presume

presume

belief on reasonable grounds; in law, to assume as true in the absence of proof to the contrary; to undertake with unwarrantable boldness; to undertake without permission: presume to speak for someone else; go too far in taking liberties; also some of the same meanings as assume, such as presuppose and take for granted
Not to be confused with:assume – to take for granted: Don’t assume the old bridge is safe.; suppose; postulate; to take upon oneself: assume an obligation; to take on, adopt: assume a virtue; to feign: assume an innocent demeanor; to take on the debts or obligations of another: assume the loan

pre·sume

P0545300 (prĭ-zo͞om′)v. pre·sumed, pre·sum·ing, pre·sumes v.tr.1. To take for granted as being true in the absence of proof to the contrary: "I presume you're tired after the long ride" (Edith Wharton).2. To constitute reasonable evidence for assuming; appear to prove: A signed hotel bill presumes occupancy of a room.3. To venture without authority or permission; dare: He presumed to invite himself to dinner.v.intr.1. To take for granted that something is true or factual; make a supposition.2. To act presumptuously or take unwarranted advantage of something: Don't presume on their hospitality.

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[Middle English presumen, from Old French presumer, from Late Latin praesūmere, from Latin, to anticipate : prae-, pre- + sūmere, to take; see em- in Indo-European roots.]

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pre·sum′ed·ly (-zo͞o′mĭd-lē) adv.pre·sum′er n.

presume

(prɪˈzjuːm) vb1. (when tr, often takes a clause as object) to take (something) for granted; assume2. (when tr, often foll by an infinitive) to take upon oneself (to do something) without warrant or permission; dare: do you presume to copy my work?. 3. (intr; foll by on or upon) to rely or depend: don't presume on his agreement. 4. (Law) law to take as proved until contrary evidence is produced[C14: via Old French from Latin praesūmere to take in advance, from prae before + sūmere to assume] presumedly adv preˈsumer n preˈsuming adj preˈsumingly adv

pre•sume

(prɪˈzum)

v. -sumed, -sum•ing. v.t. 1. to take for granted, assume, or suppose. 2. Law. to assume as true in the absence of proof to the contrary. 3. to undertake with unwarrantable boldness. 4. to undertake (to do something) without right or permission: to presume to speak for another person. v.i. 5. to take something for granted; suppose. 6. to act or proceed with unwarrantable or impertinent boldness. 7. to go too far in acting unwarrantably or in taking liberties (usu. fol. by on or upon): to presume on someone's tolerance. [1300–50; Middle English (< Old French presumer) < Latin praesūmere to take beforehand (Late Latin: take for granted, assume, dare) =prae- pre- + sūmere to take up, suppose (see consume)] pre•sum′ed•ly, adv. pre•sum′er, n.

presume

Past participle: presumed
Gerund: presuming

Imperative
presume
presume

Present
I presume
you presume
he/she/it presumes
we presume
you presume
they presume

Preterite
I presumed
you presumed
he/she/it presumed
we presumed
you presumed
they presumed

Present Continuous
I am presuming
you are presuming
he/she/it is presuming
we are presuming
you are presuming
they are presuming

Present Perfect
I have presumed
you have presumed
he/she/it has presumed
we have presumed
you have presumed
they have presumed

Past Continuous
I was presuming
you were presuming
he/she/it was presuming
we were presuming
you were presuming
they were presuming

Past Perfect
I had presumed
you had presumed
he/she/it had presumed
we had presumed
you had presumed
they had presumed

Future
I will presume
you will presume
he/she/it will presume
we will presume
you will presume
they will presume

Future Perfect
I will have presumed
you will have presumed
he/she/it will have presumed
we will have presumed
you will have presumed
they will have presumed

Future Continuous
I will be presuming
you will be presuming
he/she/it will be presuming
we will be presuming
you will be presuming
they will be presuming

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been presuming
you have been presuming
he/she/it has been presuming
we have been presuming
you have been presuming
they have been presuming

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been presuming
you will have been presuming
he/she/it will have been presuming
we will have been presuming
you will have been presuming
they will have been presuming

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been presuming
you had been presuming
he/she/it had been presuming
we had been presuming
you had been presuming
they had been presuming

Conditional
I would presume
you would presume
he/she/it would presume
we would presume
you would presume
they would presume

Past Conditional
I would have presumed
you would have presumed
he/she/it would have presumed
we would have presumed
you would have presumed
they would have presumed

Thesaurus

Verb	1.	presume - take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof; "I assume his train was late"assume, take for grantedpresuppose, suppose - take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand; "I presuppose that you have done your work"anticipate, expect - regard something as probable or likely; "The meteorologists are expecting rain for tomorrow"
	2.	presume - take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission; "How dare you call my lawyer?"dare, make boldact, move - perform an action, or work out or perform (an action); "think before you act"; "We must move quickly"; "The governor should act on the new energy bill"; "The nanny acted quickly by grabbing the toddler and covering him with a wet towel"
	3.	presume - constitute reasonable evidence for; "A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food"bear witness, evidence, testify, prove, show - provide evidence for; "The blood test showed that he was the father"; "Her behavior testified to her incompetence"
	4.	presume - take liberties or act with too much confidencebehave, act, do - behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself; "You should act like an adult"; "Don't behave like a fool"; "What makes her do this way?"; "The dog acts ferocious, but he is really afraid of people"

presume

verb1. believe, think, suppose, assume, guess (informal, chiefly U.S. & Canad.), take it, take for granted, infer, conjecture, postulate, surmise, posit, presuppose I presume you're here on business.2. dare, venture, undertake, go so far as, have the audacity, take the liberty, make bold, make so bold as I wouldn't presume to question your judgement.3. presuppose, assume, imply, take as read The legal definition of 'know' often presumes mental control.presume on something or someone depend on, rely on, exploit, take advantage of, count on, bank on, take liberties with, trust in or to He's presuming on your good nature.Quotations
"Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" [Henry Morton Stanley How I Found Livingstone]

presume

verb1. To take for granted without proof:assume, posit, postulate, premise, presuppose, suppose.Informal: reckon.2. To have the courage to put forward, as an idea, especially when rebuff or criticism is likely:dare, hazard, pretend, venture.3. To take advantage of unfairly:abuse, exploit, impose, use.

Translations

假定擅自相信认定

presume

(prəˈzjuːm) verb1. to believe that something is true without proof; to take for granted. When I found the room empty, I presumed that you had gone home; `Has he gone?' `I presume so.' 相信，認定，假定 相信，认定，假定 2. to be bold enough (to act without the right, knowledge etc to do so). I wouldn't presume to advise someone as clever as you. 擅自 擅自preˈsumably adverb I presume. She's not in her office – presumably she went home early. 我相信 我相信preˈsumption (-ˈzamp-) noun1. something presumed. She married again, on the presumption that her first husband was dead. 被認定的事物，推斷 被认定的事物，推断 2. unsuitable boldness, eg in one's behaviour towards another person. 自以為是，冒昧，傲慢 自以为是，冒昧，傲慢 preˈsumptuous (-ˈzamptjuəs) , ((American) -ˈzamptʃuəs) adjective impolitely bold. 傲慢的 傲慢的preˈsumptuousness noun 傲慢 傲慢

presume

→ 假定zhCN