smut

S0503000 (smŭt)n.1. a. A particle of dirt or soot: "the smoke and flames blowing from the lantern which peppered him with large black smuts" (Joyce Cary).b. A smudge made by soot, smoke, or dirt.2. Sexually explicit or prurient language or material, such as books or movies.3. See smut fungus.v. smut·ted, smut·ting, smuts v.tr.1. To blacken or smudge, as with smoke or grime.2. To affect (a plant) with smut fungus.v.intr. To be or become blackened or smudged.

[From Middle English smotten, smutten, to defile.]

smut′ti·ly adv.smut′ti·ness n.smut′ty adj.

smut

(smʌt) n1. a small dark smudge or stain, esp one caused by soot2. a speck of soot or dirt3. something obscene or indecent4. (Plant Pathology) a. any of various fungal diseases of flowering plants, esp cereals, in which black sooty masses of spores cover the affected partsb. any parasitic basidiomycetous fungus of the order Ustilaginales that causes such a disease5. (Angling) angling a midge or other insect relished by troutvb, smuts, smutting or smutted6. to mark or become marked or smudged, as with soot7. (Plant Pathology) to affect (grain) or (of grain) to be affected with smut8. (Plant Pathology) (tr) to remove smut from (grain)9. (tr) to make obscene10. (intr) to emit soot or smut11. (Angling) (intr) angling (of trout) to feed voraciously on smuts[Old English smitte; related to Middle High German smitze; associated with smudge, smutch] ˈsmutty adj ˈsmuttily adv ˈsmuttiness n

smut

(smʌt)

n., v. smut•ted, smut•ting. n. 1. a particle of soot; sooty matter. 2. a black or dirty mark; smudge. 3. indecent language or writing; obscenity. 4. a. a disease of plants, esp. cereal grasses, characterized by the conversion of affected parts into black, powdery masses of spores, caused by fungi of the order Ustilaginales. b. a fungus causing this disease. v.t. 5. to soil or smudge. v.i. 6. to become affected with smut, as a plant. [1580–90; akin to earlier smit (Old English smitte), by association with smudge, smutch]

smut

(smŭt) Any of various plant diseases caused by parasitic fungi that form black, powdery masses of spores on the affected parts. Smut chiefly affects cereal grasses like corn and wheat.

smut

Past participle: smutted
Gerund: smutting

Imperative
smut
smut

Present
I smut
you smut
he/she/it smuts
we smut
you smut
they smut

Preterite
I smutted
you smutted
he/she/it smutted
we smutted
you smutted
they smutted

Present Continuous
I am smutting
you are smutting
he/she/it is smutting
we are smutting
you are smutting
they are smutting

Present Perfect
I have smutted
you have smutted
he/she/it has smutted
we have smutted
you have smutted
they have smutted

Past Continuous
I was smutting
you were smutting
he/she/it was smutting
we were smutting
you were smutting
they were smutting

Past Perfect
I had smutted
you had smutted
he/she/it had smutted
we had smutted
you had smutted
they had smutted

Future
I will smut
you will smut
he/she/it will smut
we will smut
you will smut
they will smut

Future Perfect
I will have smutted
you will have smutted
he/she/it will have smutted
we will have smutted
you will have smutted
they will have smutted

Future Continuous
I will be smutting
you will be smutting
he/she/it will be smutting
we will be smutting
you will be smutting
they will be smutting

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been smutting
you have been smutting
he/she/it has been smutting
we have been smutting
you have been smutting
they have been smutting

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been smutting
you will have been smutting
he/she/it will have been smutting
we will have been smutting
you will have been smutting
they will have been smutting

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been smutting
you had been smutting
he/she/it had been smutting
we had been smutting
you had been smutting
they had been smutting

Conditional
I would smut
you would smut
he/she/it would smut
we would smut
you would smut
they would smut

Past Conditional
I would have smutted
you would have smutted
he/she/it would have smutted
we would have smutted
you would have smutted
they would have smutted

