he loses his privileges"bend sinister, bar sinister - a mark of bastardy; lines from top right to bottom leftcloven foot, cloven hoof - the mark of Satansymbol - an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance | | 5. | stain - an act that brings discredit to the person who does it; "he made a huge blot on his copybook"blot, smirch, smear, spoterror, fault, mistake - a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention; "he made a bad mistake"; "she was quick to point out my errors"; "I could understand his English in spite of his grammatical faults" | | Verb | 1. | stain - color with a liquid dye or tint; "Stain this table a beautiful walnut color"; "people knew how to stain glass a beautiful blue in the middle ages"dye - color with dye; "Please dye these shoes"ebonise, ebonize - stain black to make it look like ebonydip - stain an object by immersing it in a liquidtattoo - stain (skin) with indelible colormarble - paint or stain like marble; "marble paper"vein - make a veinlike pattern | | 2. | stain - produce or leave stains; "Red wine stains the table cloth"alter, change, modify - cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue"smut - stain with a dirty substance, such as sootblob, fleck, blot, spot - make a spot or mark onto; "The wine spotted the tablecloth" | | 3. | stain - make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air; also used metaphorically; "The silver was tarnished by the long exposure to the air"; "Her reputation was sullied after the affair with a married man"maculate, tarnish, defile, sullyblob, fleck, blot, spot - make a spot or mark onto; "The wine spotted the tablecloth"darken - tarnish or stain; "a scandal that darkened the family's good name" | | 4. | stain - color for microscopic study; "The laboratory worker dyed the specimen"dye - color with dye; "Please dye these shoes" |
stainnoun1. mark, spot, blot, blemish, discoloration, smirch a black stain2. stigma, shame, disgrace, slur, reproach, blemish, dishonour, infamy, blot on the escutcheon a stain on the honour of its war dead3. dye, colour, tint Give each surface two coats of stain.verb1. mark, soil, discolour, dirty, tarnish, tinge, spot, blot, blemish, smirch Some foods can stain teeth, as of course can smoking.2. dye, colour, tint a technique biologists use to stain proteins3. disgrace, taint, blacken, sully, corrupt, contaminate, deprave, defile, besmirch, drag through the mud It was too late. Their reputation had been stained.stainverb1. To soil with foreign matter:bestain, discolor, smut.2. To contaminate the reputation of:befoul, besmear, besmirch, bespatter, blacken, cloud, denigrate, dirty, smear, smudge, smut, soil, spatter, sully, taint, tarnish.Idioms: give a black eye to, sling mud on.3. To ruin utterly in character or quality:animalize, bastardize, bestialize, brutalize, canker, corrupt, debase, debauch, demoralize, deprave, pervert, vitiate, warp.4. To impart color to:color, dye, tincture, tint.noun1. A discolored mark made by smearing:blot, blotch, daub, smear, smirch, smudge, smutch, splotch.2. A mark of discredit or disgrace:black eye, blemish, blot, onus, spot, stigma, taint, tarnish.Archaic: attaint.Idiom: a blot on one's escutcheon.3. Something that imparts color:color, colorant, coloring, dye, dyestuff, pigment, tincture.Translationsstain (stein) verb1. to leave a (permanent) dirty mark or coloured patch on eg a fabric. The coffee I spilt has stained my trousers. 污漬(衣服) 沾污（衣服） 2. to become marked in this way. Silk stains easily. 給...染色 使染色3. to dye or colour (eg wood). The wooden chairs had been stained brown. 給...著色 着色 noun a dirty mark on a fabric etc that is difficult or impossible to remove. His overall was covered with paint-stains; There is not the slightest stain upon her reputation. 污點 污点stainless steel (of) a metal alloy composed of steel and chromium that does not rust. a sink made of stainless steel; stainless steel knives/cutlery. 不鏽鋼 不锈钢- Can you remove this stain? → 这个渍痕能洗掉吗？
- This stain is coffee → 这是咖啡渍痕
- This stain is blood → 这是血渍
- This stain is wine → 这是葡萄酒渍痕
- This stain is oil → 这是油渍
stain
shit stain1. rude slang Literally, a mark left by excrement. We need to rip up these carpets—they're covered in shit stains from grandpa's dog. His underpants had a disgusting shitstain on them.2. rude slang A despicable, contemptible, worthless, or inconsequential person. Sometimes written as a single word. Don't listen to a fool like him, he's just a shit stain. I'll never understand why they hired a shitstain like him to run the company. Go ahead and sue us. There's no way a little shit stain like you can beat our company in court.See also: shit, stainstain (something) with (something)1. Literally, to permanently ruin or alter the color of something with the application, introduction, or interaction of some substance. I swear to God—if you stain that sofa with chocolate, you will be grounded for a week! We'll need to stain the wooded decking outside with lacquer before it rains.2. To tarnish, besmirch, or sully something due to some action, situation, occurrence, etc. She stained her bright political career with the financial scandal. My reputation has been stained with the vile calumnies of my enemies.See also: stainstain something with something 1. to cause a blemish or blotch on something with something. (Usually an accident.) Judy stained the carpet with some grape juice. You will stain your clothing with that food if you drop any of it. 2. to affect the coloring of something through the use of a chemical stain. (A purposeful act, much the same as painting.) Walter stained the house with a long-lasting reddish stain. We decided to stain the doors with a special varnish rather than paint them. 3. Fig. to injure or blemish someone's reputation. They stained his reputation with their charges. I don't want to do anything that would stain my reputation.See also: stainstain
