pedicle graft


graft

 [graft] 1. any tissue or organ for implantation or transplantation.2. to implant or transplant such tissues. This term is preferred over transplant in the case of skin grafts. See also implant.allogeneic graft allograft.autodermic graft (autoepidermic graft) a skin graft taken from the patient's own body.autologous graft (autoplastic graft) a graft taken from another area of the patient's own body; called also autograft.avascular graft a graft of tissue in which not even transient vascularization is achieved.bone graft bone transplanted from one site to another.bypass graft an autograft consisting of a segment of vein or artery grafted into place in a bypass.cable graft a nerve graft made up of several sections of nerve in the manner of a cable.coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) see under bypass.cutis graft dermal graft.delayed graft a skin graft that is sutured back into its bed and subsequently used after several days.dermal graft (dermic graft) a skin graft of dermis, used instead of fascia in various plastic procedures.epidermic graft a skin graft in which a piece of epidermis" >epidermis is implanted on a raw surface.fascia graft a graft of fibrous tissue, usually taken from the external investing fascia of the lower limb (fascia lata).fascicular graft a nerve graft in which bundles of nerve fibers are approximated and sutured separately.filler graft one used for the filling of defects, as the filling of depressions with fatty tissue or of a bony cyst cavity with bone chips or dried cartilage.free graft a graft of tissue completely freed from its bed, in contrast to a flap.full-thickness graft a skin graft consisting of the full thickness of the skin, with little or none of the subcutaneous tissue. heterodermic graft a skin graft taken from a donor of another species.heterologous graft (heteroplastic graft) xenograft.homologous graft a graft of tissue obtained from the body of another animal of the same species but with a genotype differing from that of the recipient; called also allograft and homograft.inlay graft a skin graft or mucosal graft applied by spreading the graft over a stent and suturing the graft and mold into a prepared pocket.isogeneic graft (isologous graft) (isoplastic graft) syngraft.lamellar graft replacement of the superficial layers of an opaque cornea by a thin layer of clear cornea from a donor eye.mesh graft a type of split-thickness graft in which many tiny splits have been made in the skin to allow it to be stretched to cover a larger area.Ollier-Thiersch graft a very thin skin graft in which long, broad strips of skin, consisting of the epidermis, rete, and part of the corium, are used.omental graft a segment of omentum" >omentum and its supplying vasculature, transplanted as a free flap to another area and revascularized by anastomosis of arteries and veins.pedicle graft pedicle flap.penetrating graft a full-thickness corneal transplant.periosteal graft a piece of periosteum to cover a denuded bone.Phemister graft a bone graft of cortical bone with cancellous bone chips to enhance callus formation.pinch graft a small piece of skin graft, partial or full thickness, obtained by elevating the skin with a needle and slicing it off with a knife.porcine graft a split-thickness graft of skin from a pig, applied to a denuded area on a human as a temporary dressing for treatment of a severe burn.sieve graft a skin graft from which tiny circular islands of skin are removed so that a larger denuded area can be covered, the sievelike portion being placed over one area, and the individual islands over surrounding or other denuded areas.skin graft a piece of skin transplanted to replace a lost portion of skin; see also grafting" >skin grafting.split-skin graft (split-thickness graft) a skin graft consisting of the epidermis and a portion of dermis. Diagram of a cross-section of the skin, demonstrating split thickness and full thickness skin grafts. From Roberts and Hedges, 1991.syngeneic graft syngraft.thick-split graft a skin graft consisting of the epidermis and about two thirds of the dermis.Thiersch graft Ollier-Thiersch graft.

ped·i·cle graft

obsolete. See: pedicle flap.

graft

(graft) [L. graphium, hunting knife] 1. Tissue transplanted or implanted in a part of the body to repair a defect. A homograft (or allograft) is a graft of material from another individual of the same species. A heterograft (or xenograft) is a graft of material from an individual of another species. 2. The process of placing tissue from one site to another to repair a defect.

allogeneic graft

Allograft.

autologous graft

A graft taken from another part of the patient's body.

avascular graft

A graft in which vascular infiltration does not occur.

axillofemoral bypass graft

The surgical establishment of a connector between the axillary artery and the common femoral arteries. A synthetic artery graft is used and implanted subcutaneously. This technique is used in treating patients with insufficient blood flow to the legs (peripheral vascular disease).

bone graft

A piece of bone taken from one location (such as the ilium or fibula) and inserted to replace or restore another osseous structure. Bone storage banks have been established.

brain graft

An experimental technique in which brain cells are transplanted into the brain.