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	smut - a black colloidal substance consisting wholly or principally of amorphous carbon and used to make pigments and inkcarbon black, crock, lampblack, sootatomic number 6, carbon, C - an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds
	2.	smut - destructive diseases of plants (especially cereal grasses) caused by fungi that produce black powdery masses of sporesplant disease - a disease that affects plantsloose smut - disease of grains; the entire head is a dusty mass of sporesstinking smut, bunt - disease of wheat characterized by replacement of the grains with greasy masses of smelly smut sporesflag smut - smut affecting leaves and stems of cereals and other grassesfalse smut, green smut - disease of rice; grains covered by a green powder consisting of conidia
	3.	smut - any fungus of the order Ustilaginalessmut fungusfungus - an organism of the kingdom Fungi lacking chlorophyll and feeding on organic matter; ranging from unicellular or multicellular organisms to spore-bearing syncytiaorder Ustilaginales, Ustilaginales - parasitic fungi causing smuts; sometimes placed in class Tiliomycetescovered smut - a smut fungus causing a smut disease of grains in which the spore masses are covered or held together by the grain membranesloose smut - a smut fungus of the genus Ustilago causing a smut disease of grains in which the entire head is transformed into a dusty mass of sporescorn smut, cornsmut - a smut fungus attacking Indian corngenus Sphacelotheca, Sphacelotheca - genus of smut fungushead smut, Sphacelotheca reiliana - smut fungus attacking heads of corn or sorghum and causing a covered smutTilletia caries, bunt - fungus that destroys kernels of wheat by replacing them with greasy masses of smelly sporesTilletia foetida, stinking smut, bunt - similar to Tilletia cariesonion smut, Urocystis cepulae - smut fungus causing blackish blisters on scales and leaves of onions; especially destructive to seedlingsflag smut fungus - a smut fungus causing a smut in cereals and other grasses that chiefly affects leaves and stems and is characterized chains of sori within the plant tissue that later rupture releasing black masses of spores
	4.	smut - an offensive or indecent word or phrasedirty word, vulgarism, obscenity, filthcock, pecker, peter, dick, putz, prick, tool, shaft - obscene terms for penischickenshit - a false statement that is considered to indicate timidity or fearbawdry, bawdy - lewd or obscene talk or writing; "it was smoking-room bawdry"; "they published a collection of Elizabethan bawdy"scatology - a preoccupation with obscenity (especially that dealing with excrement or excretory functions)profanity - vulgar or irreverent speech or actionpeeing, pissing, pee, piss - informal terms for urination; "he took a pee"bugger all, Fanny Adams, fuck all, sweet Fanny Adams - little or nothing at all; "I asked for a raise and they gave me bugger-all"; "I know sweet Fanny Adams about surgery"poop, shit, shite, turd, crap, dirt - obscene terms for feces
	5.	smut - creative activity (writing or pictures or films etc.) of no literary or artistic value other than to stimulate sexual desireerotica, porn, porno, pornographychild pornography, kiddie porn, kiddy porn - the illegal use of children in pornographic pictures or filmscreation, creative activity - the human act of creating
Verb	1.	smut - make obscene; "This line in the play smuts the entire act"alter, change, modify - cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue"
	2.	smut - stain with a dirty substance, such as sootstain - produce or leave stains; "Red wine stains the table cloth"
	3.	smut - become affected with smut; "the corn smutted and could not be eaten"mildew, mold - become moldy; spoil due to humidity; "The furniture molded in the old house"
	4.	smut - affect with smut or mildew, as of a crop such as cornfarming, husbandry, agriculture - the practice of cultivating the land or raising stockinfect, taint - contaminate with a disease or microorganism

smut

nounSomething that is offensive to accepted standards of decency:bawdry, dirt, filth, obscenity, profanity, ribaldry, scatology, vulgarity.Slang: raunch.verb1. To soil with foreign matter:bestain, discolor, stain.2. To contaminate the reputation of:befoul, besmear, besmirch, bespatter, blacken, cloud, denigrate, dirty, smear, smudge, soil, spatter, stain, sully, taint, tarnish.Idioms: give a black eye to, sling mud on.

Translations

淫秽语言

smut

(smat) noun vulgar or indecent talk etc. There is too much smut on television nowadays!淫秽语言ˈsmutty adjective (of a conversation, film etc) indecent. vulgar: He could not be prevented from telling smutty stories.淫秽的ˈsmuttiness noun淫秽

smut

smut,

name for an order of parasitic fungi (Ustilaginales) and the various diseases of plantsdiseases of plants.
Most plant diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Although the term disease is usually used only for the destruction of live plants, the action of dry rot and the rotting of harvested crops in storage or transport is similar to the rots
..... Click the link for more information. caused by them. Smuts produce sootlike masses of spores on the host. The spore masses may break up into a dustlike powder readily scattered by wind (loose smuts) or remain more or less covered by a smooth membrane (covered or kernel smuts). Certain smuts are edible and are considered a delicacy in some countries. As a disease, smuts lower the vitality of the host plant and often cause deformities. There is no alternation of hosts. Smuts are a most serious threat to cereal grain crops. Among those that cause severe annual losses to crops are corn smut, oat smut, bunt or stinking smut, and loose smut of wheat. Bunt is probably the most serious disease that attacks wheat at the young or seedling stage and spoils the grain. It has the odor of sour herring and is caused by either of two smut fungi. The fungus may be present on the wheat seed or in the soil in which the seed is sown, or it may be blown into a field by the wind. Smuts are classified in the kingdom FungiFungi
, kingdom of heterotrophic single-celled, multinucleated, or multicellular organisms, including yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. The organisms live as parasites, symbionts, or saprobes (see saprophyte).
..... Click the link for more information. , phylum (division) Basidiomycota, order Ustilaginales.