stain a dye or similar reagent, used to colour specimens for microscopic study Stain (microbiology) Any colored, organic compound, usually called dye, used to stain tissues, cells, cell components, or cell contents. The dye may be natural or synthetic. The object stained is called the substrate. The small size and transparency of microorganisms make them difficult to see even with the aid of a high-power microscope. Staining facilitates the observation of a substrate by introducing differences in optical density or in light absorption between the substrate and its surround or between different parts of the same substrate. In electron microscopy, and sometimes in light microscopy (as in the silver impregnation technique of staining flagella or capsules), staining is accomplished by depositing on the substrate ultraphotoscopic particles of a metal such as chromium or gold (the so-called shadowing process); or staining is done by treating the substrate with solutions of metallic compounds such as uranyl acetate or phosphotungstic acid. Stains may be classified according to their molecular structure. They may also be classified according to their chemical behavior into acid, basic, neutral, and indifferent. This classification is of more practical value to the biologist. See Medical bacteriology StainA coloring liquid or dye for application to any porous material, most often wood; thinner than paint and readily absorbed by the wood so that the texture and grain of the wood is enhanced, and not concealed.stain[stān] (materials) A nonprotective coloring matter used on wood surfaces; imparts color without obscuring the wood grains. Any colored, organic compound used to stain tissues, cells, cell components, cell contents, or other biological substrates for microscopic examination. stain1. A discoloration in the surface of wood, plastic, sealant, etc. 2. A colorant for enhancing wood grain during finishing. 3. A stainer.stain
stain [stān] 1. a substance used to impart color to tissues or cells, to facilitate microscopic study and identification.2. an area of discoloration of the skin.acid-fast stain a staining procedure for demonstrating acid-fast microorganisms.differential stain one that facilitates differentiation of various elements in a specimen.endogenous stain an intrinsic stain acquired during tooth development.exogenous stain an intrinsic stain acquired after a tooth has erupted.extrinsic stain a stain that can be removed from a tooth surface by polishing.Giemsa stain a solution containing azure II-eosin, azure II-glycerin, and methanol; used for staining protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium and Trypanosoma, for Chlamydia, for differential staining of blood smears, and for viral inclusion bodies. Stained elements appear pink to purple to blue.Gram stain a staining procedure in which bacteria are stained with crystal violet, treated with strong iodine solution, decolorized with ethanol or ethanol-acetone, and counterstained with a contrasting dye; those retaining the stain are called gram-positive, and those losing the stain but staining with the counterstain are called gram-negative.hematoxylin and eosin stain a mixture of hematoxylin in distilled water and aqueous eosin solution, employed universally for routine examination of tissues.intrinsic stain a stain that is within the enamel of a tooth and cannot be removed by polishing.metachromatic stain one that produces in certain elements a color different from that of the stain itself.nuclear stain one that selectively stains cell nuclei, generally a basic stain.port-wine stain a persistent dark red to purple nevus flammeus that grows proportionately with the affected child and is usually found on the face. Initially it is macular, but the surface may develop angiomatous overgrowths with time. Port-wine stains often occur in association with other congenital abnormalities.supravital stain a stain introduced in living tissue or cells that have been removed from the body.tumor stain an area of increased density in a radiograph, due to collection of contrast material in distorted and abnormal vessels, prominent in the capillary and venous phases of arteriography, and presumed to indicate neoplasm.vital stain a stain introduced into the living organism, and taken up selectively by various tissue or cellular elements.Wright's stain a mixture of eosin and methylene blue, used for demonstrating blood cells and malarial parasites.stain (stān), 1. To discolor. 2. To color; to dye. 3. A discoloration. 4. A dye used in histologic and bacteriologic techniques 5. A procedure in which a dye or combination of dyes and reagents is used to color the constituents of cells and tissues. For individual dyes or staining substances, see the specific names. [M.E. steinen] stain (stān)v. stained, staining, stains v.tr. To treat (a specimen for the microscope) with a reagent or dye in order to identify cell or tissue structures or microorganisms.n. A reagent or dye used for staining microscopic specimens.