buttress graft

A graft used to support another structure or tissue.

bypass graft

A surgical conduit inserted into the vascular system that routes blood around an obstructed vessel. See: coronary artery bypass

cable graft

A nerve graft made up of bundles of segments from an unimportant nerve. Synonym: rope graft

cadaver graft

Grafting tissue, including skin, cornea, or bone, obtained from a body immediately after death.

delayed graft

A skin graft that is partially elevated and then replaced so that it may be moved later to another site.

dermal graft

A split-thickness or full-thickness skin graft. The graft will grow hair and have active sweat and sebum glands.

endovascular graft

A graft implanted within an existing blood vessel.

fascia graft

A graft using fascia, usually removed from the fascia lata, for repairing defects in other tissues.

fascicular graft

A nerve graft in which each bundle of nerves is separately sutured.

free graft

A graft that is completely separated from its original site and then transferred.

full-thickness graft

A graft of the entire layer of skin without the subcutaneous fat.

gingival graft

A sliding graft employing the gingival papilla as the graft material.

heterodermic graft

A skin graft taken from a donor of another species.

heteroplastic graft

A graft taken from another person or species.

heterotopic graft

See: heterotopic transplantation

homologous graft

A graft taken from a donor of the same species as the recipient.

isologous graft

A graft in which the donor and recipient are genetically identical, i.e., identical twins. Synonym: isograft

lamellar graft

A very thin corneal graft used to replace the surface layer of opaque corneal tissue.

mesh graft

A split-thickness graft that contains multiple perforations or slits, which allow the graft to be expanded so that a much larger area is covered. The holes in the graft are covered by new tissue as the graft spreads. A mesh graft heals with a less smooth cosmetic result than a sheet graft but is able to cover a larger defect.

nerve graft

The transplantation of a healthy nerve to replace a segment of a damaged nerve.

Ollier graft

See: Ollier, Louis Xavier Edouard

omental graft

The use of a portion of the omentum to cover or repair a defect in a hollow viscus or to cover a suture line in an abdominal organ.

ovarian graft

The implantation of a section of an ovary into the muscles of the abdominal wall.

pedicle graft

Pedicle flap.

periosteum graft

The application of a piece of bone and its periosteum to another site.

pinch graft

A graft consisting of small bits of skin.

postmortem graft

Tissue taken from a body after death and stored under proper conditions to be used later on a patient requiring a graft of such tissue.

punch graft

A full-thickness graft, usually circular, for transplanting skin containing hair follicles to a bald area.

rope graft

Cable graft.

sheet graft

A skin graft, typically removed from a donor site on the thigh, that is placed directly over a burn wound to promote healing.

sieve graft

A graft similar to a mesh graft in which a section of skin is removed except for small, regularly spaced areas that remain. The removed portion is used at the new site. The small remaining areas will grow to cover the entire area at the donor site.

skin graft

The use of small sections of skin harvested from a donor site and transplanted to an injured area of skin to repair a defect, such as a large full-thickness burn. Commonly used grafts include split-thickness, full-thickness, and xenografts. Biosynthetic grafts (collagen and synthetics) also are used to minimize fluid and protein loss from burn injuries, prevent infection, and reduce pain. The skin surface at the receiving site should be clean and raw.

Patient care

Before surgery, assessments are made of the patient's general health. Confirmation is needed that appropriate laboratory parameters, including hemoglobin and coagulation studies, are acceptable as they may affect the surgical result. The donor and recipient sites are prepared according to protocol. The postsurgical appearance of the wound and dressing and, if applicable, the need to immobilize the part after surgery are explained. Both patient and family receive support and encouragement. The graft is observed at regular intervals postoperatively for swelling or for development of hematoma and signs of purulent drainage. Aseptic technique is followed in applying dressings and compresses to prevent infection. Prophylactic antibiotics are administered as prescribed, and the graft site is immobilized to allow healing. Analgesics are administered as necessary to relieve pain. Before discharge, the patient learns about wound care and the need to keep the graft site clean, well lubricated, and away from sunlight according to the health care provider's instructions. Elastic support garments, reconstructive surgery, physical and occupational therapy, and psychological counseling may be required.

split-skin graft

Split-thickness graft.

split-thickness graft

A graft of a part of the epidermis and part of the dermis. Synonym: split-skin graft

sponge graft

A small piece of sponge placed over an ulcerating part to stimulate epidermal growth.

thick-split graft

A graft of about half or more of the skin's thickness.

Thiersch graft

See: Thiersch graft

Wolfe graft

See: Wolfe graft