Smut (microbiology)

The dark powdery masses of “smut spores” (teliospores) that develop in living plant tissues infected by species of Ustilago, Tilletia, and similar plant parasitic fungi. Molecular and ultrastructural data show that smut fungi comprise two phylogenetically distinct lines within the Basidiomycota; recent classification places them in two different classes, Ustilaginomycetes and Urediniomycetes. Ustilaginomycetes contains most of the smut fungi, and several groups of morphologically distinct, nonsmut plant parasites, including Exobasidium, Graphiola, and Microstroma. Smut fungi belonging to the genus Microbotryum, best known as anther smuts of Caryophyllaceae, are now placed within the Urediniomycetes with rust fungi and allied taxa. Ustilaginomycetes and Urediniomycetes also contain a number of saprotrophic, yeastlike fungi that are related to the plant parasitic smuts. Yeastlike saprotrophs that produce teliospores include Tilletiaria in the Ustilaginomycetes, and Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium, and Sporobolomyces in the Urediniomycetes. Yeastlike saprotrophs in the Ustilaginomycetes that do not form teliospores but reproduce in another manner similar to Ustilago and Tilletia include Pseudozyma and Tilletiopsis, respectively. See Fungi

Teliospores of plant parasitic smut fungi form in a fruiting structure called a sorus. Sori are commonly produced in the inflorescence, leaves, or stems of the host, although the root is the site of sorus formation in smuts belonging to the genus Entorrhiza. Teliospores develop within the sorus by conversion of dikaryotic mycelial cells into thick-walled resistant spores within which paired nuclei fuse. Meiosis also occurs in teliospores of some smut fungi, but meiotic division is more characteristic of the tubular basidium that develops at germination.

There are 1200 species and 50 different genera of known smut fungi that infect over 4000 species of angiosperms. Smut fungi occur on both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous hosts but are most economically important as pathogens of barley, corn, oats, onions, rice, sorghum, sugarcane, and wheat. Control of smut diseases varies with species and includes fungicidal seed treatments and use of resistant crop varieties. See Basidiomycota, Plant pathology

Smut

a widespread plant disease caused by smut fungi (order Ustilaginales). The chief losses by smut occur in grain crops, thus causing great economic loss. Grain losses were especially bad in prerevolutionary Russia; this has been greatly reduced in the USSR, but losses caused by smut are still great. Smut also attacks plants of the families Liliaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Polygonaceae, Compositae, Umbelliferae, and Papaveraceae. It destroys, completely or partially, a number of organs, primarily the gynoecia, spikes, panicles, and spadices, but also the stems, leaves, and crowns. All of these organs are turned into dark masses of spores. Smut spores are specialized parasites; each species is adapted to a specific plant species.

There are several harmful smuts. In covered wheat and rye smut the parasite destroys the germs and is preserved in the form of smut sacks, or individual spores scattered on the seeds. In barley rock smut and covered oat smut the spores fill the gynoecia without destroying the panicles or spikes, and a flat black mass of spores can be seen through the spike coatings. In loose wheat and corn smut the parasite destroys the spikes, panicles, and spadices, turning them into a black dusty mass. Stem smut of rye and wheat infects the stems and part of the leaves; blister corn smut forms on various parts of the plant, leaving tumors covered with a coating and filled with spores. Smut fungi are also parasites on other grains, such as rice, foxtail millet, Italian and Japanese millet, and sorghum. Another type of smut worth noting is onion smut, which destroys onions. Some species infest plants in the soil, usually before the appearance of sprouts (covered wheat smut, rice stem smut, and others). Others attack during heading or flowering (loose wheat smut and loose barley smut), and still others infect young and tender tissues during the entire vegetation period (onion smut and blister corn smut). Countermeasures taken against smut include the use of resistant species; intensive agricultural technological measures assuring the growth of resistant and healthy plants; the culling of seed plantings heavily infested with smut; the cleaning and disinfection of seeds with chemical preparations or by thermal means; and the warm-air or sun heating of seeds.

REFERENCES

Ul’ianishchev, V. I. Mikroflora Azerbaidzhana. Vol. 1: Golovnevye griby. Baku, 1952.
Kalashnikov, K. Ia. Golovnia zernovykh kul’tur. Leningrad-Moscow, 1962.
Slovar’-spravochnik fitopatologa, 2nd ed. Edited by P. N. Golovin. Leningrad, 1967.

K. IA. KALASHNIKOV

smut

[smət] (metallurgy) A reaction product left on the surface of a metal after pickling. (plant pathology) Any of various destructive fungus diseases of cereals and other plants characterized by large dusty masses of dark spores on the plant organs.

smut

Angling a minute midge or other insect relished by trout

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut,

Smut (microbiology)

Smut

REFERENCES

smut

smut

smut

smut

smut

SMUT

smut

Synonyms for smut

noun something that is offensive to accepted standards of decency

Synonyms

verb to soil with foreign matter

Synonyms

verb to contaminate the reputation of

Synonyms

Synonyms for smut

noun a black colloidal substance consisting wholly or principally of amorphous carbon and used to make pigments and ink

Synonyms

Related Words

noun destructive diseases of plants (especially cereal grasses) caused by fungi that produce black powdery masses of spores

Related Words

noun any fungus of the order Ustilaginales

Synonyms

Related Words

noun an offensive or indecent word or phrase

Synonyms

Related Words

noun creative activity (writing or pictures or films etc

Synonyms

Related Words

verb make obscene

Related Words

verb stain with a dirty substance, such as soot

Related Words

verb become affected with smut

Related Words

verb affect with smut or mildew, as of a crop such as corn

Related Words