stain′a·ble adj.stain′er n.stain (stān) 1. To discolor. 2. To color; to dye. 3. A discoloration. 4. A dye used in histologic and bacteriologic technique. 5. A procedure in which a dye or combination of dyes and reagents is used to color the constituents of cells and tissues. [M.E. steinen]stain (stān) 1. To discolor. 2. To color; to dye. 3. A discoloration. 4. A dye used in histologic and bacteriologic techniques 5. A procedure in which a dye or combination of dyes and reagents is used to color constituents of cells and tissues. [M.E. steinen]stain
Synonyms for stainnoun markSynonyms- mark
- spot
- blot
- blemish
- discoloration
- smirch
noun stigmaSynonyms- stigma
- shame
- disgrace
- slur
- reproach
- blemish
- dishonour
- infamy
- blot on the escutcheon
noun dyeSynonymsverb markSynonyms- mark
- soil
- discolour
- dirty
- tarnish
- tinge
- spot
- blot
- blemish
- smirch
verb dyeSynonymsverb disgraceSynonyms- disgrace
- taint
- blacken
- sully
- corrupt
- contaminate
- deprave
- defile
- besmirch
- drag through the mud
Synonyms for stainverb to soil with foreign matterSynonymsverb to contaminate the reputation ofSynonyms- befoul
- besmear
- besmirch
- bespatter
- blacken
- cloud
- denigrate
- dirty
- smear
- smudge
- smut
- soil
- spatter
- sully
- taint
- tarnish
verb to ruin utterly in character or qualitySynonyms- animalize
- bastardize
- bestialize
- brutalize
- canker
- corrupt
- debase
- debauch
- demoralize
- deprave
- pervert
- vitiate
- warp
verb to impart color toSynonymsnoun a discolored mark made by smearingSynonyms- blot
- blotch
- daub
- smear
- smirch
- smudge
- smutch
- splotch
noun a mark of discredit or disgraceSynonyms- black eye
- blemish
- blot
- onus
- spot
- stigma
- taint
- tarnish
- attaint
noun something that imparts colorSynonyms- color
- colorant
- coloring
- dye
- dyestuff
- pigment
- tincture
Synonyms for stainnoun a soiled or discolored appearanceSynonyms- discoloration
- discolouration
Related Words- appearance
- visual aspect
- scorch
- bloodstain
- iron mold
- iron mould
- mud stain
- oil stain
- tarnish
noun (microscopy) a dye or other coloring material that is used in microscopy to make structures visibleRelated Words- microscopy
- crystal violet
- gentian violet
- methylene blue
- methylthionine chloride
- coloring material
- colour
- colouring material
- color
- counterstain
noun the state of being covered with unclean thingsSynonyms- grime
- grunge
- soil
- dirt
- filth
- grease
Related Wordsnoun a symbol of disgrace or infamySynonymsRelated Words- demerit
- bend sinister
- bar sinister
- cloven foot
- cloven hoof
- symbol
noun an act that brings discredit to the person who does itSynonymsRelated Wordsverb color with a liquid dye or tintRelated Words- dye
- ebonise
- ebonize
- dip
- tattoo
- marble
- vein
verb produce or leave stainsRelated Words- alter
- change
- modify
- smut
- blob
- fleck
- blot
- spot
verb make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to airSynonyms- maculate
- tarnish
- defile
- sully
Related Wordsverb color for microscopic studyRelated Words |